Sort by year:

Health Profile of Mother in Kebon Pala

2023DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Weeke Budhyanti, Lisnaini, Assyifa Nasywa Kirani
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (4),1716-1722, December 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.008
Weeke Budhyanti, Lisnaini, Assyifa Nasywa Kirani

Authors:
2,3 Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Corresponding Author:
1*Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. Mail Id:  Weeke.Budhyanti@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background: each mother facing physical challenges, during pregnancy, parturition and nurturing phase, that may alter their health profile, but in fact, no report about their physical health profile. This study conducted to find prevalence of low back pain, diastasis recti, overweight, central obesity, fatigue and their activities.

Methods: this study is descriptive quantitative research with survey to find out health profile of mother in Kebon Pala, East Jakarta. Survey was conducted by local administrator of Kebon Pala, consisted their body weight, body height, waist circumference, symptoms of low back pain, symptoms of diastasis recti, Subjective Self Rating Test, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data processed with Microsoft Excel.

Results: there are 23.19% low back pain, 100% diastasis recti, 59.42% obesity, 69.57% central obesity, 7.24% were facing mild fatigue, and 75.36% were living a sedentary lifestyle.

Conclusion: prevalence of low back and fatigue were relatively low, prevalence of diastasis recti, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle were relatively high. Education about exercise were need to do, to help them maintain their body weight and repair their muscles.  

Keywords: low back pain, diastasis recti, obesity, activity

Assessment instrument for basic hook punch techniques for boxing athletes aged 16-30 years

2023DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Maksimus Bisa
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 9 (4),1702-1715, December 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.007
Maksimus Bisa

Author:

1Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Corresponding Author:

1*Maksimus Bisa, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, email: maksimus@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background of study: The hook punch is one of the deadliest punches in boxing. But at the same time, hook punches also require skill from the boxer. This study then aims to produce and test the basic techniques of hook punch boxing athletes aged 16-30 years.

Methods: The method used is experimental quantitative research by making a basic technique of hook strokes which refers to the concept of motor learning, beginning with the stimulus-receptor to the response-effector and muscle memory through a questionnaire that experts and practitioners validate before being used. The subjects in this study were male amateur and professional boxing athletes aged 16-30 years in Jakarta. Instrument trials were carried out in two boxing gyms with 20 athletes.

Results: The results showed that the validity and reliability tests obtained Cronbach’s Alpha value for each basic technique of hook stroke was greater than 0.60, and the r-table (product-moment) value was 0.444 <0.60.

Conclusion: Then it can be concluded that the basic technique of the hook stroke is declared reliable and feasible to use.

Keywords: Hook Punch Instrument; Stimulus-Receptor; Response-Effector.

 

Comparative Effect of Dynamic Stretching versus Slow-Reversible PNF Technique on Hip Flexibility Among Young Adults

2023DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Charumathi Polavarapu, Muneeswary. T
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (4),1693-1701, December 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.006
Jibi Paul1, Charumathi Polavarapu*2, Muneeswary. T3

Authors:
1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2Acute care Physiotherapist, St. Lukes Health Memorial Hospital,1717 US-59, Loop North, Livingston, Texas-77351, USA
3Graduate from Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Corresponding Author:
2*Acute care Physiotherapist, St. Lukes Health Memorial Hospital,1717 US-59, Loop North, Livingston, Texas-77351, USA; Mail Id: charu.physio@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Flexibility is a very important duty and performance of human in order to achieve successfully his/her skills and abilities in a wide range of conditions. Hip flexibility currently accounts for 13% of the global population and are predicted to account for 21 % by 2050. The objective of the study is to compare the effect of Dynamic stretching versus Slow-Reversible PNF technique on Hip flexibility among the young adults.

Methodology: The study was an experimental design, comparative and pre-post type. The study setting is at A.C.S medical college and hospital (University students) with sample size of 30 subjects based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study duration was about 12 weeks. The inclusion criteria are both male and females, age group between 18 – 25 years of. The exclusion criteria are History of musculoskeletal injury, Recent fracture, Pathology of pelvis, hip and knee, Any surgery of low back, hip and knee in normal adults. Materials Used for the study were Universal Goniometer, Thomas test, Pen and paper. Outcome Measures of the study are Hip flexibility, Posture, Increase ROM.  Measurement Tools for the studywere Goniometer, Plumb line method.

Result:  On comparing pre-test and post-test within Group A & Group B on ROM score. shows highly significant with mean difference 4.933 over 1.867 respectively.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that the slow reversible PNF technique considerable to be more effective than Dynamic stretching group on hip flexibility among young adults.

Keywords: Dynamic stretching; Flexibility; PNF; Posture.

Comparison of multidimensional home-based exercise versus resistance exercise on grip strength and hand functions in elderly population

2023DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Charumathi Polavarapu, Nandha Kumar. K
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (4),1683-1692, December 2023 ; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.005
Jibi Paul1, Charumathi Polavarapu*2Nandha Kumar. K3
Authors:
1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

2Acute care Physiotherapist, St. Lukes Health Memorial Hospital,1717 US-59, Loop North, Livingston, Texas-77351, USA 3Graduate from Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Corresponding Author:
2*Acute care Physiotherapist, St. Lukes Health Memorial Hospital,1717 US-59, Loop North, Livingston, Texas-77351, USA; Mail Id: charu.physio@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: In people aged 20-29 years old, average grip strength is 46 kg for men and 29kg for women. This decrease to 39 kg-23kg by the time when people reach 60 – 69 years of age. Aim & objective of the study is to study the comparative effects of multidimensional home-based exercise Vs resistance exercise to improve grip strength and hand functions in elderly population.

Methodology: This experimental study of comparative type (pre and post) with 30 subjects the study was carried out at ACS medical college and hospital OPD for four weeks after the approval from institution of review board (IRB). there are selected for the study after getting consent for participation. the subjects were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and they assigned into two groups by simple randomized sampling method. The Group A (multidimensional home-based exercise) consists of 15 and the Group B (resistance exercise) consists of 15, the hand-held dynamometer is used as outcome measures.
Result: Comparative study between Group A and Group B showed significant difference found in effectiveness in Right, Left hand power with P value <0.0001 on hand grip among elderly people.

Conclusion: Comparative study between Group A and Group B showed significant difference found in effectiveness in Right, Left hand power with P value <0.0001 on hand grip among elderly people. Group B found more significant compare with Group A with mean difference of 4.800, 5.34 respectively on right and left hand by resisted exercise on hand grip among elderly people.

         Key words: Hand grip; Elderly people; Hand function; Home based exercise; Resistance exercise

Effect of Physiotherapy treatment in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

2023DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Sony George, Jibi Paul, Ayana V S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (4),1669-1682, December 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.004
Sony George1*, Jibi Paul2, Ayana V S3

Authors:

2Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3Consultant Physiotherapist, P.N.N.M Hospital, Anchalumoodu, Perinadu, Kollam, Kerala, India

Corresponding Author:
1*Chief Physiotherapist, P.N.N.M Hospital, Anchalumoodu, Perinadu, Kollam, Kerala, India Mail id: sonyvinujee80@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) comprises a group of disorders that result in compression of the neuro vasculature exiting the thoracic outlet and was first described in 1956. TOS is usually subclassified into neurogenic TOS (nTOS), venous TOS (vTOS), and arterial TOS (aTOS), depending on the appropriate etiology upon presentation. It has been classified as Venous thoracic outlet syndrome and Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome.

Causes: Sometimes, a congenital (from birth) abnormality can cause thoracic outlet syndrome, but it is more likely to occur after injury or bodybuilding. A cervical rib is an extra rib that grows from the cervical spine. Abnormal muscle or first rib formation, some people may have an extra or aberrant scalene muscle his condition is related to abnormalities of bony and soft tissue in the lower neck region.

Symptoms: Patients with thoracic outlet syndrome will most likely present pain anywhere between the neck, face and occipital region or into the chest, shoulder and upper extremity and paresthesia in the upper extremity. The patient may also complain of altered or absent sensation, weakness, fatigue, a feeling of heaviness in the arm and hand. The skin can also be blotchy or discolored. A different temperature can also be observed.

Management: Medical Management include Thrombolytic medications are given to dissolve blood clots. Anticoagulant medications decrease the blood’s ability to clot. Surgical Management include chest (thoracic surgery or blood vessel (vascular) surgery perform the procedure. Thoracic outlet syndrome surgery has risks of complications, such as injury to the brachial plexus. Physiotherapymanagementcan decrease symptoms of pain and increase muscle strength, improve Postural correction and return to near normal function of upper limb.

Keywords: Thoracic- Venous thoracic outlet syndrome; Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome; Thrombolytic and Anticoagulant medications; Postural correction.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Infection Control Committee in the Pushpagiri Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla

2023DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Pushpam. J. Chundamalai, Siby Thomas
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (4),1650-1668, December 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.003
Pushpam.J. Chundamalai*1, Siby Thomas 2

Authors:
2Professor and HOD, Department of Hospital Administration, Division of Health Management, School of Medical Education, Centre for Professional and Advanced studies, Gandhinagar P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, India
Corresponding Author:
*1Assistant Professor, Department of hospital administration, Division of health management, School of Medical Education, Centre for Professional and Advanced studies, Gandhinagar P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, India. Mail Id: pjnasha55@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: American Medical Association first recommended in 1958 that hospital set up Infection Control Committee. Though not widely accepted with modification of original policy in 1976, Infection Control Committee functions effectively to reduce the spread of infectious diseases. Infection control reduces mortality and morbidity due to nosocomial infection.  It helps to maintain employee health and morale. Objectives of Study was to analyse the effectiveness of Infection Control Committee of Pushpa Giri Medical College Hospital Tiruvalla and also to study the function and importance and functions of hospital infection control committee.

Methodology: The study was conducted at Pushpa Giri Medical College Hospital Tiruvalla. The population selected was 2 set of populations which consist of all Infection control committee members and all ward in charge Pushpa Giri Medical College Hospital Tiruvalla as sample. A pre tested questionnaire was used to collect the data and distributed among 15 hospital infection control committee members and 35 wards in charge. The period of study was 45 days from 6-5-2019 to 28-6-2019. The filled in questionnaires were collected, classified and analysed.

Results: The study revealed that the infection control committee is effective. It is vital in rendering service to the patients.  The infection control committee functions efficiently and follows the international guidelines.

Conclusion: The observations revealed that the policies and procedures of this hospital is based on CDC and WHO guidelines. There are too many factors influencing the effectives functioning of Hospital Infection Control Committee.

Keywords: Infection Control Committee; Infectious diseases; Nosocomial infection

Study to Assess the Work Place Violence Against Nurses from Patients in the Emergency Department at Indiragandhi Co- Operative Hospital, Kadavanthra

2023DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Pushpam. J. Chundamalai, Siby Thomas, Thasni S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (4),1637-1649, December 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.002
Pushpam. J. Chundamalai*1, Siby Thomas 2, Thasni S3

Authors:
2Professor and HOD, Department of Hospital Administration, Division of Health Management, School of Medical Education, Centre for Professional and Advanced studies, Gandhinagar P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, India  3Student, Department of hospital administration, Division of health management, School of Medical Education, Centre for Professional and Advanced studies, Gandhinagar P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, India
Corresponding Author:
*1Assistant Professor, Department of hospital administration, Division of health management, School of Medical Education, Centre for Professional and Advanced studies, Gandhinagar P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, India. Mail Id: pjnasha55@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the Study: The aim of this project is to comprehensively identify the extent of workplace violence against nurses from patients in the emergency department. And analyze the prevalence and pattern of workplace violence against nurses, and also identify the effective and supporting management in the hospital. Objective of the study was to study the extent of workplace violence against nurses from patients in the emergency department last 12 months.

Methods: Research design of this study was descriptive. Descriptive research is used to describe characteristic of a population or phenomenon being studied. Purposive sampling is used to select sample from the population. Primary and secondary data were collected from observation and questionnaire were used to collect the data.

Result: A 15 days project study reveals the workplace violence against nurses from patients in the emergency department at Indira Gandhi co-operative hospital Kadavanthara. The study clearly shows that 22% of the nurses are facing verbal workplace violence from patients in the emergency department. The pattern of workplace violence which is mainly verbal was identified. It was also identified that the management was supportive and effective.

Conclusion: Collected data from nurses based on workplace violence through questionnaires represented in tabular columns and drawn graphically. According to this study 22% of nurses are facing the workplace violence, among the all the nurses in the Indira Gandhi co- operative hospital, Kadavanthara.

Keywords: Workplace Violence; Nurses; Emergency Department

Phase Two of Sports Rehabilitation Program for Postoperative Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Case Study

2023DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Yuni Crissa, Beriman Rahmansyah, Lucky Anggiat
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (4),1629-1636, December 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.001
Yuni Crissa1, Beriman Rahmansyah2*, Lucky Anggiat3

Authors:
1,2,3Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Corresponding Author:
*2Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. Mail Id: Beriman.rahmansyah@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background of study: ACL injury is a commonly concerning injury in sports. When an athlete suffers an ACL injury, it can prevent them from returning to their sport and even diminish their performance. Physiotherapists must follow a clear and structured rehabilitation program to track the progress of their patients. This study describes the second phase of an exercise rehabilitation program in one patient after ACL reconstruction surgery with a focus on increasing muscle strength and flexibility.

Methods: This study presents a case report design of a female basketball player who suffered a grade 3 ACL tear. Patients were willing to provide informed consent for their data to be used in a 2-week research study that included 4 physiotherapy sessions.

Result: After four session physiotherapy programs, the pain level of active knee movement decreased 20 mm also increase the range of motion of knee joint with 100 in flexion. The results of the muscle strength measurements also showed an increase in muscle strength and functional ability score with Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was increase 30%.

Conclusion: Implementation of phase two sports injury rehabilitation guidelines for post-ACL reconstruction conditions leads to positive patient outcomes, including reduced pain, increased range of motion, muscle strength, and functional ability.

Keywords: Sports; Injury; Rehabilitation; Physiotherapy; ACL

Effectiveness of Transverse Abdominis Muscle Activation Using Abdominal Draw in Manoeuvre In Combination With Ankle Dorsiflexion In Treatment Of Non-Specific Low Back Pain

2023Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Sujith S, Jomi John, Sreejith P S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science; 9(3); 1618-1628; September 2023. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I03.006

Sujith S1, Jomi John2, Sreejith P S3

Authors:

2Assistant Professor, School of Medical Education, Centre for Professional and Advanced Studies, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India

3Chief Physiotherapist, Mercy Nursing Home, Karukachal PO, Kottayam, Kerala, India.

Corresponding Author:

1Assistant Professor, School of Medical Education, Centre for Professional and Advanced Studies, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India, Mail Id:sujithhavemail@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:  Low back pain is a commonly confronted orthopedic problem. Even though in high prevalence, the source of pain is not established in majority of cases, termed nonspecific low back pain. A major factor in genesis and persistence of nonspecific low back pain isinstability of spine. Transverse abdominis muscle is attributed to play an important role in stabilization of lumbar spine. The purpose of the study is to find out the effectiveness of abdominal draw in manoeuvre in combination with ankle dorsiflexion in strengthening transverse abdominis muscle and its impact on pain and disability in patients with nonspecific low back pain.

Methods: 30 subjects who satisfy the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Subjects were then allocated to two groups-Group A (control group) and Group B (experimental group), with 15 in each group. Subjects in group A received conventional treatment and group B received experimental treatment of abdominal draw in maneuvers in combination with ankle dorsiflexion along with conventional treatment. Transverse abdominis activation was measured using stabilizer, Pain using Visual analogue scale (VAS) and disability by Oswestry disability index (ODI).

Result: Post test scores of experimental and control groups of VAS, ODI and Transverse abdominis activation were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and two sample t test. Data analysis showed a statistically significant improvement in VAS and transverse abdominis activation at 1 % level and ODI showed statistically significant improvement at 5% level.

Conclusion: Low back pain patients who received abdominal draw in manoeuvre in combination with ankle dorsiflexion along with conventional physical therapy showed improvement in transverse abdominis activation, pain as well as disability than control group.

Key words: Low Back Pain; Abdominal draw in Manoeuvre; Ankle Dorsiflexion; Transverse abdominis.

Received on 20th August 2023, Revised on 25thAugust 2023, Accepted on 28thAugust2023 DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.006

To Compare the Effect of Acapella and Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise in Smokers to Increase in Vital Capacity

2023Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Tharani. G, Kamatchi. K, Yuvarani. G, Ranjith Kumar
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science; 9(3); 1607-1617; September 2023. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I03.005
Tharani. G, Kamatchi. K, Yuvarani. G, Ranjith Kumar

Authors:

2,3Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

4BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaCorresponding Author:

1Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Mail Id:tharani.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Vital capacity is a fundamental concept of respiratory physiology, crucial for understanding the mechanics of breathing and the overall health of the respiratory system. Vital capacity represents key measurements that help assess lung function and provide valuable insights into an individual’s respiratory health. Objective of the study is to compare and analyse the effects of Acapella and diaphragmatic breathing exercise in smokers to increase in vital capacity.

Methods: After receiving approval from the Institutions Review Board, this experimental study of a comparative type involving 40 participants was conducted for two months at the Faculty of Physiotherapy department, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute. Upon receiving participation consent, smokers were chosen for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were then divided into two groups using the random sampling technique. Each group had 20 participants, and for an 8-week period, 5 days per week, group A practiced Acapella exercises while group B practiced breathing exercises. Spirometry was used to perform a lung function test before and after the intervention to determine vital capacity.

Result: When comparing the Pretest and Posttest results between Group A and Group B on vital capacity and the FEV1/FVC ratio, it was found that Group A, which engaged in Acapella exercises, improved more than Group B.

Conclusion: This study concludes that compared to diaphragmatic breathing exercises, the Acapella device raised vital capacity in individuals with decreased vital capacity the best. It also improved lung function. Acapella devices can therefore be used as an adjuvant therapy for smokers who have compromised cardiopulmonary functions.

Key Words: Acapella; Pulmonary Function Test; Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise.

Received on 18th August 2023, Revised on 26th August 2023, Accepted on 29th August 2023 DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.005

Effect Of Shockwave Therapy Over Laser Therapy Along with Stretching Exercises on Foot Function Among Plantar Fasciitis Patients

2023Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Jibi Paul, Arun Kumar. M, Sony George, Jeslin Jeba Sheela
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science; 9(3); 1597-1606; September 2023. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I03.004

Jibi Paul1, Arun Kumar. M2, Sony George3, Jeslin Jeba Sheela4

Authors:

2BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

3Chief Physiotherapist, Department of Physiotherapy, PNNM Hospital, Anchalummood, Kollam, Kerala, India

4HOD, Department of Physiotherapy, Scudder College of Allied Health Sciences and Scudder Memorial Hospital, Kelley’s Road, Ranipet, Tamil Nadu, Memorial Hospital, Kelley’s Road, Ranipet, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Mail Id: physiojibi@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Plantar fasciitis is a disorder of connective tissue which support the arch of foot. It results in heel pain and bottom of the foot is usually most severe with first step of the day. Pain is exaggerated by bending the foot and toes upward the skin.  The aim of the study was to compare the effect of shockwave therapy and laser therapy in plantar fasciitis patients along with stretching exercises.

Methodology: It is a Comparative study with Pre and Post type. This study conducted at ACS Medical College and Hospital, Physiotherapy OPD, Velappanchavadi, Chennai. Male and female patients of 30 samples of Age group between 20-60 with plantar fasciitis were selected for this study. They were divided in to Group A with 15 samples and Group B with 15 samples. They were given treatment of Shockwave therapy along with stretching exercises (Group A), Laser therapy along with stretching exercises (Group B) for 3days per week for 4weeks. The patients were with Stabbing pain in bottom of foot, severe pain in bottom of the foot in morning and Limited up motion of ankle.  Pain and Function assessed with Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Foot function Index (FFI).

Result: The study concluded that Group A is more effective than Group B with mean difference of 4.137 and 39.20 respectively in VAS and FFI.

Conclusion: The study showed beneficial results in both groups, the results reflected that the shockwave therapy along with stretching exercises had better improvement on reducing pain and improving the foot function among the plantar fasciitis patients.

Keywords: Plantar fasciitis; Stretching exercise; Shockwave therapy; Laser therapy; Foot function index; Visual analogue scale.

Received on 18th August2023, Revised on 26thAugust 2023, Accepted on 28thAugust2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.004

To Analyze the Impact of Wearing Different Types of Masks and Evaluating Physiological Vital Indicators

2023Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
G. Vaishnavi, U. Elona, Jayakumar. G
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science; 9(3); 1589-1596; September 2023. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I03.003
G.Vaishnavi*1U.Elona2, Jayakumar .G3

Authors:

2BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

3Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author

*1Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Background of the Study: Wearing face mask is recommended as part of personal protective and public health measure to prevent the spread of disease. The analysis framed the four dimensions of the wearing face mask it appears essential for designing more effective health communication about the spread of disease or other global crises in the future. The personal protection using worldwide during this pandemic the impact of covid-19 was felt throughout the world and it’s recommended to use. Aim & Objective of the study is to analyze the impact of wearing different types of masks and evaluating the physiological vital indicators.

Methodology: This observational study was conducted in physiotherapy department of ACS Medical college and hospital. In which 40 subjects were randomly selected were based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjected selected both boys and girls, age group between 18- 30 years adults wearing mask for prolonged period and check the respiratory rate are included for the study. Included samples were with Age group between 18-30years College students, both boys and girls, person who wearing mask for prolonged period.

Result: Total 40 participants were included in the study base on specific selection criteria. Comparative ANOVA between Group A, B, C and D showed significant difference in Respiratory Rate, and no significant difference in Pulse Rate and Blood Pressure between the Groups A, B, C and D. Mean value of Respiratory Rate, Pulse Rate, Blood Pressure shows Group D is Better.

Conclusion: It is concluded there was a significant difference in group D by using ANOVA. This study confirms the impact of wearing different types of masks gives the effective respiratory rate.

Keywords: Mask; Respiratory Rate; Pulse Rate; Blood Pressure; Covid-19; Pandemic.

Received on 16th August2023, Revised on 25thAugust 2023, Accepted on 28thAugust2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.003

Comparative Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Shockwave Therapy on Osteoarthritis of Knee

2023Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Jibi Paul, Saran Kumar. B V, Jeslin Jeba Sheela, Sony George
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science; 9(3); 1580-1588; September 2023. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I03.002

Jibi Paul1, Saran Kumar. B V2, Jeslin Jeba Sheela3, Sony George4

Authors:

2BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

3HOD, Department of Physiotherapy, Scudder College of Allied Health Sciences and Scudder Memorial Hospital, Kelley’s Road, Ranipet, Tamil Nadu, Memorial Hospital, Kelley’s Road, Ranipet, Tamil Nadu, India

4Chief Physiotherapist, Department of Physiotherapy, PNNM Hospital, Anchalummood, Kollam, Kerala, India

Corresponding Author:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Mail id: physiojibi@gmail.com

Abstract

Background of Study: Osteoarthritis (OA) also known as Degenerative Joint disease, is typically the result of wear & tear & progressive loss of articular cartilage. It is most common in elderly age people in above age of 50 to 60& trauma case. Divided into 2 types are Primary osteoarthritis & secondary osteoarthritis. AIM & Objective of the study was to study is to find the comparative Effects of Low-level laser therapy & Shockwave therapy on Osteoarthritis of Knee.

Methodology:  Study Design was Comparative study, post type. Study setting done at ACS Medical college and hospital OPD, Velappanchavadi, Chennai. Total sample size was 30, patients with knee pain. Sampling Method used was Simple random sampling, lottery method to allocate the samples in two groups; Group A:15 and Group B:15. Study conducted for a duration of 4months. Intervention Duration Low Level Laser therapy& Shockwave therapy was3days per week. Inclusion Criteria of age group between 50 TO 60 years, both male & female subjects with Chronic OA, Trauma case & Obesity. Pain, ROM and Function was measured using Visual Analogue Scale, Goniometer and Koos test Pretest &posttest is recorded.

Result: Comparative study between Group A and Group B showed significant difference in VAS and ROM with F value 142.2 and 242.1respectively with P value>0.0001.

Conclusion: On comparing both groups, Group A (Low level laser therapy) and Group B (Shockwave therapy) Group B (shockwave therapy) showed better improvement than Group A (Low level laser therapy) in improvising the functional ability and reducing the pain on the subjects with osteoarthritis.

Key Words: Osteoarthritis of knee; Shockwave therapy; Low level laser therapy; Visual Analogue Scale; Goniometer.

Received on 14th August2023, Revised on 20thAugust 2023, Accepted on 28thAugust2023

DOI: 10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.002

The Correlations Between Sensory Processing Abilities And Gross Motor Skills Among Children Aged 7-10 Years Old

2023Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Pradeep Balakrishnan, Mahfuzan, Izham, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science; 9(3); 1564-1579; September 2023. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I03.001

Pradeep Balakrishnan1, Mahfuzan2, Izham3, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam4

1 2 3School of Health Sciences, KPJ University, Kota Seriemas, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India

Email: 1pradeep@kpjuc.edu.my /physiodeep@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Children who display clumsiness, poor performance in sports or delayed motor milestones may face challenges in gross motor skills. Research has shown many factors that influences Gross Motor Skills such as BMI and physical activity participation. However, few research has shown relationships between sensory processing and gross motor skills. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the correlations between sensory processing abilities and gross motor skills among children aged 7- years old.

Methodology: The study was conducted at a children’s gym and a primary school where 56 typically developing children between ages 7-10 years old were collected. Their parents were given a questionnaire known as the Short Sensory Profile to assess the sensory processing abilities while the subjects were observed by the researcher using the Test of Gross Motor Development – 2 in order to assess the gross motor skills.

Results: The results indicate that there is a significant correlation between sensory processing -abilities and gross motor skills among children aged 7 – 10 years old [p-value < 0.05; p-value = 0.012]. Under the short sensory profile subscales, only the under responsive/sensation seeking was found to be significantly correlated with gross motor skills [p-value <0.01; p-value = 0.003].

Conclusion: Child who faces challenges in gross motor skills could also likely exhibit atypical sensory processing abilities. Therefore, a child should also be screened for deficits in sensory processing when they display poor performance in gross motor skills. However, the results of this study does not imply causation.

Keywords: Poor performance; Motor milestones;Gross Motor Skills;BMI

Received on 10th August2023, Revised on 18thAugust 2023, Accepted on 26thAugust2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.001

 

 

 

Effectiveness of Transverse Abdominis Muscle Activation Using Abdominal Draw in Manoeuvre In Combination With Ankle Dorsiflexion In Treatment of Non-Specific Low Back Pain

2023Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Pradeep Balakrishnan, Mahfuzan, Izham, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science; 9(3); 1618-1628; September 2023. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.005
 

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 20th August 2023, Revised on 25thAugust 2023, Accepted on 28thAugust2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.006

Effectiveness of transverse abdominis muscle activation using abdominal draw in manoeuvre in combination with ankle dorsiflexion intreatment of non specific low backpain

2023Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Pradeep Balakrishnan, Mahfuzan, Izham, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science; 9(3); 1618-1628; September 2023. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I03.005

Effect of Virtual Reality in Gait Parameters Among Stroke- A Systematic Narrative Review

2023Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Amjad Annethattil1*, Mohammad Farraj2, Al-Madzhar Jundam Ahmadul3
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(2), 1547-1563, June 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.008

Amjad Annethattil1*, Mohammad Farraj2, Al-Madzhar Jundam Ahmadul3

Authors:

1 Physiotherapy Specialist, Qatar Rehabilitation institute, Doha, Qatar

2 Physiotherapist, Qatar Rehabilitation institute, Doha, Qatar

3 Director of physiotherapy, Qatar Rehabilitation institute, Doha, Qatar

Corresponding Author: 1*Amjad Annethattil, Email: aannethattil@hamad.qa

Abstract

Background of the study:  Improving the lower limb (LL) motor recovery after stroke is a major task in order to improve the functional ability of the patient. We aim to complete a narrative review to determine the efficacy of virtual reality in Lower limb therapy approaches among post stroke.

Methodology: A literature search was carried out. Overall, 14 Articles with 852 participants were included in the study. The patient who has had a stroke and received intervention virtual reality during practice of the treatment session: 14 studies were included in the review. Data Sources were searched from MEDLIWE, CINAHL and Cochrane library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) from 2000 till 2021.

Result: The stroke patient who received VR interventions has showed improvement in their functional abilities. Various outcome measures were included in the studied Kinematic and kinetic gait parameters, 10 MWT, Functional walking ability, FUGL Meyer assessment(FMA-UE),Action reach arm test (ARAT), Wolf motor function test (WMFT), Box block test (BBT), Functional ambulation classification (FACO), Berg balance scale (BBS), Time up and go (TUG), Mini mental state examination (MMSE), Utrecht scale for evaluation of rehabilitation – participation (USER-P), Stroke specific quality of life(SS-QOL), Fatigue severity scale (FFS).

Conclusion: This systematic narrative review reveals that VR intervention is effective to improve lower limb motor function, gait and balance functions of stroke patients. Virtual reality may allow therapists to deliver more repetitive training with more regular performance feedback and improving motor learning rate.

Key words: Stroke; Balance; Virtual reality; Gait; Rehabilitation

Received on 29th April 2023, Revised on 18th May 2023, Accepted on 30th May 2023 DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I02.008

 

The Effectiveness of Pilates Exercise Vs Floor Exercise on Trunk Muscle Endurance Among Cricketers

2023Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, V. Soundarya, Annie Thomas
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(2), 1531-1546, June 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.007

Jibi Paul, V. Soundarya, Annie Thomas

Authors:

2BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

3Director Physio care and Research Coordinator, School of Health Sciences, Garden City University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Corresponding Author:

1*Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Background of the Study: Cricket is the most popular and most common sport played by men and women in India. Since cricketer’s body demand is often high as players require to bat, bowl, and field at various time throughout the game core endurance plays a vital role. The main objective was to analyze the effectiveness of Pilates exercise vs floor exercise on trunk muscle endurance among cricketers.

Methodology:  30 male cricket players were recruited from Faculty of physiotherapy Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute with the age group of 18-25 years. Cricket players were included after specific selection criteria for the study. Trunk muscle endurance exercises were given to the participants for 8 weeks. McGill’s torso endurance battery test used to measure the trunk muscle endurance before and after the training. The trunk exercise training was given to all cricketers. Both group A and B were independently prescribed exercise performed for alternate days in a week for 30 minutes per day and this would have been followed for 8 weeks. Paired t-test analyses were used to find the significant difference between pre and posttest measurement.

Result: After the analysis, the results revealed significant improvement of trunk muscle endurance in both the groups (P value >0.0001). The Pilates group showed significant results when compared with the floor exercise group.

Conclusion:  The study showed beneficial results in both the groups, the result reflected that the Pilates exercise group had better improvement than the floor exercise group on trunk muscle endurance among cricketers.

Keyword:  Cricketers; Floor exercises; Pilates exercises; Trunk muscle endurance

Received on 29th April 2023, Revised on 19th May 2023, Accepted on 30th May 2023 DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I02.007

A Comparative Study to Find the Effectiveness of Swiss Ball and Thera Band Exercise on Abdominal Girth and Quality of Life of Obese Children

2023Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
K. Kamatchi, S. Balaji, Binita Maria James, Ritheeka.V, Asmath Fathima K.A
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(2), 1421-1430, June 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.006
K. Kamatchi, S. Balaji, Binita Maria James, Ritheeka.V, Asmath Fathima K.A Authors: 2Physiotherapist, Balaji physiotherapy clinic and rehabilitation center, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India 3,4,5BPT Intern, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Corresponding Author: 1Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract Background of study: Obesity refers to a condition of having excessive amount of body fat. The WHO has described obesity as one of today’s most neglected public health problem, affecting every region of the country. The intra-abdominal fat carries a greater health risk than that stored elsewhere in the body. The study was attempted to compare the effectiveness of Swiss ball and Thera band exercise on abdominal girth and quality of life of obesity children. The objective of the study is to find the effectiveness of Swiss ball and Thera band exercise on abdominal girth and quality of life of obesity children. Methodology: This study is an experimental type design, comparative pre-post type. 30 children with obesity were selected and randomly divided into two groups. Children aged 8-12 and whose BMI values were 30-34.9 kg/m², children who had not continued a diet program for 3 months were included in the study. The children with any psychological conditions, or any other weight reduction plan, who cannot do exercise, above 12 and below 8 aged children were excluded in the study. The waist circumference, waist hip ratio and the pediatric   quality of life inventory (Peds QL) was used as outcome measures. The study duration was up to 12 weeks. Result: Group A Swiss ball exercises showed marked improved than the Group B TheraBand exercises. Conclusion. The result of this study showed an improvement in reduction of abdominal girth of obese children. Keyword: Obese child; Waist circumference; Hip -waist ratio; The pediatric quality of life inventory
Received on 28th April 2023, Revised on 18th May 2023, Accepted on 30th May 2023 DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I02.006

Effect of Plank Exercise and Dead Bug Exercise Among Patients with Low Back Pain

2023Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Mariselvam. T, Sathya P, Annie Thomas
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(2), 1509-14520, June 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.005
Jibi Paul, Mariselvam. T, Sathya P, Annie Thomas Authors: 2BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India 3Principal cum Professor, College of Physiotherapy, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 4Director Physio care and Research Coordinator, School of Health Sciences, Garden City University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Corresponding Author: 1Professor,PhD-Program Convener, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Mail Id: physiojibi@gmail.com Abstract Background of the Study:  Lower back   pain is menace of today’s worlds influencing about 80 % of the   population is affected from   low back pain at least once or   twice in their    life span. Dead bug exercise is effective exercise   for promoting   stabilization of   trunk    and   pelvis.  The    study   to   compare   the    effect   of   plank exercise   and   Dead bug   exercise   to reduce    the   low   back    pain.  Aim of the study is to find the Comparative the effect of plank exercise versus dead bug exercise among patients with low back pain. Methodology:  This is   an experimental comparative type study with 30 subjects conducted at ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai for five weeks. The subjects selected for the study got consent   for   participation, the   subjects   were selected based on inclusion and exclusion    criteria, they were assigned into 2 groups, 15   in   each   group   for a duration   of 3   days   per week for 5week, age group between 18-30 years with low back pain more than 2 weeks were included in study.  Group A with plank exercise and group B with   Dead bug   exercise. Pain and function were measured by visual   analogue   scale and   Oswestry disability index. Result: On comparing pre-test and Post-test within Group A & Group B on Visual analogue scale   and ODI scale score shows highly significant difference in Mean values at P ≤ 0.001. Group A shows higher effect than the group B. Conclusion: In our study we found that plank exercise had a significant difference in decreasing a low back pain concluded that plank exercise improves body alignment, flexibility, metabolism, build core strength, balance and coordination. Keywords: Plank exercise; Dead bug exercise; Low back Pain; Core stability
Received on 28th April 2023, Revised on 18th May 2023, Accepted on 30th May 2023 DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I02.005
 

Prevalence of Low Back Ache and Plantar Heel Pain Among College Students: A Cross- Sectional Study

2023Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Judy Ann Jays1, Jomi John 2, Kadija Fursana N3, Megha J4,Kashmeera V Pramod5
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(2), 1498-1508, June 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.004
Judy Ann Jays1, Jomi John 2, Kadija Fursana N3, Megha J4,Kashmeera V Pramod5

Authors:
2Assist.Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India
3,4BPT Intern, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kerala, Kottayam, Kerala, India
5Assistant Professor, department of physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Angamaly, Kerala, India,
Corresponding Author:
1BPT Intern, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kerala, Kottayam, Kerala, India, Mail id:  praise1806@gmail.com

Abstract

Background of the study: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the common global health problems and the major cause of disability affecting performance at work and general wellbeing. Hamstring stiffness could be a possible contributory factor of low back pain. There is increased risk of plantar heel pain when the hamstring is tight. The purpose of the study is to find out whether the young adults have any prevalence of low back pain and plantar heel pain due to hamstring tightness.

Methods: 105 subjects of age group 18–25 year those satisfying the inclusion criteria were recruited for study. After screening the subjects, a written consent form was obtained from each of the subject. The students are sorted on the basis of hamstring tightness using Active knee extension test and the data was collected using valid questionnaire. Low back pain was assessed using Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire and Foot Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) to measure physical function of foot and ankle. Numeric pain rating scale is used to measure the severity of plantar heel pain.

Result: The result of the study shows that, individual with hamstring tightness and plantar heel pain had a greater prevalence of low back pain and there is no significant association between hamstring tightness and plantar heel pain.

Conclusion: The study concluded that hamstring tightness is observed in most of the college students. The present investigation revealed that half of the subjects experience low back pain due to hamstring tightness. Individual with low back pain have an increased incidence of plantar heel pain. The study resulted that there is no relation between hamstring tightness and plantar heel pain in student population.

Key Words: Cross-sectional study; Hamstring tightness; Low Back Ache; Plantar Heel Pain

Received on 28th April 2023, Revised on 12th May 2023, Accepted on 28th May 2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I02.004

Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique on Rectus Femoris Muscle to Reduce Pain and Functional Disability in Patients with Low Back Pain

2023Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Kashmeera V Pramod1, Jince Auguestine2, Deepu C.B3
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(2), 1483-1497, June 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.003
Kashmeera V Pramod1, Jince Auguestine2, Deepu C.B3

Authors:
2Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India
3Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Angamaly, Kerala, India
Corresponding Author:
1Assistant Professor, department of physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Angamaly, Kerala, India, Mail id: kashmeerapramod12@gmail.com

Abstract

Background and objectives: Low back pain is a highly disabling medical condition characterized by pain and discomfort localized to area between the costal margin and inferior gluteal folds, with or without leg pain. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of muscle energy technique on rectus femoris muscle to reduce pain and functional disability in patients with low back pain.

Methods: 30 subjects those fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Subjects were then allocated to two groups- Group A (Control group) and Group B (Experimental group). Subjects in group A received William’s Flexion exercises and subjects in group B received experimental treatment of muscle energy technique on rectus femoris and William’s flexion exercises. Pain and functional disability were measured using Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Oswestry Disability Index before and after the intervention period respectively.

Results: the post test scores of NPRS and ODI of control and experimental group were analysed using two sample t test and paired t test. The data analysed showed statistically significant difference in the post test scores of NPRS and ODI of experimental group over control group at 5% significance level.

Conclusion: The study concluded that muscle energy technique on rectus femoris is effective in reducing pain and functional disability in patients with low back pain.

Keywords: Low Back Pain; Rectus Femoris; Williams Flexion Exercise; Muscle Energy Technique; Oswestry Disability Index

Received on 28th April 2023, Revised on 12th May 2023, Accepted on 26th May 2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.003

Evaluation of Performance Based Impairment of Stroke Patients

2023Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
  G. Velmurugan1, S. Viswanathan2, J. Andrews Milton3, U. Niyamathulla4  
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(2), 1474-1482, June 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.002
  G. Velmurugan1, S. Viswanathan2, J. Andrews Milton3, U. Niyamathulla4   Authors: 2Lecturer in Physiotherapy, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Raja Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India 3Professor and Principal, Bethany Navajeevan College of Physiotherapy, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 4Assoc.Professor, School of Allied Health Sciences, Karaikal, Tamil Nadu, India Corresponding Author: 1PhD Scholar, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu and Professor, Shanmuga College of Physiotherapy, Karaikal, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: physiovelkavin66@gmail.com Abstract Background: Stroke is the leading cause of physical dysfunction. It is imperative to identify the current level of physical activities of stroke patients to plan for effective rehabilitation strategies. Aim of the study was to evaluate the severity of performance impairment of stroke patients using Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Total motor score. Methods: Thirty-seven stroke patients were selected. The performance impairment was evaluated by FMA motor score. Both upper limb (UL) and lower limb (LL) motor function was evaluated. The maximum UL score was 66 and LL score was 34. The relationship of age and duration of condition with FMA motor score was studied by Pearson’s correlation coefficients. The difference in the gender and type of stroke with the FMA motor score was analysed by Mann-Whitney ‘U’ test. Result: The mean FMA total score was 43.81 ± 7.12. The relationship between age and total motor score was not significant with, r = 0.004, p = 0.980. There was no significant relationship between duration of the condition and motor recovery, r = 0.46, p = 0.304 > 0.05. The difference in the gender (z = 0.55, p = 0.579) and type of stroke (z = 0.06, p = 0.956) was not significant with the total motor score. Conclusion: It is concluded that stroke patients have severe performance impairment evaluated by FMA and Total motor score. Motor recovery was not dependent on the age and gender of patients. Keywords: Stroke; Fugl-Meyer Assessment; Upper limb; Lower limb
Received on 26th April 2023, Revised on 10th May 2023, Accepted on 24th May 2023 DOI:10.36678/IJMAES. 2023.V09I02.002
 

Effect of Taping and Foot exercise on Great Toe Angle and Foot Function in subjects with Hallux Valgus

2023Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
M. Manoj Abraham1,V. Pradhap Sankar2, R. Arputha Roja3, R. Nivethitha4
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(2), 1466-1473, June 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.001
M. Manoj Abraham1,V. Pradhap Sankar2, R. Arputha Roja3, R. Nivethitha4

Authors:

1Principal, K G College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

3BPT Intern, K G College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

4PG Student, K G College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author:

2AssistantProfessor, K G College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India,

Email id: pradhapsankar3@gmail.com

Abstract

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a progressive foot deformity manifested with the medial orientation of the first metatarsal bone, lateral deviation of greater toe. The prevalence of hallux valgus is 23%, both male and female are affected. The function of Hallux is to resist the overpronation of foot during the normal foot mechanics. Hallux serves as s provided with Taping techniques and Foot exercise. Objective of the study was to determine the effect of Tapping and Foot exercise on great toe angle and foot function in subjects with Hallux valgus.

Methods: A total of 20 Subjects with Hallux Valgus of both genders, in the age group of 18-65 years were conveniently assigned into 2 groups. Group A (n = 10) received Taping and Foot exercise and Group B (n = 10) received Foot exercise alone, 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks. Foot function were evaluated with Foot function index and Finger Goniometer.

Results: The difference in the post-test mean scores of group A and group B in Foot Function Index was 18.75 and 15.71 and Goniometer was 17.17 and 13.416 respectively. The result showed a significant improvement in Group A than in Group B at p < 0.0001.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the Taping along with foot exercise is better management to improve the Foot Function in subjects with Hallux Valgus.  

Keywords: Foot Exercise; Foot Function Index; Foot Taping; Goniometer; Hallux valgus a fulcrum for forward propulsion. Cause of hallux valgus is multifactorial. Various treatment methods available such as foot exercise, manual therapy techniques, kinesiology taping techniques. In this study subjects provided with Taping techniques and Foot exercise. Objective of the study was to determine the effect of Tapping and Foot exercise on great toe angle and foot function in subjects with Hallux valgus.

Methods: A total of 20 Subjects with Hallux Valgus of both genders, in the age group of 18-65 years were conveniently assigned into 2 groups. Group A (n = 10) received Taping and Foot exercise and Group B (n = 10) received Foot exercise alone, 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks. Foot function were evaluated with Foot function index and Finger Goniometer.

Results: The difference in the post-test mean scores of group A and group B in Foot Function Index was 18.75 and 15.71 and Goniometer was 17.17 and 13.416 respectively. The result showed a significant improvement in Group A than in Group B at p < 0.0001.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the Taping along with foot exercise is better management to improve the Foot Function in subjects with Hallux Valgus.  

Keywords: Foot Exercise; Foot Function Index; Foot Taping; Goniometer; Hallux valgus

Received on 24th April 2023, Revised on 04th May 2023, Accepted on 20th May 2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I02.001

Effect of Blood Flow Restriction Training Program on Strength of Lower Limb in Young Football Players

2023Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul1*, Sathya. P2, R. Santhosh Kumar3
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(1), 1457-1465, March 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.005

Jibi Paul1*, Sathya. P2, R. Santhosh Kumar3

Authors:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

2Principal cumProfessor, College of Physiotherapy, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

3BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author:

*Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: jibipaul74@gmail.com

Abstract

Background of the Study: Football is a sport which involve running activities. The strength of the lower limb determines the efficiency of the football player. There are numeral studies that are done to improve the strength of lower limb. This study has been focussing to evaluate the effectiveness of blood flow restriction training program to improve the strength of lower limb in young football players. The intent of the study is to find out the effects of blood flow restriction training programs to improve the strength of lower limb in young football players.

Methodology: It is an experimental study with 15 football players with age group of 16-21 years were recruited from Dr.M.G.R Educational and Research Institute Velappanchavadi, Chennai. It is a simple random sampling method, collegiate male football players who are not been trained in specific lower limb strengthening program in past 6 months included in this study. Exclusion criteria; Recent fracture of players, Acute inflammation, Hypermobility of joints, any haematological condition.

Results: In this study the strength of the lower limb 1RM (in kg) has increase with mean difference of 17.60 by BFR training with P VALUE > 0.0001. 60m sprint test (in seconds) has reduced with the mean distance of 0.241 by BFR training with P value > 0.0003 both outcomes found effective after BFR training among young football players.

Conclusion: The study concluded that blood flow restriction training program yield the significant improvement in strength and speed of the young football players.

Key Words:   Muscle strength; BFR training; 1RM, 60m sprint test.

Received on 30th January 2023, Revised on 20th  February  2023, Accepted on 27th  February 2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.005

INTRODUCTION  

Football is one of the most popular sport which is played by professional leagues in most of the counties in the recent years. It is the game where players encounter the challenging situations where they have to run fast and tackle the opponent players 1.   During sprinting the hip flexors and knee extensors torque are produced and is opposed by hamstring muscles, hence there are numerous studies done on the muscle strength training to prevent the hamstring and quadriceps strain injury it is statistically state as the highest rate involved injury in the sprinting swing-stance transition2.  

In several years BFR has become popular in Japan and states that BFR training in variety of population should increase in strength and hypertrophy. Recent studies have explored the use of BFR training with low resistance (30% of 1RM) in individuals who cannot tolerate high load resistance training 3.   Football is considered as a physically demanding sport that requires a basic element of strength and power. It involves running, jumping, lower limb strength determines efficiency of football players. Players tend to follow different types of strength training to improve lower limb strength12.

Different types of strength training include traditional strength training aerobic resistance having at 70% of 1RM. In order to achieve strength and hypertrophy. However, athletes busy in their training and match are unable to withstand high intensity training therefore they sort out for low intensity training alternatives. One such alternative method of training is blood flow restriction training also known as KAATSA4, 9.

Hughes et al hypothesized that and ischemic and hypoxic muscular environment is generated during blood flow restriction training that causes high level of metabolic stress and mechanical tension when combined with exercise. Low intensity training with BFR can lead to significant improvement in muscle strength and hypertrophy 5, 7, 8.  

Research in recent years has highlighted that low load exercise can result in muscular hypertrophy and strength gain when it performed using BFR cuffs. This method involves applying an inflatable tourniquet, elastic wraps at the proximal position of limb. In which aim of maintaining arterial inflow and occluding venous outflow from limb during exercise. As arterial walls are rigid and thicken and more resistant to compressive forces and also blood pressure in arteries is more than in veins meaning that higher restrictive pressure is required to occludes arterial blood than venous blood flow 6, 10, 11.  

Aim of the study: To study the effect of blood flow restriction training program on strength of lower limb in young football players.

Need of the Study: Football is a sport which include running as a major part, lower limb plays a vital role in Football. The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of blood flow restriction training program on strength of lower limb in young football players. This study is also important to prove the performance level of footballers after blood flow restriction training program.  

METHODOLOGY  

It is an experimental study with 15 football players with age group of 16-21 years were recruited from Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute Velapanchavadi, Chennai. It is a simple random sampling method, collegiate male football players who are not been trained in specific lower limb strengthening program in past 6 months were included in this study.  

Exclusion criteria: Recent fracture of players, Acute inflammation, Hyper mobility of joints, Any hematological condition  

Material used: BFR cuff, Barbells, Stopwatch were the materials used for the study.  

Outcome Measure: Both groups were assessed for pre and post-test for speed and strength using 60m sprint test and 1RM respectively.  

Procedure:  A total of 15 football players were selected, the subjects were instructed in case any subjects discontinued the exercise program or if he develops any pain or injury during exercise intervention they would be excluded from the study. A total of 4 weeks (16 Sessions) consists of 4 sessions per week. Pre and posttest measurement were recorded.  

Hamstring curl exercise: Subjects were asked to lie in prone on quadriceps table a small towel roll was placed under the femur just proximal to the patella to avoid compression of patella between the treatment table and the femur. Before starting out with protocol the 10RM for both legs of the subject were identified. In prone lying with the resistance of 10RM against the ankle in quadriceps table the subjects flexed the knee to only 90degree as fast as possible in their comfortable pace.   The 10 RM of the subjects were re-checked every week and the percentage of the exercise load was adjusted according to training protocol.  

Quadriceps curl exercise: The subjects were asked to sit in leg extension machine before starting the training protocol. The 10RM of the subjects were identified the percentage of the load were given to the subject based on the sets and repetition which is given in the table.  

Nordic exercise: The subject was in kneeling position on exercise mat and attempted to resist a forward-falling motion using the hamstring to maximize loading in the eccentric phase. The subjects kept their hips fixed in a slightly flexed position throughout the range of motion, and to break forward fall for as long as possible using their hamstring and to let go they had to use arm and hands to buffer the fall let the chest touch forward and immediately get back to the starting position by forcefully pushing with their hands to minimize loading in the concentric phase.

  Barbell Squat with BFR Cuff:

  • Set a bar in a rack just below shoulder height and load the weight plates.
  • Grab the bar with hands just outside shoulder width, step under and rest the barbell on your back.
  • Lift the bar off the rack by pushing up with the legs and take a step back from the rack. Set your feet shoulder-width apart, bend at the knees slightly, pull in your lower abs, and set your head in line with your spine, keeping eyes forward.
  • Once positioned correctly begin the squat by bending at the knees and hips together to lower your body. Keep your heels flat on the floor
  • Strongly push yourself back up to the starting position mirroring the descent.

        Lunges With BFR Cuff  

  • Stand up straight with a dumbbell in each hand. Hang your arms at your sides. Palms should face the thighs (hammer grip). Feet should be a little less than shoulder-width apart.
  • Take a big step forward with either leg, bending at the knee until the front thigh approaches parallel to the ground, landing on the heel. Inhale as you go down. The rear leg is bent at the knee and balanced on the toes. For the leg you step forward with, don’t let the knee go past the tip of the toes.
  • Step back to your standing starting position while exhaling.
  • Repeat the motion with the other leg. Alternate legs until the exercise program set is complete. A number to aim for is eight to 12 lunges per set and two to three sets in a workout.

      Hamstring Curl with BFR Cuff

  • Adjust the seated leg curl machine to position the footpad just above your heels.
  • Sit upright and engage your abs as you position your legs in front of you.
  • Begin to curl your legs back slowly towards you and flex your calf muscles as you do so.

       Leg Press with BFR Cuff

  • Brace your abdominal muscles and push the platform away with your heels and forefoot. Your heels should remain flat on the footplate. The front of your foot or toes should never be used exclusively to move the pad forward.
  • While exhaling, extend your legs and keep your head and back flat against the seat pad. Extend with slow control rather than with an explosive movement.
  • Pause at the top of the movement. Do not lock out your knees and ensure that they are not bowing out.
  • While inhaling, return the footplate to the starting position by gradually bending the knees. Keep the feet and back flat throughout.
  • If you have never done leg presses before, start modestly with three sets of 10 leg presses. You can advance from there as you build strength.

                                                                            

Exercise Intervention
  Weeks     Sessions   No. ofsets   No of repetitions   Load (% of 10RM)
  WEEK 1             1 1 15   20
2 1 15
3 4 1 1 15 15
  WEEK 2 5 1 15   20
6 1 15
7 8 2 2 10 10
  WEEK 3 9 2 12   30
10 2 12
       11 12 2 2 15 15
  WEEK 4     13 3 10   40  
14 3 12
15 16 3 3 12 12
         

 Test Procedure: Prior to Pre-test Measurements subjects under gone 8 minutes of warm up protocol includes 5 minutes of stretching (lower limb group muscles) and 3 minutes of jogging. The Subjects instructed to wear comfortable clothing during the test. Pre-test was conducted in 2 sessions. The First session included an Introduction of the testing protocols to the subjects. The Second session included the Measurements of speed and strength. Pre-test measurements was measured a week before commencement of the 1st training session for both the Post-test measurements were recorded after 3 days of the16thsession.

Test measurements   Dependent Variable: 1RM in kg is used to measure the strength of the lower limb in young football players. 60m sprint test is used to test the speed of the football players.

Measurements Technique and Test Procedure: 1RM strength test in kg: subject was asked to perform the barbell squat of their maximum weight capacity. 1RM of subject were measured.       60M strength test: subject was asked to sprint for the distance of 60m and the timing in seconds were noted using the stopwatch.

Training protocols: Subjects was given 5minutes of warm-up exercise every day prior to the session warm up, session included free exercise & stretching for lower limb muscles. After every set of repetitions in both techniques, 2 minutes of rest interval was given to all the subjects. Post strengthening session, cool down exercise in the form of stretching for lower extremity muscle was given to all subjects.  

Data Analysis and Interpretation      

Strength Test    

Strength of Lower Limb 1RM in kg   Mean Number of Pairs   Mean Diff. SD, SEM df T P value Sig. Diff. (P < 0.05)
Pre-Test 44.73 15 17.60 3.312   0.855 14 20.58 <0.0001 ****
Post Test 62.33

 Table 1: Paired t test on blood flow restriction training program within the Group on the effectiveness of blood flow restriction training in young footballers.       The above table 1 shows significant difference in Strength of Lower Limb muscles on effectiveness of blood flow restriction training with P value >0.0001.    

Speed test      

Speed 60m sprint in seconds   Mean Number of Pairs Mean Diff. SD, SEM df T P value Sig. Diff. (P<0 .05)
Pre-Test 8.630 15 0.2413 0.1952   0.0504 14 4.789 0.0003 ***
Post Test 8.389

Table 2: Paired t test on blood flow restriction training program within the Group on effectiveness of blood flow restriction training in young footballers.       The above table 2 shows significant difference in Speed test on effectiveness of blood flow restriction training in young footballers with P value >0.0003.  

RESULT  

In this study Strength of Lower Limb 1RM in kg has increased with mean difference of 17.60, by blood flow restriction training among young footballers with P value >0.0001. Speed 60m sprint in seconds has reduced with mean difference of 0.241, by blood flow restriction training among young footballers with P value >0.0003.   Both outcomes found effective after blood flow restriction training among young footballers. The study was performed to study the effectiveness of blood flow restriction training program to improve the strength of lower limb in young football players. A total of 15 players were included in this study.

There was significant improvement in lower limb muscle strength than the speed. But the study shows overall improvement in both the strength and speed of young football players. On pre and post-test analysis, there is significant difference between the p value of pre and post-test measurement indicates that the blood flow restriction training program on 4 weeks of intervention.   The sport which involves running and jumping activities it’s important to improve muscle strength. Hence, the low load intensity training with blood flow restriction cuffs can enhance the lower limb strength and speed of players.   Therefore, the blood flow restriction training program plays a significant role in improving muscle strength and speed in young football players. On comparing the mean value of speed and strength test shows significant improvement in post-test mean values.  

DISCUSSION  

A total of 15 players were included in this study. There was significant improvement in lower limb muscle strength than the speed. The study shows overall improvement in both the strength and speed of young football players. On pre and post-test analysis, there is significant difference between the p value of pre and post-test measurement indicates that the blood flow restriction training program on 4 weeks of intervention.  

The sport which involves running and jumping activities it’s important to improve muscle strength. Hence, the low load intensity training with blood flow restriction cuffs can enhance the lower limb strength and speed of players. Therefore, the blood flow restriction training program plays a significant role in improving muscle strength and speed in football players.

Ethical clearance: Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical Institutional Review Board of Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR.  Educational and Research Institute, Chennai with reference No: B-39/PHYSIO/IRB/ 2019-2020 approval letter dated 07/01/2020.  

Conflicts of Interest: There is no conflict of interest to conduct and publish this study.  

Fund for the study: The research scholars declared that the expense towards conduct of this study was taken care by them only  

CONCLUSION

The present study concluded that blood flow restriction training program yield the significant improvement in strength and speed of the young football players. Superiorly the strength of the lower limb muscles shows significant improvement that the speed the result suggest that the blood flow restriction training is effective in improving the strength and speed of the young football players.

The most important finding of the study is blood flow restriction training program can significantly improve the players performance.  

REFERENCES  

  1. Ivan Z. Anatomy, Physiology and biomechanics of hamstrings injury in football and effective strength and flexibility exercises for its prevention. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 2012;7(1):208-S217.
  2. Sun Y, Wei S, Zhong Y, Fu W, Li L, Liu Y. How joint torques affect hamstring injury risk in sprinting swing–stance transition. Medicine & Science in Sports
  3. P. L loennek, J.M. Wilson potential safety issues with blood flow restriction training. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011 Aug; 21(4):510-8.
  4. Loenneke JP, Young KC, Fahs CA, Rossow LM, Bemben DA, Bemben MG. Blood flow restriction: rationale for improving bone. Med Hypotheses. 2012 Apr;78(4):523-7
  5. Madarame H, Neya M, Ochi E, Nakazato K, Sato Y, Ishii N. Cross-transfer effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Feb; 40(2):258-63.
  6. Huonker M, Halle M, Keul J. Structural and functional adaptations of the cardiovascular system by training. Int J Sports Med. 1996 Nov;17 Suppl 3: S164-72.
  7. Fahs CA, Rossow LM, Loenneke JP, Thiebaud RS, Kim D, Bemben DA, Bemben MG. Effect of different types of lower body resistance training on arterial compliance and calf blood flow. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2012 Jan;32(1):45-51.
  8. Pope ZK, Willardson JM, Schoenfeld BJ. Exercise and blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Oct;27(10):2914-26.
  9. Cook, C, J., Kilduff, L, P., & Labarbera, K.E. neuromuscular function after a bout of low-load blood flow-restricted exercise. Medicine and science in sports and exercise 45(1),67-74,2013.
  10. Cook SB, Clark BC, Ploutz-Snyder LL.Effects of exercise load and blood-flow restriction on skeletal muscle function. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Oct;39(10):1708-13.
  11. Manini, T.M & Clark, B.C. blood flow restricted exercise and skeletal muscle health. Exercise and sport science reviews.37(2), 78-85.2009
  12. Loenneke, J.P., Thiebaud, R, S., fahs, C.A., Rossow, L.M., Abe, T., & Bemben., M.G, blood flow restriction does not result in prolonged decrements in torque. European journal of applied physiology 113(4), 923-931.2013.
  13. Abe, T., kawamoto, k., yasuds, T., keams, C., Midorikawa, T., & sato, Y, eight days KAATSU- resistance training improved sprint but not jump performance in collegiate male track and field athletes. International journal of KAATSU training research 1(1), 19-23.2005.
  14. Abe,T., Yasuda, T., Midorikaw., T., sato, Y.,keams, C.F., Inoue, K.,kiozumi, K., & ishi, N, skeletal muscle size and circulating IGF-1 are increased after two weeks of twice daily KAATSU resistance training. International journal of KAATSU training research1(1), 6-=12.2002.
  15. Fry, C.S., Glynn, E.L., Drummond, M.J., Timmerman, K.L., Fujita, S., Abe, T., Dhanani, S, Volpi, E., Rasmussen, B, B., Blood flow restriction exercise stimulates Mtorc1 signaling and muscle protein synthesis in older men. Journal of applied physiology 108(5), 1199-1209.2010.
  16. Loenneke, J.P. & pujpl, T, J. the use of occlusion training to produce muscle hypertrophy. Strength and conditioning journal. 2009; 31(3), 77-84.
  17. Yasuda T, Fujita S, Ogasawara R, Sato Y, Abe T. Effects of low-intensity bench press training with restricted arm muscle blood flow on chest muscle hypertrophy: a pilot study. Clin Physiol Functional Imaging. 2010 Sep;30(5):338-343.

Citation: 

Jibi Paul, Sathya. P, R. Santhosh Kumar(2023).   Effect of blood flow restriction training program on strength of lower limb in young Football Players , ijmaes; 9 (1); 1457-1465.

Awareness and Perception on Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy for Covid-19 Patients among the Alumni Physiotherapists from KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai

2023Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Pradeep Balakrishnan1*, Deepa Kalaichelvan2, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam3, Nurshazana Akmal Jamaludin4
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (1), 1443-1456, March 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I04.004

Pradeep Balakrishnan1*, Deepa Kalaichelvan2, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam3, Nurshazana Akmal Jamaludin4

Authors:

1,2School of Health Sciences, KPJ University College, Kota Seriemas, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

3Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India

4Department of Physiotherapy, University Teknology MARA, Kampus Bertam, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

Corresponding Author:

*Lecturer, School of Health Sciences, KPJ University College, Kota Seriemas, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, Mail Id: pradeep@kpjuc.edu.my

Abstract

Introduction: In the respiratory management and physical recovery of Covid-19 cases, physical therapy may be necessary. The spectrum of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy is limited to acute provision without referral to an outpatient physiotherapy clinic for patients with cardiorespiratory problems. In community settings, a limited number of physiotherapists practicing further restricting the scope. The objective of this research is to identify the awareness and perception of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients among the alumni physiotherapists from KPJ Healthcare University College.

Method: A cross-sectional online survey study among the alumni physiotherapists from KPJ Healthcare University College. 80 male and female alumni physiotherapists from Diploma Cohort 1 to 10 are selected as they would have at least 5 years and above working experience and is considered competent and reliable scientific evidence for this study. Sampling technique used for this research is convenience sampling better known as a non-probability sampling technique. Sample size is determined by using Slovin’s Formula. Questionnaire related to research topic is distributed via Google Docs. Descriptive statistics is done using SPSS version 26.

Results: This study shows majority had good knowledge, awareness and their perceptions from their own perspectives as a physiotherapist as well as an ordinary man.

Conclusion: Chest physical therapy can help to improve physical health from an acute illness. In conclusion, this study was able to determine the awareness and gauge the perception of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients among physiotherapists.

Key Words  Cardiorespiratory; Covid-19; Physiotherapist; Chest physiotherapy; Slovin’s Formula

Received on 25th January 2023, Revised on 16th  February  2023, Accepted on 26th  February 2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.004

INTRODUCTION  

Coronavirus better known as Covid-19 traces back from Wuhan, China in December 2019. This virus has spread throughout the world. Even though, the Chinese government had adopted a strategy to stop this epidemic, it still exists in the world (Jiménez-Pavón et al., 2020). Now, Covid-19 has become a global pandemic, with statistical report taken from World Health Organization (WHO) stating 66,243,918 confirmed cases, 1,528,984 deaths and 46,723,472 by the 7th. December 2020 all around the world 1-3.  

Coronaviruses (CoV) are known to cause serious issues and sometimes is fatal. Some of the pulmonary diseases such as, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) (Gohel et al., 2020a). The latest type of coronavirus in 2019 belongs to the β species of coronavirus, preliminary scientific reports revealed that, Covid-19 would be possibly spread via animals to humans but current findings state that human to human transmission is possible via respiratory droplets and close contact. It can be found in human respiratory epithelial cells within 96 hours. It first attacks the lungs and induces the formation of serous, fibrin exudate and hyaline membrane in the alveoli 4-6.  

The incubation period of Covid-19 is 2-14 days (Lauer et al., 2020). The initial symptoms would appear as fever, cough, shortness of breath, trouble breathing, pain or pressure in the chest, fatigue, myalgia or arthralgia, confusion, bluish lips or face. Individuals whom are infected with Covid-19 have high possibilities of getting similar influenza symptoms of respiratory tract infection such as pyrexia of 89%, coughing of 68%, severe fatigue of 38%, increased production of mucus of 34% and shortness of breath (SOB) of 19% (Shamsi et al., 2020).   This research is done since there might be less awareness on the importance of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients among physiotherapists. For patients hospitalised with Covid-19, physical therapy management includes elements of respiratory assistance and active mobilisation. Recommendation for respiratory assistance, described as the proactive approach to minimising respiratory symptoms during the acute phase of a pulmonary disorder 7,8. Yet, because of a lack of clinical objectives in patients with critical illness due to Covid-19, physiotherapist management for respiratory support and active mobilisation is not needed (S. Levey Andrew et al., 2002).  

The research gap of this is, there are not many research being done on this topic. But it is understood that, in the treatment of acute and chronic respiratory conditions, chest physical therapy focuses on improving the restoration of physical health following an acute illness 9,10. In the respiratory management and physical recovery of Covid-19 cases, physical therapy may be necessary (Shamsi et al., 2020).   One issue to take note, there are very few and difficulty in identifying physiotherapist who have treated and is treating Covid-19 patients. According to (S. Levey Andrew et al., 2002), the specialisation of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy was the least recorded by participants. According to the study (Silva et al., 2020), Covid- 19 results in poor respiratory compliance and significant improvements in lung function, as well as hypoxia and cardiovascular consequences. These alterations require the use of physiotherapy as well as the administration of oxygen therapy and ventilatory support (both invasive and non-invasive) for these patients 11-13.

On top of that,cardiorespiratory physiotherapy seems to be meant for patients who have difficulty clearing secretions, as well as for hyper-secretive patients with chronic respiratory diseases (Thomas et al., 2020, Simonelli et al., 2020). As a researcher, the purpose is to understand what are the perception and awareness of medical professionals on the importance of cardiorespiratory treatment for Covid-19 patients.   The lack of training and incompetency may explain this. Training applicable to cardiorespiratory physiotherapy is not standardised. In the health care system, the position of the physiotherapist is minimised, with no direct access to the service. The spectrum of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy is limited to acute provision without referral to an outpatient physiotherapy clinic for patients with cardiorespiratory problems 17-19. In community settings, a limited number of physiotherapists practising further restricting the scope.  

Justification of Study :  Physiotherapist age ranged from 21-40 years old is the noticeable target population giving physiotherapy intervention for Covid-19 patients in hospitals. The aim of the study is to create awareness and gauge the perception of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients among physiotherapists. These techniques provide health officials with useful knowledge when it comes to assessing the effectiveness of current exposure and prevention efforts. It is possible

Specific Objectives: 1) To analyze the awareness of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients among the alumni physiotherapists from KPJ Healthcare University College. 2)To analyze the perception of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients among the alumni physiotherapists from KPJ Healthcare University College. 3)To identify the effects of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy treatment for Covid-19 patients14-16.

  Significance Of Study: The findings of this study will redound the benefits of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients of all ages. The greater demand for physiotherapy graduates justifies for more effective chest physiotherapy for them Covid-19 patients.   In the respiratory treatment and recovery of patients with Covid-19, physiotherapy plays a crucial role. A cardiorespiratory therapist plays a valuable role in the treatment of confirmed or suspected Covid-19 patients 20-22. The predominant characteristic of this disorder is dyspnea where inspiratory muscle training and breathing techniques can be helpful for improving dyspnea (Jangra MK, Saxena A. Significance of physiotherapy in “SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: An Epidemic” Ann Thorac Med 2020;15:179-80).   The result of this study can be included as a treatment protocol in the future and create awareness in healthcare and general population and also it can be included in the academic syllabus for life-long learning purposes

RESULTS

Demographic Data: This section examines the respondents’ various demographic features. There are supporting tables and statistics, as well as comparable data since from Wuhan, China, in December 2019 to date and wherever valid information is obtained. The demographic data collected included gender, age, marital status and source of info about Covid-19.  

Respondents’ gender: The male and female of student alumni of Diploma in Physiotherapy from KPJ Healthcare University College were chosen to participate in this study. These graduates were chosen for this study based on their willingness to volunteer and their availability. The inclusion of both male and female participants was intended to decrease bias in this study. The pie chart below (see Figure 4.2.1) represent the total numbers of both male 32.8% (20) and female 67.2% (41) participated in this study.   The number of female participants was found to be greater than the number of male participants. This was due to the availability and the number of participants targeted for this study. All participants had answered the exact identical questionnaire distributed in an attempt to minimize any potential gender bias.          

Variables n (%)
Gender    
Male 20 32.8
Female 41 67.2

      Table 1 Distribution of gender among the participants n=61.    

Respondents’ ages

These group of age was chosen since this study requires alumni from Diploma in Physiotherapy from cohort 1 until 10. The respondents’ age were in three ranges       which are 67.2% (41) were 20-29; 32.8% (20) were 30-39. There were no respondents’ 40 above years of age (see figure 4.2.1).    

Age (years)    
20 – 29 41 67.2
30 – 39 20 32.8

  Table 2 Distribution of age (years) among the respondents n=61.            

Source of info about Covid-19

Variables n (%)
Source                  of     info     about Covid-19
Social Media 36 59.0
TV / Radio 10 16.4
Workplace 15 24.6

Table 3 Distribution of source of info about Covid-19 among the participants n=61.   Above table shows 59% (36) via social media; 16.4% (10) via TV or radio; and 24.6% (15) at workplace.

Descriptive Statistical Analysis    

Awareness And Knowledge Items: The awareness and knowledge of physiotherapist about Covid-19 items collected includes seven items. As listed, respondents have treated Covid-19 patients; improvement from the physiotherapy treatment; presence of breathing exercise; specific treatments given; prognosis after giving breathing exercise; incubation period of Covid-19; and increased risk of Covid-19 for healthcare workers and elderly people of 65 year and above.      

Respondents have treated Covid-19 patients

Variables n (%)
Respondents                      have         treated Covid-19 patients.
Yes 15 24.6
No 46 75.4

Table 4 Distribution of whether respondents have treated Covid-19 patients.     Above table shows 24.6% (15) have treated and 75.4% (46) have not treated.  

Improvement from the physiotherapy treatment   Represents got improvement from the physiotherapy treatment. Of the respondents, 80.0% (16) shows improvement from physiotherapy treatment but 20.0% (4) stating there is no improvement.    

Variables n (%)
Improvement                         from            the physiotherapy treatment
Yes 16 80.0
No 4 20.0

Table 5 Distribution of improvement from the physiotherapy treatment.

Presence of breathing exercise

Variables n (%)
Presence of breathing exercise
Yes 17 89.5
No 2 10.5

 Table 6 Distribution of the presence of breathing exercise Above table shows 89.5% (17) given breathing exercise and 10.5% (2) not given breathing exercise.  

Variables n (%)
The specific treatments given
1 treatment 4 20.0
2  treatments 3  treatments 4  treatments Other treatment(s) 2 7 4 3 10.0 35.0 20.0 15.0

Table 7 Distribution of the specific treatments given.  

Specific treatment group shows 20.0% (4) 1 treatment; 10.0% (2) 2 treatments; 35.0% (7) 3 treatments; 20.0% (4) 4 treatments; and 15.0% (3) other treatment(s).      

Prognosis after giving breathing exercise to Covid-19 patients

Variables n (%)
Prognosis after giving breathing exercise to Covid-19 patients
Good 11 55.0
Fair 9 45.0

Table 8 Distribution prognosis after giving breathing exercise to Covid-19 patients.      

Incubation period of Covid-19  

Variables n (%)
Incubation period of Covid-19
3 – 5 days 1 1.6
1 – 7 days 0 – 14 days 6 – 10 days 6 46 8 9.8 75.4 13.1

 Table 9 Distribution of incubation period of Covid-19  

Higher risk of Covid-19 for healthcare workers and elderly people of 65 year above  

Variables n (%)
 
Yes 61 100.0

Table 10 Distribution for higher risk of Covid-19 for healthcare workers and elderly people of 65 year and above. Higher risk of Covid-19 for healthcare workers and elderly people of 65 year and above.

Perception Items

The perception of physiotherapist about Covid-19 items collected included four items. As listed the four agreeableness, practicing respiratory hygiene can prevent Covid-19; avoid going to work if suspicious symptoms appear; benefits of breathing exercise for Covid-19 patients; and importance of chest physiotherapy for discharged from the hospital Covid-19 patients.  

 Practicing respiratory hygiene can prevent Covid-19  

Variables n (%)
Practising respiratory hygiene can prevent Covid-19
Strongly agree (SA) 46 75.4
Agree (A) Undecided (U) 11 4 18.0 6.6

Table 11 Distribution of practicing respiratory hygiene can prevent Covid-19 Above table shows the respondents, 75.4% (46) strongly agreed; 18.0% (11) agreed; and yet 6.6% (4) still undecided. No respondents disagreed.    

Avoid going to work if suspicious symptoms appear

Variables n (%)
Avoid                     going       to      work       if suspicious symptoms appear
Strongly agree (SA) 35 57.4
Agree (A) Undecided (U) 24 2 39.3 3.3

Table 12 Distribution of avoid going to work if suspicious symptoms appear. Above table shows 57.4% (35) strongly agreed; 39.3% (24) agreed; and yet 3.3% (2) still undecided. No respondents disagreed.

Benefits of breathing exercise for Covid-19 patients

Variables n (%)
Benefits of breathing exercise for Covid-19 patients
Strongly agree (SA) 17 27.9
Agree (A) Undecided (U) 34 10 55.7 16.4

Table 13 Distribution of benefits of breathing exercise for Covid-19 patients Above table shows, 27.9% (17) strongly agreed; 55.7% (34) agreed; and yet 16.4% (10) still undecided. No respondents disagreed.

Importance of chest physiotherapy for discharged Covid-19 patients

Variables n (%)
Importance                            of               chest physiotherapy                  for     discharged Covid-19 patients
Strongly agree (SA) 32 52.5
Agree (A)   Undecided (U) 23 6 37.7 9.8

  Table 14 Distribution of the importance of chest physiotherapy for discharged from the hospital Covid-19 patients     

Above table shows 52.5% (32) strongly agreed; 37.7%, (23) agreed; and yet 9.8% (6) still undecided. No respondents disagreed.     This chapter sets out the findings and discussion, limitation and recommend-ations for further research. It focuses on reviews, opinions and recommendations of researchers. In this chapter will also set out a brief discussion of the findings through the objective and aim with the effect as the outcome of the study, where the significance of the study is explained. The findings of the study are discussed according to the information from the results obtain.  

DISCUSSION  

Demographic

Data: In this light of the virus’s worldwide impact and media attention, this current study was aimed to determine to identify the awareness and perception of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients among the alumni physiotherapists from KPJ Healthcare University College. This current study discovered that, the majority of male and female alumni physiotherapists from KPJ Healthcare University College came to know about Covid-19 via social media about 59%, 36 out of 61 of the respondents 23,24.  

Another overview led in Pakistan detailed that social media (87.68%) stayed the essential source of data among medical care experts (Saqlain et al., 2020a). Study by (Gohel et al., 2020b) signifies that the majority of students obtained the knowledge of Covid-19 by 65.17% also via social media. According to this onlinesurvey study, it is found that only 24.6%, 15 out of 61 from the alumni respondents have treated Covid-19 patients. Possibilities leading to this percentage is maybe due to most Covid-19 cases are often sent to the government hospitals or the specific Covid-19 isolation centres and many of them are in scattered location or centres where they are told not to accept Covid-19 patients.  

Awareness And Knowledge of Physiotherapist About Covid-19: Moving on to the second part of the discussion which is based on the awareness and knowledge of physiotherapist about Covid-19. The instructions given in the circulated questionnaire does not require all the participants to answer on the improvement from the physiotherapy treatment, 80.0%, 16 out of 20 have indicated, meaning extra by 5 respondents whom have answered on the improvement as per their awareness and knowledge 25-27.  

Besides that, the survey alumni respondents by 89.5%, 17 out of 19 emphasizes on the importance of breathing exercise to be given to the Covid-19 patients. (H. M. Zhao et al., 2020) recommends breathing exercise to be included as one of the respiratory rehabilitation intervention. As for, mild symptoms of Covid-19 diaphragmatic breathing technique is found to be effective. Adding on to that, breathing exercise comprises posture management, adjustment of breathing rhythm, thoracic expansion training, mobilization of respiratory muscle groups, and other activities. Looking back at post Covid-19 patients, an expert review by (Sun et al., 2020) investigated there will be on the off chance that a patient has respiratory-related side effects, the breathing example preparing and sputum preparing ought to be designated related to the assessment results. The current finding from the awareness and knowledge item, 55.0%, 11 respondents has come to a conclusion of good prognosis is noticeable after breathing exercise whereas, 45.0%, 9 respondents only justifies it. Clearly, no respondents have said likewise regarding the breathing exercise treatment 28.   Initially given treatments are breathing exercise, chest percussion, ambulation, chest mobility and others.

According to the descriptive statistical analysis, the treatments are classified into five categories. As per listed is 1 to 4 treatments and others. Results are 1 treatment (20.0%); 2 treatments (10.0%); 3 treatments (35.0%); 4 treatments (20.0%); and other treatment (15.0%). As for the others with 3 respondents, first three choices and one add on (breathing exercise; ambulation; chest mobility; 6 minute walking test). Secondly, one choice and one add on (chest percussion; suction). Thirdly, four choices with one add on (breathing exercise; chest percussion; ambulation; chest mobility; spirometer or Voldyne). A written management strategy added that ACAPELLA could be beneficial for Covid-19 patients on mechanical ventilation where it can assist in increasing the dynamic lung compliance immediately. In order to reduce complications in Covid-19 ICU patients, they advised to perform active movement of the upper and lower limb accordingly.   It is found that majority by 75.4%, 46 out of 61 respondents have the awareness of the incubation period of Covid-19 is 0-14 days. Interestingly, there are several studies on this item.

Other cross-sectional surveys in Pakistan (Saqlain et al., 2020b), China (Zhong et al., 2020), and Iran (Taghrir et al., 2020) yielded 96.38%, 66.40%, and 85.4% correct answers concerning the incubation time, respectively. Relatively, 96.19% of healthcare workers have specified the viral incubation period is 1-14 days. This period is critical to be quarantines for 14 days until symptoms are shown or upon receiving the lab reports (Qadah, 2020). A research done in Vietnam (Bui et al., 2020) supports the existing guidelines of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It is found that such as, extreme cases the quarantine period should at least be more than three weeks. According to the data analysis by (Lauer et al., 2020) estimation median of the incubation period is 5.1 days and symptoms may persist in 12 days of infection. Yet, concludes 14 days is best as it is supported with clear evidences 29,30.  

Utmost of the respondents of this survey have the understanding about the risk level of Covid-19 for healthcare workers and those of 65 years and above. Again several previous studies are made, geriatrics and those with medical history, according to the majority are more susceptible to Covid-19 (Gohel et al., 2020a). A cross-sectional online survey among the general population of the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) and Egyptians revealed that geriatrics have a higher morbidity level attributable to Covid-19 infection, respectively (Abdelhafiz et al., 2020; Rubin & Crowe, 2020).  

Perception Of Physiotherapist About Covid-19: Final part in this chapter is discussion, the perception of physiotherapist about Covid-19. Likert scale is used here for data descriptive statistical analysis. This current study, majority have strongly agreed; agreed; or stay undecided, no respondents disagreed according to their individual perception.   Starting with the importance practicing respiratory hygiene can prevent the spread of Covid-19, 75.4% strongly agreed; 18.0% agreed; 6.6% still undecided. According to the same previous survey conducted in India, over 73.15% perceive that wearing a surgical face mask can protect them from becoming infected with Covid-19.

“Consistently wearing a face mask is highly effective in protecting you from getting infected with the new coronavirus”, this exact statement was given by community members of East Asian ethnicity in a previous discussed study carried out in The US and UK. Followed by, absent to work if suspicious symptoms appear, 57.4% strongly agreed; 39.3% agreed; 3.3% still undecided. In contrast to that, (Cossarizza et al., 2020) had figures out that people who are asymptomatic or mildly sick yet infectious still continues working which results in infecting others 31,32.   The statistical analysis on benefits of breathing exercise for Covid-19 patients in this study is, 27.9% strongly agreed; 55.7% agreed; 16.4% still undecided. In a letter (Yu et al., 2020) reported despite having only dry cough, early use of airway clearance techniques is recommended in order to promote lung ventilation for the sputum to be mobile.

Similarly, the importance of chest physiotherapy for discharged Covid-19 patients is determined in this study. Of the respondents, 52.5% strongly agreed; 37.7% agreed; 9.8% still undecided.   As Covid-19 is transcendently a respiratory infection with extreme cases needing ventilator support. Besides that, in the survivors, a range of pulmonary symptoms ranging from dyspnea to fibrotic lung damage has been observed to continue for up to 6 months post-infection. Respiratory therapy, is recommended (Scheiber et al., 2021). Also, (Raveendran & Misra, 2021) emphasizes the post-Covid patient to be on a customised and supervised exercise program that includes aerobic and resistance activities and chest physiotherapy.  

Ethical clearance: Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical Institutional Review Board of School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai with reference No-KPJUC/RMC/SOHS/ EC/2021/335 approval letter dated 01/04/2021.  

Conflicts of Interest: There is no conflict of interest to conduct and publish this study.  

Fund for the study: This is self-funded study, no fund received from any organization.  

CONCLUSION   Covid-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV- 2) which leads to viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recently, it is found that this virus is not only transmitted via respiratory system droplets and close contact but is now air-borne too. Chest physical therapy can help to improve physical health from an acute illness. In conclusion, this study was able to determine the awareness and gauge the perception of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy for Covid-19 patients among physiotherapists. On top of that, cardiorespiratory physiotherapy is essential throughout a patient’s stay in the hospital.   However, the hospital physiotherapy team must be well-oriented and reduce infection risk and provide the best patient care. As a result, majority had good knowledge, awareness and their perceptions from their own perspectives as an ordinary man. This research can be a guiding light during this pandemic situation for all the budding physiotherapists.

 REFERENCES

  1. Abdelhafiz, A. S., Mohammed, Z., Ibrahim, M. E., Ziady, H. H., Alorabi, M., Ayyad, M., & Sultan, E. A. (2020). Knowledge, Perceptions, and Attitude of Egyptians Towards the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Journal of Community Health, 45(5), 881–890.
  2. Azer, S. A. (2020). COVID-19: pathophysiology, diagnosis, complications and investigational therapeutics. New Microbes and New Infections, 37(M), 100738.
  3. Battaglini, D., Robba, C., Caiffa, S., Ball, L., Brunetti, I., Loconte, M., Giacobbe, D. R., Vena, A., Patroniti, N., Bassetti, M., Torres, A., Rocco, P. R., & Pelosi, P. (2020). Chest physiotherapy: An important adjuvant in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19. Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology, 282(August).
  4. Nguyen, T. T., Do, T. T. T., Pham, N. T., & Bui, M. H. (2020). Estimation of the incubation period of COVID-19 in Vietnam. PLoS ONE, 15(12 December), 1–9.
  5. Cates, J., Lucero-Obusan, C., Dahl, R. M., Schirmer, P., Garg, S., Oda, G., Hall, A. J., Langley, G., Havers, F. P., Holodniy, M., & Cardemil, C. V. (2020). Risk for In- Hospital Complications Associated with COVID-19 and Influenza — Veterans Health Administration, United States, October 1, 2018–May 31, 2020. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(42), 1528–1534.
  6. Cimino, G., Pascariello, G., Bernardi, N., Calvi, E., Arabia, G., Salghetti, F., Bontempi, L., Vizzardi, E., Metra, M., & Curnis, A. (2020). Sinus Node Dysfunction in a Young Patient With COVID-19. JACC: Case Reports, 2(9), 1240–1244.
  7. Cossarizza, A., De Biasi, S., Guaraldi, G., Girardis, M., & Mussini, C. (2020). SARS- CoV-2, the Virus that Causes COVID-19: Cytometry and the New Challenge for Global Health. Cytometry Part A, 97(4), 340–343.
  8. Eid, M. M. (2021). COVID-19 patient with symptomatic bradycardia. Visual Journal of Emergency Medicine, 22(September 2020), 100920.
  9. Jiménez-Pavón, D., Carbonell-Baeza, A., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Physical exercise as therapy to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special focus in older people. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63(3), 386–388.
  10. Kadoya, Y., Zen, K., Wakana, N., Yanishi, K., Senoo, K., Nakanishi, N., Yamano, T., Nakamura, T., & Matoba, S. (2021). Knowledge, perception, and level of confidence regarding COVID-19 care among healthcare workers involved in cardiovascular medicine: a web-based cross-sectional survey in Japan. Journal of Cardiology, 77(3), 239–244.
  11. Lauer, S. A., Grantz, K. H., Bi, Q., Jones, F. K., Zheng, Q., Meredith, H. R., Azman, A. S., Reich, N. G., & Lessler, J. (2020). The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (CoVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: Estimation and application. Annals of Internal Medicine, 172(9), 577–582.
  12. Respiratory physiotherapy in patients with COVID-19 infection in acute setting: A Position Paper of the Italian Association of Respiratory Physiotherapists (ARIR). Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, 90(1), 163–168.
  13. Neubeck, L., Hansen, T., Jaarsma, T., Klompstra, L., & Gallagher, R. (2020). Delivering healthcare remotely to cardiovascular patients during COVID-19: A rapid review of the evidence. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 19(6), 486–494.
  14. Qadah, T. (2020). Knowledge and attitude among healthcare workers towards COVID- 19: A cross sectional study from Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 14(10), 1090–1097.
  15. Raveendran, A. V., & Misra, A. (2021). Post COVID-19 Syndrome (“Long COVID”) and Diabetes: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 15(5), 102235.
  16. Rubin, J. E., & Crowe, S. E. (2020). Annals of internal medicine®. Annals of Internal Medicine, 172(1), ITC1–ITC14.
  17. Levey Andrew, Coresh Josef, Boliton Kline, Culleton Bruce, Kusek John, Levin Adeera, Minaker Kenneth L., Nelson Robert, Hogg Ronald J., & Furth Susan. (2002). Clinical Practice Guidelines Clinical Practice Guidelines K/Doqi . 100(9), 1–179.
  18. Samidurai, A., & Das, A. (2020). Cardiovascular complications associated with COVID- 19 and potential therapeutic strategies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(18), 1–28.
  19. Saqlain, M., Munir, M. M., Rehman, S. U., Gulzar, A., Naz, S., Ahmed, Z., Tahir, A. H., & Mashhood, M. (2020a). Knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers among healthcare workers regarding COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey from Pakistan. Journal of Hospital Infection, 105(3), 419–423.
  20. Saqlain, M., Munir, M. M., Rehman, S. U., Gulzar, A., Naz, S., Ahmed, Z., Tahir, A. H., & Mashhood, M. (2020b). Knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers among healthcare workers regarding COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey from Pakistan. Journal of Hospital Infection, 105(3), 419–423.
  21. Scheiber, B., Spiegl, C., Wiederin, C., Schifferegger, E., & Schiefermeier-Mach, N. (2021). Post-covid-19 rehabilitation: Perception and experience of austrian physiotherapists and physiotherapy students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16).
  22. Sim, B. L. H., Chidambaram, S. K., Wong, X. C., Pathmanathan, M. D., Peariasamy, K. M., Hor, C. P., Chua, H. J., & Goh, P. P. (2020). Clinical characteristics and risk factors for severe COVID-19 infections in Malaysia: A nationwide observational study. The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, 4, 100055.
  23. Simonelli, C., Paneroni, M., Fokom, A. G., Saleri, M., Speltoni, I., Favero, I., Garofali, F., Scalvini, S., & Vitacca, M. (2020). How the COVID-19 infection tsunami revolutionized the work of respiratory physiotherapists: An experience from Northern Italy. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, 90(2), 292–298.
  24. Sun, T., Guo, L., Tian, F., Dai, T., Xing, X., Zhao, J., & Li, Q. (2020). Rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19. Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 14(12), 1249– 1256.
  25. Taghrir, M. H., Borazjani, R., & Shiraly, R. (2020). COVID-19 and iranian medical students; A survey on their related-knowledge, preventive behaviors and risk perception. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 23(4), 249–254.
  26. Thomas, P., Baldwin, C., Bissett, B., Boden, I., Gosselink, R., Granger, C. L., Hodgson, C., Jones, A. Y. M., Kho, M. E., Moses, R., Ntoumenopoulos, G., Parry, S. M., Patman, S., & van der Lee, L. (2020). Physiotherapy management for COVID-19 in the acute hospital setting: Recommendations to guide clinical practice. Pneumon, 33(1), 32–35.
  27. Wade, D. T. (2020). Rehabilitation after COVID-19: An evidence-based approach. Clinical Medicine, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 20(4).
  28. Written-, D. O. F. (2020). Symptomatic Respiratory Physiotherapy management strategies for covid-19 patients. 1–21.
  29. Yu, P., Wei, Q., & He, C. (2020). Early rehabilitation for critically ill patients with COVID-19: More benefits than risks. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 99(6), 468–469.
  30. Zhao, H. M., Xie, Y. X., & Wang, C. (2020). Recommendations for respiratory rehabilitation in adults with coronavirus disease 2019. Chinese Medical Journal, 133(13), 1595–1602.
  31. Zhao, L. H. M., Yu, H. P. M., Skinner, M., Gosselink, R., Dean, E., & Jones, A. Y. M. (2020). Establishing essential cardiopulmonary physiotherapy services in acute care settings in China. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 52(7).
  32. Zhong, B. L., Luo, W., Li, H. M., Zhang, Q. Q., Liu, X. G., Li, W. T., & Li, Y. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: A quick online cross- sectional survey. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(10), 1745–1752.

Citation:  Pradeep Balakrishnan, Deepa Kalaichelvan, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam, Nurshazana Akmal Jamaludin (2023).  Awareness and Perception on Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy for Covid-19 Patients among The Alumni  Physiotherapists from KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, ijmaes; 9 (1); 1443-1456.

Effects of Land Based Exercise Protocol in the Management of Hindlimb OA in White Gaint Rabbit

2023Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Nithyanisha R1*, Thiyageeswaran2, Mohammed Yashin B3
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(1), 1435-1442, March 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.003

Nithyanisha R1*, Thiyageeswaran2, Mohammed Yashin B3

Corresponding Author

*1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to Be University, Chennai, India,  Email id: nithyanisha.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in

Co Authors:

2 Vetrenary Physician, M K.Vet Clinic, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India

3BPT intern, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to Be University, Chennia, India

Abstract

Back ground of the study: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most commonly occurring forms of arthritis in the world today. Hind limb weakness is caused by a disorder such as a break, strain, degenerative damage or other physical process, this can result in temporary or permanent inability to use the back legs. Physical therapy techniques to increase function and mobility of joints from, injury, surgery, degenerative diseases, age related diseases and obesity.

Methods: This is an experimental study conducted at M. K. Vet. Clinic, Villupuram for a duration of 3 sessions per week for about 4 weeks (1 month) for a sample size of 15 subjects. Random sampling method used to allocate the samples in two groups. White Giant Rabbits with Age group between 3-4years and CANCRS (composite pain score of 2-4) were included for this study.  age group   between 4-6 years. White Giant Rabbit-breeds irrespective of gender with duly vaccinated. Rabbits’ intervention included land-based exercises.  Outcome measures of the study was cancrs.

Result: On comparing the mean values of Group A & Group B on Multidimensional Composite Pain Scale score, it shows a significant decrease in the post test mean values in both groups, but Group A shows mean difference of 5.90 which has the more effective than Group B with mean difference of 3.90 at P ≤ 0.05.

Conclusion: The study concluded that land-based exercise protocol is more effective on management of hind limb OA in White Giant Rabbits.

Key Words CANCRS (Composite pain scale for Assessing and quantifying Pain in Rabbit’s); White Giant Rabbit; Hindlimb Osteoarthritis; Land-Based Exercises

Received on 20th January 2023, Revised on 16th  February  2023, Accepted on 24th  February 2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.003

INTRODUCTION  

White Giant Rabbit originated in the erstwhile Soviet Union. It is almost similar in appearance to New Zealand White. Color of the fur is white while that of the eyes and skin is red. The length of hind limbs as well as body size is larger than that of New Zealand White. It is native to erstwhile Soviet Union. It has white fur while red fur is present at the skin and eyes. It has long hind limbs. It has 3-4kg of an average weight 1-3. Rabbit can feed on all types of grains such as sorghum, bajra and other legumes and green fodder such as carrot and cabbage leaves, Lucerne etc. Fresh and clean water should be available all the time to the rabbits. The teeth of rabbit grow continuously therefore it requires both type of feeds i.e., concentrate and green fodder. 1kg rabbit requires 40gm of concentrated feed and 40gm of green fodder per day 4. Rabbits take their feed only at day time. The concentrate feed should be given in the form of pellets by making small balls of it 5, 6. The feed should be given according to the size and weight of the rabbit as given below:

  • Adult male rabbit having weight of approximately 4-5kg should be given 100gm of concentrate feed and 250gm of green fodder per day.
  • Adult female rabbit having weight of approximately 4-5kg should be given 100gm of concentrate feed and 300gm of green fodder per day.

Veterinary rehabilitation: Veterinary rehabilitation uses many of the same modalities and techniques for animals as physical therapy does for humans; the two are similar in almost all ways. The veterinary rehabilitation offers a good portion by working on building strength, flexibility, proprioception, range of motion and in pain management.   The idea of applying rehabilitation techniques and principles to animals, although not new, has grown appreciably since the mid-1990s. Although many of the treatment protocols for humans were developed and continue to be developed using animal models, a growing number of research studies are being conducted in universities and private practices that look specifically at the benefits of different methods of rehabilitation in animals, especially dogs. Higher owner expectations combined with increased sophistication and technical abilities of veterinary clinicians have resulted in greater interest in physical therapy and rehabilitation 7-9.

Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent chronic muscular disorders in Canada. It affects approximately 10% of the adult Canadian population. It causes pain and disability and is associated with a substantial economic burden and serious socioeconomic consequences. The etiology of OA is thought to be multi-factorial and pathological changes may take place in different tissues of joints. OA studies have mainly focused on the changes occurring following intra-articular derangement such as ligament transection (or) menisc-ectomy. Little is known on how changes in periarticular structures, such as skeletal muscles, may affect the fully intact joint 10,11.

  Muscles and joints are functionally interde-pendent, as muscles move the joints, contrib-ute to joint stability, and provide shock absor-ption. Muscles are also the biggest contributors to the mechanical loading of joints which is thought to provide crucial mechanical stimuli for joint integrity and cartilage nutrition12.  

Muscles are also implicated in providing proprioceptive information to joints. The motor and sensory functions of muscles are integrated to generate a neuromuscular protective mechanism that allows safe, smooth, functional movements Muscle weakness was found to be a better predictor of joint disability and OA, than radiographic assessment. These findings suggest that impaired sensorimotor function plays a significant role in the development and progression of OA, However, the possible role of muscle weakness in the development and progression of joint degeneration leading to OA remains unclear.

Herzog and Longino, developed a quadriceps weakness model in the New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit and found evidence of articular cartilage, reddening which was interpreted as an early sign of cartilage deterioration. However, no histological assessment of the joint surfaces or molecular biology approaches of the cartilage were performed to strengthen the “clinical” observation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the histopathological changes in the rabbit knee following a period of systematic knee extensor weakness. We hypothesized that muscle weakness is associated with degenerative changes in the knee cartilage, thereby providing evidence that muscle weakness might be an independent risk factor for joint degeneration leading to OA.

The rabbit experiences radiographic signs of naturally-occurring osteoarthritis. There was a significant influence of age on the development of the disease. Rabbits begin to have radiographic signs of the disease as early as 1 year of age with older rabbits experiencing over 70% occurrence. The most commonly effected joints were the knee and the hip.

  Aim of the study:  The aim of the study is to find the effectiveness of land-based exercise protocol in the management of hind limb OA in white giant rabbit.  

Background And Need of Study: The need of the study is to find the effect of land-based exercise protocol in the management of hind limb OA in white giant rabbit, by applying various land-based exercises and to create bridging the gap between physical therapy and veterinary medicine. Also, to access the efficacy of rehabilitation program on improving behavior and welfare of pet rabbits. In this study, a rehabilitation protocol including training to improve the mobility of bunnies.  

METHODOLOGY

This is an experimental study conducted at M. K. Vet. Clinic, Villupuram for a duration of 3 sessions per week for about 4 weeks (1 month) for a sample size of 15 subjects. STUDY TYPE: Pre and Post type. Random sampling method used to allocate the samples in two groups. White Gaint Rabbits with Age group between 3-4years and CANCRS (composite pain score of 2-4) were included for this study.  White Gaint Rabbit-breeds irrespective of gender with Duly vaccinated were included in this study. Below 3 years of age, White Gaint rabbit with skin pathology, neurological disorders, Open wounds, Behavioral complaints, Uncooperative rabbits, Pregnant white Gaint Rabbit were excluded from this study.

Outcome measures: White Gaint Rabbits with hind limb pain were the outcome of the study and it was measured using Composite Pain Score (CANCRS).

CANCRS: A multidimensional composite pain scale (CANCRS) was developed for rabbits based on pain scales developed for other species of mammals bearing in mind that dealing with rabbits allows the clinician to monitor parameters that are less stressful, the Scores were equally distributed in four pain classes14,22.  

For CANCRS, pain scale range from (0 to 24 ),  From  0 to 5 were classified as NP, From 6 to 11 were classified as D,  From 12 to 17 were classified as MP and  From 18 to 24 were classified  as SP.  

Intervention:

Isometric Strengthening of Hind Limb: Exercise training induces muscular adaptations that are highly specific to the type of exercise. For a systematic study of the differentiated exercise adaptations on a molecular level rabbit models have been used successfully. The aim of the current study was to develop a suitable rabbit model of isometric strength exercise training characterized by specific adaptations known from strength training. Strength training was performed for 5 times/week for 3 minutes and 3 series.   During the first week, the rabbits ran for 1–3 min at 6 m/min, and by the third week, the rabbits were reaching a speed of 20 m/min during 2 min of continuous running. When the rabbits were moved on to the experimental phase of the intervention protocol, the continuous exercise group ran at a speed of 15–20 m/min for 3 min, 5 min, or until fatigue. On the other hand, the intermittent exercise group reached speeds between 40 and 50 m/min for 30 s followed by an equal period of time for rest, or maximum speeds up to 70 m/min for 15 s with double the time of rest. A 2° inclination was used throughout the experiment

Importance of Proprioceptive & Balance Exercises: It is extremely important for our four-legged companions to be able to perform these activities with good balance and proprioceptive coordination. If they can do so, it indicates that they are generally able to orient themselves well to complete a range of activities; from daily activities such as walking and trotting, to more complex movements like jumping, landing and turning.   In a healthy individual, the conscious and subconscious minds are both engaged to maintain the stability of their center of gravity as well as the flight or fight reflexes. There is continuous input of sensory feedback (proprioceptive information). This allows the body to protect the muscles and joints through unconscious stabilization and proper positioning, which prevents overstretching or tearing of tendons and ligaments.  

Data Analysis: The collected data were tabulated and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. All the parameters were assessed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 24, with a significance level of p value less than 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval set for all analysis. The Shapiro Wilk test was used to determine the normality of the data. In this study, shapiro wilk test showed that the data was normally distributed on the dependent values of Multidimensional Composite Pain Scale (significance 0.211) at P > 0.05. Hence parametric test was adopted. Paired t-test was adopted to find the statistical difference within the groups & Independent t-test (Student t-Test) was adopted to find statistical difference between the groups.      

    TEST  GROUP – A    GROUP – B       t – TEST     df Significance
MEAN S.D MEAN S.D
  PRE TEST 14.30 1.76 14.60 1.71 -.386 18 .704*
POST TEST 8.40 1.89 10.50 1.71 -2.59 18   .018**

(*- P > 0.05), (**- P ≤ 0.05)     Table-1 Comparison of multidimensional composite pain scale score Between group A and group B in pre and post test

The above table reveals the Mean, Standard Deviation (S.D), t-test, degree of freedom (df) and p-value between (Group A) & (Group B) in pre test and post test weeks. This table shows that there is no significant difference in pre test values between Group A & Group B (*P > 0.05). 

  GROUP PRE TEST POST TEST     t – TEST SIGNIFICANCE
MEAN S.D MEAN S.D
  GROUP- A 14.30 1.76 8.40 1.89 59.00 .000***
GROUP- B 14.60 1.71 10.50 1.71 41.00   .000***

 (***- P ≤ 0.001)     Table- 2 comparison of multidimensional composite pain scale score Within Group – A and Group – B between pre test and post test This table shows that statistically highly significant difference in post test values between Group A & Group B (***- P ≤ 0.05).

The above table reveals the Mean, Standard Deviation (S.D), t-value and p-value between pre-test and post-test within Group – A & Group – B. There is a statistically highly significant difference between the pre test and post test values within Group A and Group B (***- P ≤ 0.001)  

RESULTS

On comparing the mean values of Group A & Group B on Multidimensional Composite Pain Scale score, it shows a significant decrease in the post test mean values in both groups, but Group A shows mean difference of 5.90 which has the more effective than Group B with mean difference of 3.90 at P ≤ 0.05. On comparing pre test and post test between Group A & Group B on Multidimensional Composite Pain Scale test score shows highly significant difference in mean values at P ≤ 0.05.

DISCUSSION

The presence study was conduct with purpose evaluate the effects of land-based exercise protocol in the management of hind limb OA in white Gaint Rabbit. Osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent chronic muscular disorders. The etiology of OA is thought to be multi-factorial and pathological changes may take place in different tissues of joints. OA studies have mainly focused on the changes occurring following intra-articular derangement such as ligament transaction or meniscectomy 13-15.  

This study is based on the effects of land based exercise show the benefits of management of Hind limb OA in white Gaint Rabbit . Wang, Y ; Wishloff , U ; Kemi ,O.J. Animal models in the study of exercise induced cardiac hypertrophy 16. Arias-Mutis,O..J.;Genoves p.; Calvo , c.j.; Diaz An experimental Model of diet Induced Metabolic Syndrome In Rabbit 17.

Ethical clearance: Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical Institutional Review Board of Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr. MGR.  Educational and Research Institute, Chennai with reference No-2053/PO/ReBi/ S/19/CPCSEA approval letter dated 01/02/ 2019.  

Conflicts of Interest: There is no conflict of interest to conduct and publish this study.  

Fund for the study: This is self-funded study, no fund received from any organization.  

CONCLUSION

The study concluded that land-based exercise protocol is more effective on management of hind limb OA in White Giant Rabbits. There is a great variety of exercise training protocols in rabbits which can be used to model the cardiovascular adaptations to training in humans. These experimental models of exercise training in rabbits have allowed for the investigation of the physiological effect of training, and in different pathologies with cardiovascular involvement, and their possible underlying mechanisms.   However, from the analysis of the protocols, we have observed that there is a great heterogeneity in the literature and a lack of consensus regarding a process of design and validation of the training protocols that allows us to define or to standardize a protocol of exercise in rabbits. In this sense, this makes the determination, validity, and reproducibility of the evaluation of the aerobic fitness in rabbits and its associated changes very challenging. With the great potential of the rabbit as an experimental model that mimics human physiology.  

REFERENCES

  1. Wang, Y.; Wislo , U.; Kemi, O.J. Animal models in the study of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Physiol. Res. 2010, 59, 633–644.
  2. Arias-Mutis, O.J.; Marrachelli, V.G.; Ruiz-Saurí, A.; Alberola, A.; Morales, J.M.; Such-Miquel, L.; Monleon, D.; Chorro, F.J.; Such, L.; Zarzoso, M. Development and characterization of an experimental model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rabbi. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0178315
  3. Billman, G.E. A comprehensive review and analysis of 25 years of data from an in vivo canine model of sudden cardiac death: Implications for future anti-arrhythmic drug development. Pharmacol. Ther. 2006, 111, 808–835.
  4. Carroll, J.F.; Dwyer, T.M.; Grady, A.W.; Reinhart, G.A.; Montani, J.P.; Cockrell, K.A.; Meydrech, E.F.; Mizelle, H.L. Hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and neurohumoral activity in a new animal model of obesity. Am. J. Physiol. 1996, 271 Pt 2, H373–H378.
  5. Jones, J.H. Resource Book for the Design of Animal Exercise Protocols. Am. J. Vet. Res. 2007, 68, 583.
  6. De Bono, J.P.; Adlam, D.; Paterson, D.J.; Channon, K.M. Novel quantitative phenotypes of exercise training in mouse models. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2006, 290, 926–934. Animals 2020, 10, 1263 12 of 14.
  7. Abreu , P.; Diogenes, S.V.; Leal-Cardoso, J.H.; Ceccatto, V.M. Anaerobic threshold employed on exercise training prescription and performance assessment for laboratory rodents: A short review. Life Sci. 2016, 151, 1–6.
  8. Kemi, O.J.; Haram, P.M.; Loennechen, J.P.; Osnes, J.B.; Skomedal, T.; Wislø, U.; Ellingsen, Ø. Moderate vs high exercise intensity: Di erential eects on aerobic fitness, cardiomyocyte contractility, and endothelial function. Cardiovascular. Res. 2005, 67, 161–172. ect of endurance exercise on the Ca2+ pumps from transverse tubule and sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit skeletal muscle. J. Appl. Physiol. 2004, 97, 467–474.
  9. Jen, C.J.; Liu, Y.F.; Chen, H. Short-term exercise training improves vascular function in hypercholesterolemia rabbit femoral artery. Chin. J. Physiol. 2005, 48, 79–85.
  10. Teeple, E., Jay, G. D., Elsaid, K. A. & Fleming, B. C. Animal models of osteoarthritis: challenges of model selection and analysis. AAPS J 15, 438–446.
  11. Milner, P. I., Fairfax, T. P., Browning, J. A., Wilkins, R. J. & Gibson, J. S. The effect of O2 tension on pH homeostasis in equine articular chondrocytes. Arthritis Rheum 54, 3523–3532.
  12. Brandt, K. D., Dieppe, P. & Radin, E. Etiopathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Med Clin North Am 2009; 93, 1–24.
  13. Liess, C., Lusse, C., Karger, N., Heller, M. & Gluer, C. C. Detection of changes in cartilage water content using MRI T-2-mapping in vivo. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 10, 907–913,
  14. Boyce, M. K. et al. Non-terminal animal model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis induced by acute joint injury. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 21, 746–755.
  15. Dumond, H. et al. Site specific changes in gene expression and cartilage metabolism during early experimental osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 12, 284–295.
  16. Wong, S.K.; Chin, K.-Y.; Suhaimi, F.H.; Fairus, A.; Ima-Nirwana, S. Animal models of metabolic syndrome: A review. Nutr. Metab. 2016, 13, 65.
  17. Arias-Mutis, Ó .J.; Genovés, P.; Calvo, C.J.; Díaz, A.; Parra, G.; Such-Miquel, L.; Such, L.; Alberola, A.; Chorro, F.J.; Zarzoso, M. An Experimental Model of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rabbit: Methodological Considerations, Develop-ment, and Assessmen. J. Vis. Exp. 2018, 134, e57117.

Citation:

Nithyanisha R, Thiyageeswaran, Mohammed Yashin B (2023). Effects of land based Exercise Protocol in the management of Hindlimb OA In White Gaint Rabbit , ijmaes; 9 (1); 1435-1442.

To Study the Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Bone Mineral Density Among South Indian Women

2023Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Gladia R1, T. Ashrin2*, Jibi Paul3
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9 (1), 1428-1434, March 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.002

Gladia R1, T. Ashrin2*, Jibi Paul3

Authors:

1,3Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

2*BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author:

*BPT Graduate,Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: ashrinthurab@gmail.com

Abstract

Background of the study: Osteoporosis is a worldwide disease characterized by reduction of bone mass and alteration of bone architecture resulting in increased bone fragility and increased fracture risk. It mainly affects premenopausal and postmenopausal women. In Indian women prevalence of osteoporosis mainly because of low calcium intake, vitamin D deficiency, sex in equality, early menopause, genetic predisposition, lack of diagnostic facilities and poor knowledge on bone health. The aim of the study is to find out the impact of socioeconomic status on bone mineral density in south Indian women.

Methodology: It is an observational study and non-experimental type. 100 subjects taken for this study. The age group between 35-60 years and women only selected for this study. The study duration is 2 months. The material used are paper and pen. Modified BG prasad socioeconomic classification. Self-administrated socioeconomic status questionnaire. The participants were given self-administered socioeconomic questionnaire and classified according to their socioeconomic status based on Modified BG Prasad socioeconomic classification to find the (SES) of an individual. The mineral density was corelated using Quantitative calcaneal ultrasound and recorded. The recorded data were analysed and interpreted.

Result: Quantitative calcaneal ultrasound T score bone mineral density has shown significantly lower mean value -2.66 (osteoporotic) and as a whole,5% osteoporosis in subjects with lower economic status.

Conclusion: The study concluded that low SES is risk for Osteoporosis. So, the awareness among people is essential for good healthy lifestyles and prevent the dangers of osteoporosis.

Key Words:  Osteoporosis; Socioeconomic status; Bone Mineral Density; BG Prasad SES

Received on 18th January 2023, Revised on 14th  February  2023, Accepted on 20th  February 2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.002

INTRODUCTION  

Women’s health concern is influenced by interrelated biological, social, and cultural factors. It is a global health problem both in the developed and developing countries. In Indian women, due to increasing longevity and risk factors, such as low calcium intakes, sex inequality, vitamin D deficiency, early menopause, genetic predisposition, lack of diagnostic facilities, and poor knowledge of bone health, have contributed to the high prevalence of osteoporosis and fractures 1-5.

Causes of osteoporosis include increasing age, female sex, postmenopausal status, hypogonadism or premature ovarian failure, low body mass index, ethnic background, rheumatoid arthritis, low bone mineral density, vitamin D deficiency, low calcium intake, hyper kyphosis, alcohol abuse, current smoking, immobilization, and long-term use of certain medications 6,7.

Osteopenia increases the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures as the person gets older. Osteoporosis is three times more common in women as compared to men. The greatest bone loss occurs in women as its associated with oestrogen insufficiency during perimenopause. 70% of women over the age 80 years have osteoporosis 8, 9.

The women from the Indian subcontinent who have migrated to western countries are at increased risk of accelerated age-related bone loss when compared to their counterparts living in the same geographic region due to their darker skin, conservative dressing such as “Burqa,” “Sari,” and “Salwar kameez,” and their genetic pattern10-15.

Aim of the study: To study the impact of socioeconomic status on bone mineral density among south Indian women. This study mainly focused on women’s bone health and creating awareness among them to reduce the risk of osteoporosis.

Need of the study: Osteoporosis is a metabolic disorder affecting the females more commonly than males. The prevalence rate of osteoporosis is also relatively high. In spite of high prevalence socioeconomic status also has an impact on bone mineral density among women. And there is no knowledge about osteoporosis among women. The need of the study is to see whether socioeconomic status could affect the bone mineral density among women. There is also a need to create awareness among female who are at the risk about their silent metabolic disorder.

METHODOLOGY

It is an observational study and non-experimental type. 100 subjects taken for this study. The age group between 35-60 years and women only selected for this study. The study duration is 2 months. The material used are paper and pen. Modified BG prasad socioeconomic classification. Self-administrated socioeconomic status questionnaire. The participants were given self-administered socioeconomic questionnaire and classified according to their socioeconomic status based on Modified BG Prasad socioeconomic classification to find the (SES) of an individual. The mineral density was corelated using Quantitative calcaneal ultrasound and recorded. The recorded data were analysed and interpreted. Inclusion criteria:

Procedure: This study mainly focused on women’s socioeconomic status with 100 subjects as participants, self-administered SES questionnaire are framed and circulated to the participants and analysed using BG Prasad classification to measure the Socioeconomic status (SES) of an individual or family based on their monthly income. The recorded data was analyzed and interpreted, and their BMD was correlated using quantitative calcaneal ultrasound and the participant who diagnosed with BMD was given awareness program and counselling to reduce the risk of osteoporosis.  

Descriptive Statistics on Anthropometric Measures
Variables N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Skewness
Statistic Std. Error
AGE 100 35.00 60.00 47.553 2.387 -.058 .589

Table – 1 Descriptive Statistics on Anthropometric Measures  

CALCANEAL ULTRASOUND
MEAN -2.66
S. D .151
t-test -39.22
df 4
Significance 000***

Table – 2 Lower Economic Status – T Score Bone Mineral Density

  CALCANEAL ULTRASOUND
MEAN   -1.62
S.D .349
t-test -25.95
df 30
Significance 000***

(***-P ≤ 0.001) Table – 3 Upper Lower Economic Status – T Score Bone Mineral Density

The above table reveals the Mean, Standard Deviation (S.D), t-test, degree of freedom(df) and p-value of subjects . This table shows that statistically significant difference within subjects. (***P ≤            0.001)  

 CALCANEAL ULTRASOUND
MEAN   -1.46
S. D .800
t-test -12.93
df 49
Significance 000***

(***-P ≤ 0.001) Table – 4 Lower Middle Economic Status – T Score Bone Mineral Density

The above table reveals the Mean, Standard Deviation (S.D), t-test, degree of freedom(df) and p-value of subjects. This table shows that statistically significant difference within subjects. (***P ≤ 0.001)  

CALCANEAL ULTRASOUND
MEAN   -.789
S. D .979
t-test -3.01
df 13
Significance 000***

(***-P ≤ 0.001) Table – 5 Upper Middle Economic Status – T Score Bone Mineral Density

The above table reveals the Mean, Standard Deviation (S.D), t-test, degree of freedom(df) and p-value of subjects . This table shows that statistically significant difference within subjects. (***P ≤0.001)

DISCUSSION

Osteoporosis is a “silent killer” disease of bone. Osteoporosis is a major problem of health care delivery services, both in the developed and developing countries. It is estimated that by 2050, one out of every two fractures worldwide will occur in Asia. This study concentrates to assess the effect of the socioeconomic status   on the women awareness and the bone density status among women. The results indicated that the socioeconomic status like educational level and poverty are considered as risk of osteoporosis. Like other studies, this study shows that poor knowledge about osteoporosis 16,17.

Osteoporosis is a “silent killer” disease of bone. Osteoporosis is a major problem of health care delivery services, both in the developed and developing countries. It is estimated that by 2050, one out of every two fractures worldwide will occur in Asia 18.

Osteoporosis is more among household women. This study concluded that significant number of women had osteoporosis and osteopenia within 35-40 years age group. So proper awareness about osteoporosis causative factor and preventive measures targeted to household women may play an important role 19.

Association of lifestyle and food consumption with bone mineral density among people aged 50 years and above. This study conclude that high prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was found in older people and it was found to be significantly associated with age, sex lower BMI, Smoking habit, and daily calcium consumption 20,21.

Pawan Kumar Sharma 2019 et al. Did a review on low bone mineral density and its risk factors in an urban adult population of South Indian. This study concluded that low BMD is highly prevalent in South Indian urban population. And low BMD and osteoporosis were positively associated with increasing age so early identification and preventive measures are more important 22.

The purpose of the study is to find the impact of socioeconomic status on bone mineral density among south Indian women. This study concentrates to assess the effect of the socioeconomic status on the women awareness and the bone density status among women. The results indicated that the socioeconomic status like educational level and poverty are considered as risk of osteoporosis. Like other studies, this study shows that poor knowledge about osteoporosis. Patient with a high risk is referred to orthopaedician and a physiotherapist 23.

Ethical clearance: Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical Institutional Review Board of Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR.  Educational and Research Institute, Chennai with reference No: B-07/PHYSIO/IRB/2019-2020 approval letter dated 07/01/2020.

Conflicts of Interest: There is no conflict of interest to conduct and publish this study.

Fund for the study: This is self-funded study, no fund received from any organization.

CONCLUSION

The results indicated that the socioeconomic status like educational level and poverty are considered as risk of osteoporosis. I suggest the awareness programme should be conducted in the general population and create awareness about osteoporosis. The awareness among people creates the good healthy lifestyles and prevent the dangers of osteoporosis.

REFERENCE

  1. Riggs BL, Khosla S, Melton LJ., III A unitary model for involutional osteoporosis: estrogen deficiency causes both type I and type II osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and contributes to bone loss in aging men. J. Bone Miner. Res. 1998; 13:763–773.
  2. Hofbauer LC, et al. The roles of osteoprot-egerin and osteoprotegerin ligand in the paracrine regulation of bone resorption. J. Bone Miner. Res. 2000; 15:2–12.
  3. Shevde NK, Bendixen AC, Dienger KM, Pike JW. Estrogens suppress RANK ligandind-uced osteoclast differentiation via a stromal cell independent mechanism involving c-Jun repression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2000; 97:7829–7834.
  4. Bullamore JR, Wilkinson R, Gallagher JC, Nordin BE. Marshall DHEffect of age on calcium absorption. Lancet. 1970 Sep 12;2(7672):535–7.
  5. Cummings SR, Browner WS, Bauer D, Stone K, Ensrud K, Jamal S, Ettinger B. Endogenous hormones and the risk of hip and vertebral fractures among older women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. N Engl J Med. 1998; 339:733–738.
  6. Gail A Greendale MaryFran Sowers, Weijuan Han Mei-Hua Huang, Finkelstein Joel S, Crandall Carolyn J, Lee Jennifer S, Karlamangla Arun S. Bone mineral density loss in relation to the final menstrual period in a multiethnic cohort: Results from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) J bone Min Res. 2012;27(1):111.
  7. Garnero P, Sornay-Rendu E, Duboeuf F, Delmas PD. Markers of bone turnover predict postmenopausal forearm bone loss over 4 years: the OFELY study. J Bone Miner Res. 1999 Sep;14(9):1614–21.
  8. Riggs BL, Khosla S, Melton LJ., III A unitary model for involutional osteoporosis: estrogen deficiency causes both type I and type II osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and contributes to bone loss in aging men. J. Bone Miner. Res. 1998; 13:763–773.
  9. World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases [October 28, 2009]; FRAXA WHO Fracture Risk Assessment Tool. Available at: http://www.shef.ac.uk/FRAX/.
  10. Stone KL, Seeley DG, Lui LY, et al. For the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group BMD at multiple sites and risk of fracture of multiple types: long-term results from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. J Bone Miner Res. 2003; 18:1947–1954.
  11. Heaney RP, Zizic TM, Fogelman I, et al. Risedronate reduces the risk of first vertebral fracture in osteoporotic women. Osteoporos Int. 2002;13(6):501–505.
  12. Sarrel PM, Njike VY, Vinante V, Katz DL. The Mortality Toll of Estrogen Avoidance: An Analysis of Excess Deaths Among Hysterectomized Women Aged 50 to 59 Years. Am J Public Health. 2013 Sep;103(9):1583–1588. Epub 2013 Jul 18.
  13. Dunnewind T, Dvortsin EP, Smeets HM, et al. Economic consequences and potentially preventable costs related to osteoporosis in the Netherlands. Value Health 2017;20(06):762–768.
  14. Mitra S, Desai M, Ikram M. Association of estrogen receptor gene polymorphisims with bone mineral density in postmenopausal Indian women. Mol Genet Metab. 2006; 87:80–8.
  15. Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, Sembo I, Redlund‑Johnell I, Dawson A, et al. Long‑term risk of osteoporotic fracture in Malmö. Osteoporosis Int 2000; 11:669‑
  16. Mithal A, Bansal B, Kyer CS, Ebeling P. The Asia‑pacific regional‑epidemiology, costs, and burden of osteoporosis in India 2013: A report of international osteoporosis foundation. Indian J Endocrinol Metabolism 2014; 18:449‑
  17. Rossini M, Adami S, Bertoldo F, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention and management of osteoporosis. Reumatismo 2016;68(01):1–39.
  18. Management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: 2010 position statement of The North American Menopause Society. Menopause 2010;17(01):25–54, quiz 55–56.
  19. Nidhi S Kadam, et al: Prevalence of osteoporosis in apparently healthy adults above 40 years of age in Pune city, India. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism; 2018; 22:67-73.
  20. Mithal A, Wahl DA, Bonjour JP, Burckhardt P, Dawson-Hughes B, Eisman JA, et al. Global Vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D. osteoporosis Int. 2009;20:1807-20.
  21. Gopinath NR, Sen RK, Behra P, Aggarwal S, K handelwal N, sen M. Awareness of osteoporosis in postmenopausal Indian women: AN evaluation of Osteoporosis Health Belief scale. J Life Health 2016; 7:180-4.
  22. Winzenberg TM, Oldenburg B, Frendin S, Jones G. The design of a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure osteoporosis knowledge in women: the osteoporosis knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2003; 4:17.
  23. Pacifici R. Estrogen, cytokines, and pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. 1996; 11:1043–1051.

 

Citation: 

Gladia R, T. Ashrin, Jibi Paul (2023).   To study the Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Bone Mineral Density Among South Indian Women , ijmaes; 9 (1); 1428-1434.

 

Correlation of Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores with Anthropometric measure and Flexibility in subjects with OA Knee

2023Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
P. Karthika1, B. Divya2
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 9(1), 1420-1427, March 2023; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.001

P. Karthika1, B. Divya2

Authors:

1*BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

2Lecturer, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author:*BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: karthikapachiyappan30@gmail.com

Abstract

Background of the study: Osteoarthritis knee is the most common joint disease that affects the aged people and result in long term disability. Osteoarthritis knee cause degenerative joint disease, wear and tear changes occurring in old age due to weight bearing and loss of articular cartilage. It occurs in 12.1% population approximately. Increased BMI is a well-recognized risk factor for radiographic knee osteoarthritis however, the contributions   from joint mobility also have an impact on subjects with knee osteoarthritis. The objective of the study is to find out the correlation of knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) with anthropometric measures and flexibility in subjects with Knee OA.

Methodology: This is an observational study of analytical type, total of 100 subjects. 47 male and 53 female subjects aged above 55years with pre-diagnosed knee osteoarthitis were included for the study. Subjects with knee pain for last 3 months will be included in this study by convenient sampling method. Visual Analogue scale, knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) questionnaire were used as an outcome measure, weighing scale, goniometer were the tools used for this study. The study was carried out at old aged home for 3 months.

Result: A Positive Association and correlation between Knee ROM and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) with  Pearson value is  0.573 indicates an increase in KOOS score decreases knee range of motion in subjects with knee osteoarthritis.

Conclusion: The study concluded that there is significant correlation with Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) and anthropometric measures in subjects with knee osteoarthritis.

Key Words: Osteoarthritis; Anthropometric measures; KOOS questionnaire.

Received on 13th December 2022, Revised on 24th January 2023, Accepted on 18th  February 2023

DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2023.V09I01.001

INTRODUCTION  Osteoarthritis is chronic musculoskeletal disorder and a leading cause of disability in the present world. Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis (Arthritis foundation,2014). Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of degenerative joint disease affecting 15 to 40% of people aged 40 and above (Corti, M.C 2003). OA knee is one of the leading medical conditions in people above age 65 which leads to notable mobility impairment 1-3.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Osteoarthritis is the second commonest musculoskeletal problem in the world population(30%).The worldwide increase in the elderly population is the most important change as per the public health statistics for 21st century (Clary WAV 2004). It is being estimated that the number of people over the age of 65  can be doubled in the next 20 years 4-6.

Osteoarthritis (OA) and similar diseases that are more frequently encountered in advancing years become much more important from both medical and economic aspects (Lawrence RC 1998). A survey in India in 2011 revealed the OA prevalence rate of 32.6% in rural and 60.3% in urban population. OA was present in 50.2% population falling in age group 55-74 years 25% of women and 15% of men whereas it was 97.7% in age group 84 years or older (Sharma MK 2007).  Socioeconomic impact of OA is greater than other diseases due to its higher prevalence 7-10.

Clinically, OA knee is characterized by pain during weight bearing, tenderness, and limitation of knee movement, crepitus, occasional effusion, and variable degrees of local inflammation. Pain is the most common reason for patients with OA which leads to social, psychological and economic burden. The patient has to seek medical attention and rehabilitation which may lead to financial consequences 11-14. The radiographic hallmarks of primary Osteoarthritis include nonuniform joint space loss, osteophyte formation, cyst formation and subchondral sclerosis. Osteophytes which are formed are usually present at distal femur, proximal tibia and posterior to patella15-17 .

Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to find that KOOS improve quality of life in geriatric population with osteoarthritis knee. Also to find out the effectiveness of BMI and KOOS in improving pain, functional ability and mental health in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Need for the study: Knee pain in patient with osteoarthritis knee is a common clinical condition around the world. Ageing process is common in every people and due to ageing degenerative changes occurs in the human body. In other word cause of osteoarthritis knee pain is multifactorial. This study can prove the effect of special intervention on reduction of pain level at the knee joint, impairment and the level of risk factors and stress level on Improves physical health and maintenance of muscle strength around knee joint. Physical activity is the key element in prevention and management of knee osteoarthritis. The need of the study is to find out the effectiveness of KOOS questionnaire of knee and to improve the quality of life in the knee osteoarthritis patients.

Study design: It was Observational study design and Study type.  Study setting was done at old age home Chennai, Sample size was 100 subjects (47 male and 53 female). Sampling method was Convenient sampling method. The study was conducted for a period 12 Weeks.

Inclusion criteria: Age above 55 years, Both male and female subjects, Radiographic confirmation of knee osteoarthritis, Patient body mass index (BMI). History of knee pain more than 3 months and Unilateral knee osteoarthitis.

Exclusion criteria: History of injuries and multiple falls, History of any recent knee surgeries, Patient with neurological disorders, Prolonged bed ridden subjects, Subjects with psychotic disorder, Subjects who are not wiiling to participate and Bilateral knee osteoarthitis.

Material used: Weighing scale, VAS (Visual Analogue scale), Goniometer and KOOS (Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score) questionnaire.

Procedure: Subject will be selected upon the selection criteria. A total of 100 subjects (both 47male and 53 female) were selected based on inclusion criteria. Informed conset was obtained prior to the study interview using questionnarie with the osteoarthritis knee patient. Subjects BMI was recorded. They were then provided with KOOS questionnaire and were made to fill in their responses as per given in the form. The results have analyzed statistically. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a questionnaire designed to assess short and long-term patient-relevant outcomes following knee osteoarthritis. The KOOS is self-administered and assesses five outcomes: pain, symptoms, activities of daily living, sport and recreation function, and knee-related quality of life. The KOOS meets basic criteria of outcome measures and can be used to evaluate the course of knee osteoarthritis and treatment outcome. KOOS is patient-administered, the format is user-friendly and it takes about 10 minutes to fill out.

Scoring instructions: The KOOS’s five patient-relevant dimensions are scored separately: Pain (nine items); Symptoms (seven items); ADL Function (17 items); Sport and Recreation Function (five items); Quality of Life (four items). A Likert scale is used and all items have five possible answer options scored from 0 (No problems) to 4 (Extreme problems) and each of the five scores is calculated as the sum of the items included.

Interpretation of scores: Scores are transformed to a 0–100 scale, with zero representing extreme knee problems and 100 representing no knee problems as common in orthopaedic scales and generic measures. Scores between 0 and 100 represent the percentage of total possible score achieved.  

                                              Anthropometric Characteristics of Subjects
Variables N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Skewness
Statistic Std. Error
AGE 100 55.00 65.00 59.57 4.43871 3.321 .241
HEIGHT 100 137.00 170.00 153.91 7.19581 -.189 .241
WEIGHT 100 42.00 102.00 67.74 9.98749 .278 .241
BMI 100 18.20 38.90 23.94 4.38757 .978 .241

 Table 1 Anthropometric Characteristics of Subjects  

Descriptive Statistics for Dependent Variables
Variables N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Skewness
Statistic Std. Error
Knee Flexion ROM 100 100.00 130.00 116.05 9.21941 -.217 .241
KOOS 100 11.21 48.66 28.73 7.14433 .221 .241
VAS 100 4.00 6.00 5.30 .62765 -.325   .241  

Table 2. Descriptive Statistics for Dependent Variables, KOOS- Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, VAS- Visual Analog Scale  

Spearman’s rho Correlations
  AGE KOOS
    Spearman’s Rho AGE Correlation Coefficient 1.000 -.085
Sig. (2-tailed) . .403
N 100 100
KOOS Correlation Coefficient -.085 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .403 .0
N 100 100

Table–3 Spearman’s Rho Correlation of Coefficient between Age and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Significant level considered for P > 0.05    

The above table reveals the Spearman’s Correlation of coefficient Spearman’s rho (rs) value and p-value between Age and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) The value of Spearman’s rho (rs) is – 0.085 Although technically no association and correlation between Age and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).  

Spearman’s rho Correlations
  BMI KOOS
    Spearman’s rho BMI Correlation Coefficient 1.000 -.597
Sig. (2-tailed) . .000
N 100 100
KOOS Correlation Coefficient -.597 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .0
N 100 100

Table-4. Spearman’s Rho Correlation of Coefficient between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), (P ≤ 0.05)  

The above table reveals the Spearman’s Correlation of coefficient Spearman’s rho (rs) value and p-value between BMI and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) The value of Spearman’s rho (rs) is – 0.597 Although technically a Strong Negative Monotonic Association and correlation between BMI and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)  

  Parameters Pearson correlation
‘r’ value P value
  Knee ROM & KOOS   0.573   ≤ 0.05

  Table-5 Pearson Correlation of Coefficient between Knee ROM and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)

The above table reveals the Pearson Correlation of coefficient ‘ r ‘ value and p-value between Knee ROM and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). The value of R is 0.573 Although technically a Positive Association and correlation between Knee ROM and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).

RESULTS

Result shows mean and standard deviation along with range of overall Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) with anthropometric measurements correlation in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. The value of Spearman’s rho (rs) is – 0.085 Although technically no association and correlation between Age and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Although technically a Strong Negative Monotonic Association and correlation between Body Mass Index & Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) with R value of Spearman’s rho (rs)  is – 0.597 indicates an increase in subjects Body Mass Index decreases the KOOS score with lower values representing extreme knee problem. A Positive Association and correlation between Knee ROM and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) with Pearson value is 0.573 indicates an increase in KOOS score decreases knee range of motion in subjects with knee osteoarthritis.

DISCUSSION

The purpose of the study is to find out the correlation between Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) questionnaire and anthropometric measurements in subjects with osteoarthritis knee. Subject will be selected upon the selection criteria. A total of 100 subjects (both 47male and 53 female) were selected based on inclusion criteria Informed consent was obtained prior to the study interview using questionnaire  with the osteoarthritis knee patient. Subjects Body Mass Index (BMI) was recorded 18. They were then provided with Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) questionnaire and were made to fill in their responses as per given in the form. The results were analyzed statistically 19.

After 3 months, statistical analysis revealed significant correlation between Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) questionnaire and Body Mass Index (BMI), thus favouring alternate hypothesis 20. Studies suggest that the impact of obesity on knee osteoarthritis may be primarily through increased mass rather than through systemic or metabolic pathways associated with excess adiposity 21.

Similarly, data revealed no association and correlation between Age and Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS). A trend for greater risk for knee osteoarthritis with increasing duration of being overweight was also found. Women consistently showed more risk for knee osteoarthritis from overweight than men 22. So, in this study Body Mass Index (BMI) and Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) was improved, which improved functional performance in the patients with knee osteoarthritis. Obesity management plays a key role in preventive aspect of knee osteoarthritis. Results also revealed females are affected more when compared to males 23.

Clinical / structural osteoarthritis is high in subjects with high fat mass and fat % and was associated with clinical osteoarthritis in both men and women. Anxiety and depression are very common in patient with osteoarthritis. pain and depression forma various cycle. A total rehabilitation is the one which covers both physiological and psychological aspects that occur as a result of disorderb24. Thus, the study shows that by a high body mass index increases mechanical stress across kneejoint and increases pain status. On analysis of the effects of anthropometric measures on knee osteoarthritis, in all the subjects taken together, onlyBody Mass Index (BMI) and Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) was found to have a significant. Thus, KOOS and BMI have a strong correlation in quality of life in subjects with knee osteoarthritis 25.

Ethical clearance: Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical Institutional Review Board of Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR.  Educational and Research Institute, Chennai with reference No: A28/PHYSIO/IRB/ 2018-2019 approval letter dated 17/01/2019.

Conflicts of Interest: There is no conflict of interest to conduct and publish this study.

Fund for the study: This is self-funded study, no fund received from any organization.  

CONCLUSION The study concluded that there is significant correlation with Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) and anthropometric measures in subjects with knee osteoarthritis.

REFERENCES

  1. Corti, M.C. &Rigon, C 2003 Epidemiology of osteoarthritis: Prevalence, risk factors and functional impact. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 15(5): 359-363.
  2. Guccione AA, Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Anthony JM, Zhang Y, Wilson PW, et al. The effects of specific medical conditions on the functional limitations of elders in the Framingham Study.Am J Public Health. 1994;84(3):351–354.
  3. Clark WAV (2004) The End of World Population Growth in the 21st Century: Implications for Sustainable Communities. 30: 43-60.
  4. Lawrence RC, Helmick CG, Arnett FC, Deyo RA, Felson DT, et al. (1998) Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and selected musculoskeletal disorders in the United States. Arthritis Rheum 41: 778-799.
  5. Sharma MK, Swami HM, Bhatia V, Verma A, Bhatia SPS, et al. (2007) An epidemiologic study of correlates osteoarthritis in geriatric population of UT Chandigarh. Indian journal of community medicine 1: 77-78.
  6. Helmick CG, Felson DT, Lawrence RC, Gabriel S, Hirsch R, et al. (2008) Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part I. Arthritis Rheum 58: 15-25.
  7. Gupta S, Hawker GA, Laporte A, Croxford R, Coyte PC. The economic burden of disabling hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) from the perspective of individuals living with this condition. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005; 44(12):1531–7.
  8. Boegard T, Jonsson K. Radiography in osteoarthritis of the knee. Skeletal Radiol 1999; 28:605-15.
  9. Callaghan MJ, Selfe J, McHenry A, Oldham JA (2008) Effects of patellar taping on knee joint in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Man Ther 13: 192-199.
  10. Diracoglu D, Aydin R, Baskent A, Celik A (2005) Effects of kinesthesia and balance exercises in knee osteoarthritis. J Clin Rheumatol 11: 303-310.
  11. KisnerC, Colby LA (2003) Resistance exercise In: Therapeutic Exercise, Foundations and Techniques, 4th ed. Jay Pee publishers 58-148.
  12. Van Saase JL, Vandenbroucke JP, van Romunde LK, Valkenburg HA. Osteoarthritis and obesity in the general population: a relationship calling for an explanation. J Rheumatol. 1988; 15:1152–8.
  13. Hartz AJ, Fischer ME, Bril G, Kelber S, Rupley D Jr, Oken B, et al. The association of obesity with joint pain and osteoarthritis in the HANES data. J Chronic Dis. 1986; 39:311–9.
  14. Toda Y, Segal N, Toda T, Kato A, Toda F. A decline in lower extremity lean body mass per body weight is characteristic of women with early phase osteoarthritis of the knee. J Rheumatol. 2000; 27:2449–54.
  15. Slemenda C, Heilman DK, Brandt KD, Katz BP, Mazzuca SA, Braunstein EM, et al. Reduced quadriceps strength relative to body weight: a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis in women? Arthritis Rheum 1998; 41: 1951–9.
  16. Sowers MF, Yosef M, Jamadar D, Jacobson J, Karvonen-Gutierrez C, Jaffe M. BMI vs. body composition and radiographically-defined osteoarthritis of the knee in women: a 4-year follow-up study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2008; 16:367–72.
  17. Meenan RF, Mason JH, Anderson JJ, Guccione A A, Kazis LE. AIMS2.The content and properties of a revised and expanded Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales Health Status Questionnaire. Arthritis Rheum1992; 35:1–10.
  18. Fielden JM, Gander PH, Horne JG, Lewer BM, Green RM, Devane PA. An assessment of sleep disturbance in patients before and after total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2003; 18:371–6.
  19. Fitzgerald JD, Orav EJ, Lee TH, Marcantonio ER, Poss R, Goldman L, Mangione CM. Patient quality of life during the 12months following joint replacement surgery. Arthritis Rheum2004; 51:100–9.
  20. Zhang W, Moskowitz RW, Nuki G OARSI recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis, Part II: OARSI evidence-based, expert consensus guidelines. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2008 Feb; 16(2):137-62.
  21. Vogels E, Hendriks H, van Baar M, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for physical therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Royal Dutch Society for Physical Therapy; 2003.
  22. Rahul Prakash, S.K. Choudhary, Uday Shankar Singh. A study of morbidity pattern among geriatric population Indian Journal of Community Medicine Vol. XXIX, No.1, Jan.-Mar., 2004.
  23. Brandt KD, lemenda C, Heilman DK, Katz BP, Mazzuca SA, Braunstein EM, ET AL. Reduced quadriceps strength relative to body weight: a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis in women? Arthritis Rheum 1998; 41:1951-9.
  24. Visser M, SepulvedaD, GallagherD, Pierson RN, HarrisT, and Heymsfield SB. How useful is body mass index for comparison of body fatness across age, gender, and ethnic groups? Am J Epidemiol 2009143: 228–239.
  25. J Axfford, Alexander Butt, Christine her on. Prevalence of anxitey and depression in osteoarthritis November 2010, Volume 29, PP .1277-1283.

Citation: 

P. Karthika and B Divya (2023).  Correlation Of Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis outcome scores with Anthropometric Measure and Flexibility in subjects with  OA Knee, ijmaes; 9 (1); 1420-1427.

Adding Assistive Work Desk and Work Place Stretching Exercise on increase Job Satisfaction and Productivity of Sewing Workers

2022DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Yolanda Firmawaty*1
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (4), 1413-1419, December 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I04.006

Adding Assistive Work Desk and Work Place Stretching Exercise on increase Job Satisfaction and Productivity of Sewing Workers

Yolanda Firmawaty*1 Corresponding Author:   *1Physiotherapy Program, FakultasVokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta Mail id: yolanda.firmawaty@uki.ac.id Abstract Background: The sewing process have demands for workers which are usually quite high, which makes workers have to experience a state of rigid posture, static muscle loads and repetitive work, coupled with different and quite thick rope material loads. The process of working in a sitting position for a long time causes complaints and discomfort to workers. The purpose of this research is to increase the satisfaction and productivity of sewing workers. Method: The research design used was a true experimental with the same subject design (treatment by subject design involving 18 workers. The sample in this study was determined as a control subject and treatment subject in different time periods In period I, workers worked as usual while in period II worked using assistive work desks and doing workplace stretching exercises. Job satisfaction was measured using a Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire containing 20 statements. Productivity was measured by the amount of time workers completed 100 ropes per day. using statistical paired sample t test with a value of α 0.05 for normally distributed data and Wilcoxon test for data that is not normally distributed. Result: The results of the study showed significant differences p <0.05 on job satisfaction and productivity, in period II that is 12.06 points or experienced a difference of 19.80%. The addition of assistive work desks and the provision of Workplace Stretching Exercise increased productivity by 0.17 points or experienced a difference of 38.63%. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the intervention of adding assistive work desks and offering Workplace Stretching Exercise increase job satisfaction and productivity of sewing workers at Span Set Indonesia factory. Keywords: Job satisfaction; Work Productivity; Workplace Stretching Exercise

The Effectiveness of Goodmornings Exercise Vs Conventional Strengthening Exercise in Subjects with Mechanical Low Back Pain

2022DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
S. M. Divya Mary*1,  J. Harsha Banu2  
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (4), 1405-1412, December 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I04.005

The Effectiveness of Goodmornings Exercise Vs Conventional Strengthening Exercise in Subjects with Mechanical Low Back Pain

S. M. Divya Mary*1,  J. Harsha Banu2  

Author:
2BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Corresponding Author:
*1Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: divyamary.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in

Abstract

Background of the Study: Low back pain (LBP) is a very common and more than 10 million cases reported per year (India).The overall prevalence of low back pain was < 10% in the community. The prevalence of low back pain was more in women compared to men and it occurs more in the age group 20-35 compared to other age groups.

Methodology: The study setting is Physiotherapy OPD ACS medical college and hospital campus with experimental study design. 30 subjects of both male and female between the age of 20-35 years who are brisk and who doesn’t have any previous illness with slump test negative were included. Group 1 (n=15) were given Goodmornings with barbell exercise for 30 minutes and Group 2 (n=15) were given with conventional strengthening exercise for 30 minutes. The subjects were assessed pre and post to the treatment by Oswestry low back disability questionnaires and Visual Analogue Scale.

Results: On comparing the Mean values of Group A & Group B on VAS Score, it shows significant decrease in the post test Mean values but (Group B – Strengthening) shows (2.53) which has the Lower Mean value is effective than (Group A – Barbell) (3.00) at P ≤ 0.05. Hence Null Hypothesis is rejected. On comparing the Mean values of Group A & Group B on Oswestry Disability Index(OSDI), it shows significant decrease in the post test Mean values but (Group B –  Strengthening) shows (16.86) which has the Lower Mean value is effective than (Group A – Barbell) (19.60) at P ≤ 0.05.

Conclusion:  Therefore, this study proved conventional strengthening exercise plays a vital role in treating MLBP.

Keywords: Barbell; Strengthening exercise; Oswestry low back disability questionnaires; Visual analogue scale.

Association of Waist Circumference, Waist to Hip Ratio, Waist to Height Ratio in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Obese Subjects

2022DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
G. Vaishnavi*1, Yogesh.M2
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (4), 1395-1404, December 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I04.004

Association of Waist Circumference, Waist to Hip Ratio, Waist to Height Ratio in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Obese Subjects

G. Vaishnavi*1, Yogesh.M2 Author: 1Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India 2 BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Corresponding Author: *1Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract Background of the Study: Obesity is known to the main risk factor for a number of non-communicable diseases like diabetes. As per WHO, over weight and obesity have 44% of the diabetic cases. Obesity has emerged as leading global health through recent environmental and society changes favoring a positive energy balance and weight gain. The aim of the study is to find the association of waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, waist to height ratio in diabetic and non-diabetic obese subjects. Methodology: This observational study was conducted in OPD, physiotherapy department ACS Medical College and Hospital. In which 50 subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of both male and female age group 25-50years. Subjects selected were obese patient with BMI above 30, diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and those excluded were lumbar Lordosis, history of pelvic fracture, inflammation of hip joint, gluteus medius, and with Trendlenburg gait. Selected subjects were selected and divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 25 subjects and Group B consisted of 25 subjects. Outcome measures include BMI, glucometer, Waist circumference, Waist to hip ratio, Weight to height ratio. Results: Comparative study between Group A and Group B showed significant difference in BMI, Glucose level, Waist to height Ratio and waist to hip ratio except Waist circumference, with P value <0.0001 among diabetics and non-diabetics. Conclusion: The study concludes that non diabetic subjects who are obese always show increase in waist to hip ratio whereas diabetic who are obese always shows increase in waist circumference. Keywords: Obesity; Diabetics; BMI; Waist circumference; Waist to hip ratio.

A Model of Islamic Spirituality: A Systematic Scoping Review

2022DecemberJournal paperNURSING
Fatimah Yahya1, Samsiah binti Mat2, Santhna Letchmi Panduragan3  
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (4), 1384-1394, December 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I04.003

A Model of Islamic Spirituality: A Systematic Scoping Review

Fatimah Yahya1, Samsiah binti Mat2, Santhna Letchmi Panduragan3   Authors: 1,3Faculty of Nursing, Lincoln University College, Malaysia, Email: fatimahbarrack@gmail.com Corresponding Author: 2Professor,Faculty of Nursing, University College MAIWP, International (UCMI), Malaysia Email: drsamsiah@ucmi.edu.my Abstract Introduction: The concept of spirituality can be found in the Quran explicitly by elucidatedly using items such as pure and good life (Hayate-tayyebeh), (2017) and pure heart (Ghalbe-Salim) (2016). According to Quranic creeds a human being experiences a special life in his spirituality. Methods: Articles downloaded from Pub Med, Pro Quest and Google Scholar was reviewed. Results: The following categories: (1) spiritual health including performing prayer as a calmingtool, beneficence as a path to God; loss of psychological and spiritual support; faith as a wayto happiness; (2) Spiritual beliefs, with three sub categories including seeking help from Godin difficulties, God’s power over life and death, doing good deeds is the God’s will; and (3)Religious practice with three sub categories including performing prayer; reading Quran; and going to mosque, religious ceremonies and pilgrimage. Conclusion: According to Islamic literature, spirituality means the use of intellect, tendencies, and abilities to experience awareness of the origin of the universe, worshiping God, humility, submission, and trust, which is demonstrated by a man/woman in all of his/her actions. Keywords: Model of Islamic Spirituality; Quran; Systematic Scoping Review

A Study to Compare the Effectiveness between Otago Exercise And Modified Otago Exercise on Dynamic Balance Among Bharatanatyam Dancers

2022DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Bertilla Mullai M I1, G. Yuvarani2  
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (4), 1372-1383, December 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I04.002

A Study to Compare the Effectiveness between Otago Exercise And Modified Otago Exercise on Dynamic Balance Among Bharatanatyam Dancers

Bertilla Mullai M I1, G. Yuvarani2  

Corresponding Author:

1BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: bertillamullai@gmail.com

Co-Author:

2Associae Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Background of the study: Bharatanatyam is an Indian Classical Dance which involves rhythmic dance movements. There are various postures in the dance form in which dancers need optimum muscle strength and adequate range of motion at required joints. Dancers need good body balance to maintain the postures. The main purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness between Otago exercise and Modified Otago exercise on dynamic balance among Bharatanatyam Dancers. Methodology: This is an experimental study of Pre and Post comparative type. 20 Female Bharatanatyam Dancers were randomly selected for the study. The study setting was in Nritham; the School of Dance. Study duration is about 6 sessions in a week for 8 weeks. The inclusion criteria include only Female Bharatanatyam Dancers within the age group of 18–25 years. The recruited subjects were allocated into two groups, Group A received Otago exercise program and Group B received Modified Otago exercise program. The exercise program was given for 30 minutes per day for 8 weeks, before and at the end of the treatment session Star Excursion Balance test was assessed as outcome measure. Result: On comparing the mean values of Group A & Group B on Star Excursion Balance Test score for dynamic balance, it shows a significant increase in the post test mean values in both groups in all directions, but Group B was more effective than Group A at P ≤ 0.001. Conclusion: On comparing the effects between the groups showed Modified Otago Exercise Group B is more effective than Group A Otago Exercise.   Keywords:  Bharatanatyam Dance; Otago Exercise Program; Modified Otago Exercise Program; Star Excursion Balance Test; Dynamic Balance.

The Description of Independence Level of Post-Stroke Patients

2022DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
James W H Manik1*, Citra Puspa Juwita2, Ali Akbar3  
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (4), 1361-1371, December 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I04.001

The Description of Independence Level of Post-Stroke Patients

James W H Manik1*, Citra Puspa Juwita2, Ali Akbar3   Authors: 1,2,3 Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Corresponding Author: 1*Physiotherapy Program, FakultasVokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Email: jamesmanik@uki.ac.id ABSTRACT Background: The main source of disability that prevents individuals from being independent in doing everyday activities is functional movement disorders caused by bodily weakness in stroke conditions. This study aims to find out the level of independence of post-stroke patients. Methods: This study employs a descriptive quantitative approach based on the level of independence, type of stroke, and the side of the brain that is affected by stroke patients in Jakarta. Physiotherapists served as the enumerators for the study, which lasted for two months. The data were collected by observing and interviewing patients using the Functional Independent Measure (FIM) instrument. Results: A total of 101 stroke patients, including 78 ischemic stroke patients and 23 hemorrhagic stroke patients, were included in this study. A total of 40 individuals have left hemispheric lesions, of which 35 have ischemic types and 5 have hemorrhagic types. The overall number of patients with right hemisphere lesions is 61; of these, 43 have ischemic types and 18 have hemorrhagic types. Hemorrhagic stroke has a level of independence of 4.16 (SD + 1.06), while the ischemic stroke has a level of independence of 4.69 (SD +0.80). Ischemic stroke patients have a higher total FIM score than hemorrhagic stroke patients. Conclusion: Patients with ischemic stroke have a better level of independence than those with hemorrhagic stroke. Keywords: Stroke; Functional Independence Measure; Ischemic; Hemorrhagic; hemisphere

Effectiveness of Post Isometric Relaxation Technique Over Post Facilitation Stretching Technique For Patients With Trapezitis

2022Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Sathyaraja. R1*, Prabhuraja.R2, Mohan Kumar. G 3, Jibi Paul4, Sarala R5 Dhanabakiyam.l6
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (3), 1351-1360, September 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I03.005
Effectiveness of Post Isometric Relaxation Technique Over Post Facilitation Stretching Technique For Patients With Trapezitis Sathyaraja. R1*, Prabhuraja.R2, Mohan Kumar. G 3, Jibi Paul4, Sarala R5 Dhanabakiyam.l6 Authors 2,5Assistant Professor, Madha College of Physiotherapy, MadhaNagar,  Kundrathur, Chennai, T N, India. 3,4Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.M.G.R.Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. 6BPT Student, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. M. G. R. Educational and Research Institute, T N, India. Corresponding Author 1Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. M. G. R. Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail: sathyaraja.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in ABSTRACT Introduction: Trapezitis is an inflammation caused in the Trapezius Muscle which further leads to pain and spasm in the neck. It increases commonly among people who are work at desk and computers, drivers, tailors, painters who uses their neck muscles a lot. MET is an active muscle based treatment approach that involves the voluntary contraction of a muscle in a controlled direction against the counterforce provided by the therapist. Methodology: This is a comparative experimental study conducted at physiotherapy OPD, ACS Medical College and Hospital. Study duration was 2 weeks with 4 session .Patient aged between 20-45 years. The sampling was chosen on purposive sampling. The pre and post test were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI) and cervical lateral flexion ROM. In this study, 30 subjects are characterised into 2 groups of 15 subject each .Group A received post isometric relaxation technique and Group B received post facilitation stretching  technique.Both pre and post test were measured using VAS,NDI and cervical lateral flexion ROM.Inclusion criteria are age of patient 20-45 years,pain,muscle spasm and tenderness.Exclusion criteria are patient age below 20 years,any cervical injury,recent surgery over cervical region. Result: On comparing pre and post test for both group on VAS,NDI and cervical lateral flexion ROM,post facilitation streching technique show better result than post isometric relaxation technique in reducing pain,neck disability and improve neck ROM. Conclusion: The study concluded that post facilitation stretching technique was more effective than post isometric relaxation technique  for patient with Trapezitis.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome-A Narrative Review

2022Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Hazliza Razali1, Naresh Bhaskar Raj 2*, Wan-Arfah N3, Zakaria Yusoff4
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (3), 1343-1350, September 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I03.004
Hazliza Razali1, Naresh Bhaskar Raj 2*, Wan-Arfah N3, Zakaria Yusoff4 Authors: 1PhD Scholar,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. 3Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. 4Orthopedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab, 15100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Corresponding author: 2*Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. E-mail address: bnaresh@unisza.edu.my ABSTRACT Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common musculoskeletal disorder  resulting from ischemic response to the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. The thumb, index finger and middle finger are particularly affected by the compression of the median nerve through the carpal tunnel at the wrist. Methodology: There are several methods for diagnosing CTS, including history taking, physical examinations, diagnostic questionnaires, electrodiagnostic testing, and ultrasound. Provocative tests can be a part of the CTS diagnostic tools and are crucial components of the physical examination. Result: Physiotherapy intervention is widely applied as a conservative treatment and a non-invasive method in clinical settings. Conclusion: For patients with mild to moderate CTS symptoms, conservative treatment is beneficial and recommended by numerous studies.   Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Shock Wave Therapy, Physiotherapy intervention, symptom and hand function, Idiopathic

Efficacy of dry needling technique versus cervical manipulation technique on patients with Migraine

2022Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Jibi Paul1, D. Chengi Kousalya2
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (3), 1330-1342, September 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I03.003

Jibi Paul1, D. Chengi Kousalya2

Author:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India

Corresponding Author:

2MPT  Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India Mail Id: chengikousalya@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Migraine is serious health problem in 15% of general population. The patients with migraine exhibited active Trigger Points in their neck extensor muscles. Dry needling is a treatment using a thin filament sterile needle to puncture skin and create tiny lesions in a muscle, tendon, to help restore normal physiology function, and reduce pain. Needling has applications for myofascial pain, chronic pain, headache, migraine. Cervical Manipulation Technique has been used to reduce pain and improve range of motion and used  in the treatment of patients with head and neck disorders, including neck pain and stiffness, muscle-tension headache, and migraine.The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of dry needling technique versus cervical manipulation technique on patients with migraine.

Methodology: 30 patients were randomly divided into two groups; fifteen patients in the experimental group-A received cervical manipulation technique (3 times/week) and fifteen patients in the experimental group-B received Dry needling technique. The VAS and NDI were used as outcome measures.

Result: Comparing between Group A and Group B showed significant difference in effectiveness on pain and Neck disability with P value >0.0001 among patients with migraine. Group B with Dry needling technique found more effective than Group A with cervical manipulation technique with mean difference of (2.867) and (11.40) over (2.267) and (10.47) respectively.

Conclusion: Dry needling technique group is more effective over cervical manipulation technique on enhancing on pain and neck disability. Therefore, this study concludes that Dry needling technique is an effective intervention for migraine patients.

Key words: Visual analog scale, Neck disability index,cervical manipulation technique,Dry needling technique, Trigger points.

Nutrition Status of Children In Kebon Pala, Jakarta

2022Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Weeke Budhyanti*1, Lisnaini2
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (3), 1323-1329, September 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I03.002

Weeke Budhyanti*1, Lisnaini2

Author:

2Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Corresponding Author

*1Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Email id: weekeb@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background: Child development measured by their body height and weight, to projected to their predicted growth. We may find profile of national children growth, but rarely find the profile of the growth increments. This study conducted to find the nutritional status of children in Kebon Pala, Jakarta.

Methods:  This study is a quantitative descriptive research that used a quantitative approach to measure children body height, body weight, and their increments 3 months after initial assessment. The data compared with WHO growth standard to classify the nutritional status.

Results: 17.14% boy and 12.5% girl were short, 11.42% boys and 17.5% were tall, 17% boys and 23% were underweight, 11% boys and 10% were overweight, 43.75% boys and 85.71% girls wasted their height, 75% girls and 43.75% boys wasted their weight.

Conclusion: Prevalence of under nutrition not significantly higher than over nutrition, and prevalence of wasted happen from failure to gain weight and height.

Keywords: Child; Growth; Development; Body Mass Index

Compare the effectiveness of progressive resisted exercise, proprioception training and rhythmic exercises to improve quality of life among diabetic neuropathy

2022Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Jibi Paul1, D. Celin Margrate Sandhya2
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (3), 1311-1322, September 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I03.001
Compare the effectiveness of progressive resisted exercise, proprioception training and rhythmic exercises to improve quality of life among diabetic neuropathy Jibi Paul1, D. Celin Margrate Sandhya2 Author: 1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India Corresponding Author: 2MPT  Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India  Mail Id: clndesingh@gmail.com ABSTRACT Background of the study: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common long term complications of diabetes with major impact on patient’s quality of life. The primary objective of the study is to compare the effectiveness progressive resisted exercise, proprioceptive training and Rhythmic exercise to improve quality of life among diabetic neuropathy. The secondary objective of the study is to compare the social resilience of the effectiveness progressive resisted exercise, proprioceptive training and Rhythmic exercise to improve quality of life among diabetic neuropathy. Methodology: This was an Experimental study carried out in ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. Sixty samples with diabetic neuropathy population were selected by simple random sampling method. Samples were equally allocated into three groups (Group A.B and C) using lottery method. The study duration was about 6 months with intervention duration of 30 minutes per day/ alternative days for a week of 4 weeks. Lower extremity functions, QOL, NPRS were used as outcome measures. Group A received resisted exercises training, group B received proprioceptive exercise training and Group C underwent Rhythmic exercise Dependent t test were used to find out the effects within the groups. ANOVA were used to compare the effectiveness between the groups. Results:  Comparative study between Groups A, Group B, Group C showed significant difference in effectiveness of Lower extremity functional, Numerical pain rating and Quality of improvement with P value 0.0001 on functions of diabetic neuropathy patients. Conclusion:  The study concluded that proprioceptive training could improve the lower extremity functions than the progressive resisted and Rhythmic exercise training.                     Keywords: Balance; Diabetic neuropathy; Rhythmic exercise, LEFS, QOL, and NPRS.

Impact of Resistance Exercise Versus Diet Supplements on Iron Deficiency Anemia in Girls

2022Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
S. M. Divya Mary, P.Priyadharshini
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (2), 1302-1310, June 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I02.006

S. M. Divya Mary1, P.Priyadharshini 2

Author: 2BPT Internee, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and research institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India Corresponding Author: 1Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and research institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India Email id: divyamary.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in

ABSTRACT

Background of the Study: The objective of the study to determine the effect of resistance exercise versus diet supplements on iron deficiency anemia in girls. Anemia is a decreased hemoglobin level and red blood cells. Iron deficiency anemia is a common nutritional disorder affecting 30% of the adolescent. Nowadays most of the teenage girls are prone to IDA and 10 million cases are reported per year in India. Resistance exercise improves the muscle strength and it also enhances the demand of oxygen level, the underlying mechanism RBCs mainly comes from the bone marrow and it stimulates the erythropoiesis along with hyperplasia in hemopoietic bone marrow. Diets supplements are higher dosage of iron content are essential. The iron rich foods such as dried fruits, whole grains, ragi, spinach, soya beans, and sunflower seeds can be prescribed.

Methodology: The experimental study was conducted in ACS Medical College and hospital, Medical Department.30 Subjects will be selected by convenient sampling method and dividing into two groups randomly. The subjects were treated 3 sessions per week for about 3 months. Girls with age of 16-25 years and hemoglobin level 6-11g/dl was been included systemic illness, congenital anomalies, recent surgeries were excluded. Hemoglobintest were the outcome measure in the study.

Results: On comparing Pre-test and Post-test within Group A & Group B on hemoglobin level shows highly significant difference in Mean values at P ≤ 0.001.

Conclusion: This study concludes that the resistance exercise along with diet supplement had considerable effect in improving the hemoglobin concentration among the subject with IDA. However, the resistance exercise along with diet group was considered to be more effective than the diet supplements alone.

Keywords: Resistance exercise; Diet supplements; Teenage girls; Lack of interest.

Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Interventions on Symptom Severity and Hand Function in Patients with Idiopathic CTS

2022Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Hazliza Razali, Naresh Bhaskar RAJ, Wan-Arfah N, Zakaria Yusoff, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (2), 1287-1301, June 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I02.005

Hazliza Razali1, Naresh Bhaskar RAJ2, Wan-Arfah N3, Zakaria Yusoff4, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam5

Author:

1PhD student, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Co-Authors:

3Senior Lecturer,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

4Orthopedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab, 15100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.

5Senior Lecturer, Faculty of health and life sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia

Corresponding Author:

2Dr.Naresh Bhaskar Raj, Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), 21300 Terengganu, Malaysia. E-mail address: bnaresh@unisza.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been reported as valuable and beneficial treatment for musculoskeletal disorder. Over the last few years, ESWT became more widely employed in clinical practice, with certain clinical studies confirming significant efficacy. Clinically, ESWT has been utilised to treat a variety of musculoskeletal and peripheral neuropathy disorders, including CTS. ESWT’s low energy was proven effective in mild to moderate CTS. The aim of the study is to analyse the effect of three physiotherapy intervention on symptom and hand functions in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

Methodology: This study consisted of 52 male and female who had pain in their hands, either bilaterally or unilaterally. They were allotted into of three groups, Group A; received Ultrasound therapy (UST) combined with nerve and tendon gliding exercise,Group B; received Shock wave therapy (ESWT) combined with nerve and tendon gliding exercise and Group C; received only nerve and tendon gliding exercise, two times per week for four weeks. The outcome measure used was Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) to evaluate the symptom severity and functional status scale among the participants. The evaluation was performed at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and follow-up.

Results: Repeated measure ANOVA shows significant improvement (p<0.005) in all comparison based on time. The overall improvement in Group B from baseline to follow-up was a reduction of 48.43% in the symptoms and 55.2% increase in the functions and was significant (p<0.005).

Conclusion: This study concludes that the ESWT is an effective modality for idiopathic mild to moderate CTS. The beneficial effect of this non-invasive modality is safe and valuable to be used as one of physiotherapy modality in Malaysia.

Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Shock Wave Therapy; Ultrasound Therapy; Nerve and Tendon Gliding Exercise; Hand function; Idiopathic.

Treatment of Bell’s Palsy Structured Facial Re-Education Program Versus Conventional Treatment - A Comparative Study

2022Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Madan Mohan.M.R, Manjunatha.H, J.Ramesh Kumar
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (2), 1274-1286, June 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I02.004

Madan Mohan.M.R1, Manjunatha.H2, J.Ramesh Kumar3

Authors: 1MPT Graduate, Goutham College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 2Professor and Principal, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Corresponding Author: 3Associate Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Mail Id: rameshmpt@gmail.com
Background and Objectives: Bells palsy is an idiopathic facial paralysis of acute onset mostly attributed to a non-suppurative inflammation of facial nerve within the stylo-mastoid foramen. There are many unresolved views regarding the therapeutic approaches in the treatment of Bell’s palsy. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of structured facial re-education program over the conventional treatment program in reducing the facial impairments in patients with Bell’s palsy. Methods: Out of 20 subjects of Bells palsy, 10 were administered with electrical stimulation and 10 with Structured facial re-education program; once daily for 4 weeks. Analysis was based on the Facial Grading System scores before and after the treatment (On 1st and 30th day). Results: The patients who received electrical stimulation showed a significant mean improvement in FGS scores of 17.853 at P<0.05when compared to the conventional therapy group. Conclusion: Both Structured facial Re-education and Conventional treatment programs were found to be effective in treating Bell’s palsy; however patients the improvement seen in the structured facial re-education group was greater in terms of facial symmetry and facial impairments. Keywords:  Idiopathic Bells palsy; Facial Grading systems; Structured facial re-education; Conventional treatment.

Comparative effects of Laser therapy over Manual Mobilization along with Conventional therapy on Function in Frozen Shoulder

2022Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, S.Pavithra
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (2), 1261-1273, June 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I02.003
Jibi Paul1, S.Pavithra2
Author: 1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India Corresponding Author: 2BPT  Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India Mail Id: pavithrasakthi11@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the Study: Frozen Shoulder is also known as the Adhesive Capsulitis is a condition characterized by the stiffness and pain in the Shoulder joint. As a Physiotherapist we deal with these patients to improve their range of motion (Abduction and External Rotation) and reduce the stiffness and pain. Objective of the study is to find the comparative effects between the Laser Therapy and Manual Mobilization with Conventional Therapy on function in Frozen Shoulder.

Methodology: This is an experimental study of comparative type.  Total 30 subjects were selected for this study based on selection criteria. Each group was allocated with 15 samples, divided by random sampling method. Study was carried out at Physiotherapy department, A.C.S Medical College and Hospital, Chennai for duration of 4 weeks. Subjects with the age group between 40-60 years with stiffness and decreased ROM in the shoulder joint were selected for this study. Group A received laser and conventional therapy. Group B received manual mobilization and conventional therapy. VAS, SPADI and Goniometer were used as an outcome measurement tools. Study duration was 4 weeks and the intervention duration was 20 minutes per day for 3 days in a week.

Result: Group A with laser therapy found more effective than Group B manual therapy with mean difference of 49.67 and 13.40 respectively on abduction ROM and shoulder function. Pain reduced more in Group B than Group A with mean difference of 3.533 and 3.200 respectively.

Conclusion: The study concluded that Laser therapy and conventional therapy are effective in the improvement of pain and but manual therapy is more effective on improvement of shoulder range of motion.

Keywords: Frozen Shoulder; Adhesive Capsulitis; Laser Therapy; Manual Mobilization; Goniometer; VAS; SPADI.

Pain and Associated Functional Limitations of Wrist among Students using Smart Phone- A Cross Sectional Study

2022Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Jomi John, Ganga.S.Govind, Anjitha.P.P.
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (2), 1248-1260, June 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I02.002
Jomi John1, Ganga.S.Govind2, Anjitha.P.P.3

Author:

1Jomi John, Assistant Professor, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India. Email Id:jomijohn333@gmail.com

Co-Author:

3Anjitha P.P, BPT Student, CPAS School Of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India. Email Id:anjithaammu65@gmail.com

Corresponding Author:

2Ganga S Govind, BPT Student, CPAS School Of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India. Email Id: 99gsg9@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of Study: Smartphones become an indispensable part of human life. In the past decade, there is an increase in the number of smartphone users. Many studies reveals that, smartphone overuse may cause many musculoskeletal problems mainly on neck, shoulder, wrist, hand, upper back region etc. The purpose of the study was to find out the pain and associated functional limitations of the wrist due to smartphone use among students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students of different colleges around Kerala in July 2021. Data was collected through self-structured questionnaire and were sent to students as Google forms with informed consent attached to it. Out of 671 samples only 532 were following the inclusion criteria  and were selected for the study through convenient sampling. Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation scale was used to assess the pain and disability of the wrist joint. Results: The data analysis shows that, 58.08% subjects have mild pain, 18.6% students have moderate pain and 6.2% students have severe pain due to smartphone use. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a significant association between smartphone use with pain and functional disability experienced by the students in their wrist joint. Keywords: Cross-sectional survey; functional limitation; smartphone; students; wrist pain

Effectiveness of Exercises Performed on an Unstable surface on Pain, Lower Extremity Function, Balance and Strength in Post- Menopausal Female Patients with Tibio Femoral Osteoarthritis - A Literature Review

2022Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Akhila K, Saji. V.T
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 8 (2), 1238-1247, June 2022; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I02.001

Akhila K1, Saji. V.T2

Co-Author:

2Saji. V.T, Professor and Principal,  Cooperative Institute of Health Sciences, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India.

Corresponding Author:

1Akhila K, MPT Student, Cooperative Institute of Health Sciences, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India. Email Id: akhilasuresh1997@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Osteoarthritis is one of the most common disease causing disability and functional problems. Exercise therapy has recently become popular. It can improve the general function of the body and activities of daily living by enhancing the range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength of patients having osteoarthritis. Objective of the study was to establish or review existing studies evaluating the effectiveness of exercises performed on unstable surfaces on pain, lower extremity function, balance and strength in post-menopausal female patients with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis.

Methodology: Various articles from databases like Pub Med, Google scholar, science direct, research gate has been collected for analysis. It has retried through search by using keywords of osteoarthritis, post menopausal women, manual muscle test, pain and balance. Total 20 articles were included in the study and based on their findings a review was made.

Result: Strengthening of the hamstring in addition to strengthening of the quadriceps is beneficial for improving subjective knee pain, range of motion, and decreases the limitation of functional performance of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Conclusion: The present literature review concludes that exercise using unstable surface improved the symptoms of patient with osteoarthritis

Keywords: Osteoarthritis; Range of motion; Lower extremity function; Balance

Availability And Usage Of Electro Physical Agent Modality By Physiotherapist In East Jakarta

2022Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Beriman Rahmansyah, Lucky Anggiat
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, March 2022; 8(1); 1228-1237. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I01.008
Beriman Rahmansyah1, Lucky Anggiat2

Corresponding Author:

Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Email : beriman.rahmansyah@uki.ac.id

Author:

Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

 ABSTRACT

Background: In applying the physiotherapy interventions, physiotherapists frequently use electro physical agent (EPA) which is therapeutic modalities that have indeed become one of the popular therapies besides exercise therapy and manual therapy. This study aimed to identify the availability and usage of EPA by physiotherapists in East Jakarta, Indonesia.

Methods: This study used online survey research method. The target population was physiotherapists in East Jakarta who joined in the WhatsApp group of the Indonesian Physiotherapy Association, East Jakarta Branch. From 189 target respondents, only 73 respondents were willing to fill out the questionnaires given by the researchers.

Results:In the view from the availability of EPA modalities, most respondents or 91.8% answered the availability of electrical stimulation. It is followed by ultrasound therapy (84.9%). The least EPA modalities found in the respondent’s workplace were paraffin bath (23.3%). From the results, the use of EPA modalities in the form of ultrasound therapy and electrical stimulation was the most widely used. Subsequently, as many as 49.3% of respondents used the ultrasound therapy modality every day. A total of 45.2% of respondents used electrical stimulation modality.

Conclusion. The EPA modalities are quite widely available among physiotherapists in East Jakarta, Indonesia. The most widely available modalities are electrical stimulation, ultrasound therapy, and infrared radiation and in addition to the diathermy modality, which is also quite widely available. The availability of EPA tools is also in line with the frequency of use dominated by ultrasound therapy, electrical stimulation, and Microwave Diathermy.

Keywords: Electro Physical Agents; Modality, Intervention; Physiotherapy

Effect Of Plank Exercise On Diastasis Recti Abdominis Below Umbilicus In Postpartum Women

2022Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Lisnaini
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, March 2022; 8(1); 1219-1227. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I01.007
Lisnaini

 Corresponding Author:

 Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta

Mail id: lisnaini@uki.ac.id

 ABSTRACT

 Background: Diastasis Recti Abdominis (DRA) is a stretching and widening of the linea-alba which is a connective tissue that stretches in the middle of the abdomen that occurs in the second trimester to the third trimester and will continue until after delivery. Usually it cause complaints such as abdominal muscle weakness, lower back pain and posture disorders. Efforts that can be made to reduce the dilation of the postnatal linea-alba are by therapeutic exercise or physical exercise on the abdominal muscles. This study will focus on plank exercise was conducted to determine its effect on reducing the distance of the DRA below umbilicus.

Method: This research is a quantitative analysis with a quasi-experimental design that uses a two-group approach where the treatment was only given to one group and the other group only as a control.

Result: There was a reduction in the width of the diastasis rectus abdominis below the umbilicus by (67.7%) or as many as 42 people who did plank exercise while in the control group only (75.8%) or as many as 47 people who experienced a reduction in the width of the DRA lower umbilicus.

Conclusion: There is an effect of plank exercise on changes in the distance of the DRA below umbilicus and there is a relationship between plank exercise and a reduction in the width of the DRA below umbilicus in postpartum women.

Keywords: Diastasis Recti Abdominis; Postpartum; Plank exercise; Physiotherapy

Direct Access Physiotherapy Service Model In Primary Health Care Facility: An Observational Study

2022Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
James Wilson HasoloanManik, KiranaWardhani, Adinda Amira Putri, JeremiaBernardito, Abi Wiranata, Alberta YatiWulang, Lucky Anggiat
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, March 2022; 8(1); 1210-1218. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I01.006
James Wilson HasoloanManik1, KiranaWardhani2, Adinda Amira Putri3, JeremiaBernardito4, Abi Wiranata5, Alberta YatiWulang6, Lucky Anggiat7

 Corresponding Author:

7Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Email: lucky.panjaitan@uki.ac.id

Authors:

1Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

2-6 Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

 ABSTRACT

Background: Physiotherapists, as health care professionals, also have a role in providing main services in primary health care facilities. The practice of physiotherapy in the clinic can be done independently, or in collaboration or integrated with other health care professionals. Physiotherapy services with direct access will facilitate the patients to get physiotherapy services. This study aimed to observe one of physiotherapy service model with direct access in Indonesia.

Methods: This research is observational study and observed a clinic that provides direct access to the physiotherapy without having to go through a doctor or other health care professionals. The clinic being observed is the NT Clinic, which is an integrated clinic between general practitioners, medical specialists, and dentists.

Results: In a one-year service from January-December 2021, physiotherapists have handled 1,184 patient visits. The direct access to physiotherapy services at NT Clinic mostly treat patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Physiotherapists at NT Clinic also prioritize manual therapy with types of massage, joint mobilization, and stretching. Then intervention using ultrasound is also the most frequently used intervention and is followed by exercise therapy.

Conclusion.Physiotherapy services at NT Clinic are easy to reach by patients and are supported by medical specialists who can collaborate to provide optimal service to patients. Cases handled by physiotherapists at NT Clinic are musculoskeletal and neuromuscular. With direct access, physiotherapists can provide optimal services for patients based on the patient’s age, case, and appropriate intervention. Furthermore, physiotherapists can also provide referral options and receive referrals from medical specialists if needed.

Keywords:   Physiotherapy, Direct Access, Primary Health Care, Clinic.

A Comparitive Study To Analyse The Effectiveness Of Aerobic Exercise Versus Buerger’s Exercise In Varicose Vein Among Security Guards

2022Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
K. Kamatchi, Rajesh Kumar.N.T, Kandhasamy.S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, March 2022; 8(1); 1199-1209. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I01.005
K. Kamatchi1, Rajesh Kumar.N.T2, Kandhasamy.S3

Corresponding Author:

1Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Mail Id: kamatchi.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in

Co-Authors:

2, 3 MPT Students, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

 ABSTRACT

 Background: Varicose veins are torturous, widened superficial veins in the subcutaneous tissues of the legs which are often easily visible these are generally larger than 3mm in size. According to the population in India patients with varicose veins in India is about 15-20% of populations and is increasing day by day.  Objective of the study is to find the effectiveness of aerobic exercise versus Buerger’s exercise in varicose vein among security guards.

Methodology: This is a comparative study with 30 patients of the security guards from A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital. The inclusion criteria will be both males and females with the age group of 35 to 55 years and the patients having grade 2 oedema. In this study group A consists of 15 patients was trained with aerobic exercise training and group B consists of 15 patients was trained with Buerger’s exercises. Aerobic exercise was performed for 30 minutes per day for four sessions in a week and this was given for 12 weeks and Buerger’s exercises was performed for 30 minutes per day for four session in a week and this was given for 12 weeks. The pre and post-test values were compared using the VAS (visual analogous scale), 6- minute walk test.

Result: On comparing Pre test and Post test within Group A& Group B on Visual Analog Scale & 6 Minute Walk Test score showed highly significant difference in Mean values at P ≤ 0.001 but buerger’s exercise is more effective than aerobic exercise.

Conclusion: Buerger’s exercise is more effective on reducing  varicose vein among security guards

Keywords:  Varicose vein; Aerobic exercise; Buerger’s exercise.

Impacts of Endurance Training On Deep Cervical Flexor Muscles On Neck Pain Using Pressure Biofeedback

2022Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Kandhasamy.S, Meena.S, Rajesh Kumar.N.T
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, March 2022; 8(1); 1188-1198. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I01.004
Kandhasamy.S1, Meena.S2, Rajesh Kumar.N.T3

Corresponding Author:

1MPT Student, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Mail Id: aaronstark24@gmail.com

Co-Authors:

2Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

3MPT Student, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

 ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Neck pain is a common epidemiological problem in nowadays. Neck pain is more predominant in middle age and a typical condition influencing 20% to 70% of all inclusive community. Most instances of the neck pain are brought about by mechanical factors, for example, injuries and strains of the neck muscles or tendons. The objective of the study is to investigate the impacts of endurance training on deep cervical flexor muscles on neck pain using pressure biofeedback.

Methodology: A comparative study with 30 patients taken from the outpatient department of A.C.S Medical College and Hospital. Inclusion criteria were neck pain of VAS below 7, patients with forward head posture, cervical spondylosis, aged between 18 to 70, both genders with poor deep flexor endurance were selected for the study. Self-reported Performa was given to all the patients and then they will be divided into two groups. Group   a patient will be receiving strengthening exercises and deep cervical flexor training with pressure biofeedback and group b will be receiving strengthening exercises only. Both group receiving treatment duration for four times in a week up to four weeks. After 4 weeks treatment patients were improved by numeric pain rating scale, neck handicap file scale.

Results: Cervical movement has increased essentially after four weeks training in experimental group contrasted with that in control group.

Conclusion: Deep cervical flexor preparing with pressure biofeedback gives better clinical improvement as far as pain, cervical flexion, expansion ROM, DCF perseverance and NDI score.

Keywords: Neck pain; Deep cervical flexor; Pressure biofeedback.

Impact of Exercise VS Cognitive Therapy In Athletes With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

2022Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
S. M. Divya Mary, N. Koushik Kumar, Nelson Arputharaj John, T. Neelamalar
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, March 2022; 8(1); 1181-1187. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I01.003
S. M. Divya Mary1, N. Koushik Kumar2, Nelson Arputharaj John3, T. Neelamalar4

Corresponding Author:

1Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational & Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Mail Id: divyamary.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in

Co-Authors:

2 Faculty of Physiotherapy, Meenakshi academic of Higher education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

3 Departments of Physiotherapy, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia

4Physiotherapist, Fitness Zone, Tambaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Athletes are exposed to traumatic events that lead to long term psychological and psychosomatic sufferings. After an athlete experience a traumatic event, squeal may include post traumatic stress disorder. In current past year PSTD prevalence was 3.5% among women it was 7.5% and in men it was about 3.6%.

Methodology: A observational study is done with convenient sampling. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder DMS-5 was used as a measurement tool and their psychological and psychosomatic sufferings as an outcome measure. Athletes who have scored more than 5 in questionnaire were divided in two groups. Before starting the study they were assessed with PSTD-DMS5 scale. The subjects were randomly assigned into group A & B.  Group A were given behavioural therapy and aerobic exercise includes stepper exercise of 3weeks/session of 30mins/session. Group B were given behavioural therapy with aerobic exercise which includes daily brisk walking of 30 minutes before 8AM. All the 30 participants were made to meet the Psychologist weekly once to receive cognitive behavioral therapy of 12 visits of the whole study duration.

Result: On comparing the pre and post test values of group A and group B on PSTD shows significant difference in the mean values of p≤0.001.  Thus it has been proved that stepper aerobics exercise given in groups along with the music has greater significance.

Conclusion: There was improvement in post traumatic stress in athletes of both groups. However stepper aerobics and cognitive behavioural therapy showed more significant improvement than aerobics exercise and cognitive behavioural therapy.

Keywords:  Post traumatic stress disorder scale; Aerobic exercise; Cognitive behavioral therapy.

Effects of structured physical activity in improving attention among school going children

2022Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Vishnupriya.R, Srividya.G, Kannan.D
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, March 2022; 8(1); 1172-1180. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I01.002
Vishnupriya.R1, Srividya.G2, Kannan.D3

 Corresponding Author:

1PhD Scholar, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu and Professor, JKKMMRF College of Physiotherapy, Komarapalayam, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India

Mail Id: vpvishnupriyaa114@gmail.com

Co-Authors:

2Research Guide, Department of PMR, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India

3Professor/Principal, JKKMMRF, College of Physiotherapy, Komarapalayam, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India.

 ABSTRACT
Background of the study: Attention is the behavioural and cognitive process of selectively concentrating on a discrete aspect of information. Difficulty in maintaining attention in the classroom is the main factor for lower grades. However, as an emerging outlook in physiotherapy, engaging the underachievers in structured physical activity will enhance a attention skill.  Consequently it will have a tremendous positive impact on children’s academic performance. This study aimed to identify the effect of structured physical activity in improving attention skill among school-going children.

Methodology: The study is an experimental study design and it was conducted among forty Children after obtaining ethical clearance and written consent from the school and parents of these children. All the children were selected based on the selection criteria. All the forty children were randomly allocated into two equal groups.  The Children in Group A underwent structured physical activity for 60 minutes per day for three days a week for a period of five months. The children in Group B experienced relaxed indoor activities for 60 minutes and were given three days a week for five months. The pre and post therapy assessment was done using Mindful attention awareness scale (MASS) questionnaire. The SPSS statistical package 26.0 was used to analyze and compare the collected data.

Result:  The study result revealed a mean score of 31.68 ± 0.85 for Group A and 14.80 ± 0.87 for Group B with the p-value of 0.0001 which is highly significant.

Conclusion: This study concludes that structured physical activity aids in improving the attention skill of school-going children which in turn improves the academic performance when compared with the children who underwent relaxed in door activities.

Keywords: Attention; MASS; Structured Physical Activity; Relaxed Indoor Activities.

Effects of sitting pelvic tilt exercise and pelvic floor exercise during third trimester in primigravida on low back pain

2022MarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Indhu. K, Jayabharathi. R
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, March 2022; 8(1); 1165-1171. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2022.V08I01.001
Indhu. K1, Jayabharathi. R2

Corresponding Author:

1MPT Student, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai,Tamil Nadu, India

Mail id: indhusri330@gmail.com

Co-Author:

2Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

 ABSTRACT

Background of the Study: Low back pain is common condition during the pregnancy. The increased Lordosis of pregnancy combined with the effect of relaxin on the joint of the pelvis and the weight of gravid uterus results on anterior shift in the center of gravity which all together contributes to complain of low back pain during pregnancy. The main objective of the study is to find out the effects of sitting pelvic tilt exercise and pelvic floor exercise during third trimester in Primigravida on low back pain.

Methodology: This was an experimental study with pre and post intervention. The study setting was done in ACS medical college and hospital. Total 30 Primigravida women aged between 20-35 years selected by random sampling method. The selected women followed sitting pelvic tilt exercise and pelvic floor exercise for 8 weeks. Three sets per day with 10 repetitions per set. The outcome measures were determined by Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Primigravida (third trimester) Numerical pain rating scale score (4-6).

Result: The study revealed that sitting pelvic tilt and pelvic floor exercise shows better reduction in pain on comparing the pre-test and post-test values in low back pain on Primigravida women. It showed a significant difference in mean value (1.13) at p value < 0.0001.

Conclusion: The study concludes that sitting pelvic tilt exercise and pelvic floor exercise was effective on reducing pain intensity. Hence sitting pelvic tilt exercise and pelvic floor exercise is effective therapeutical option for the management of low back pain among Primigravida on third trimester.

Keywords:  Primigravida; Third trimester; Sitting pelvic tilt exercise; Pelvic floor exercise; Low back pain.

Comparative effect of Single Leg Bridging Exercise in Swiss ball over Forward Jump Exercise on patient with Functional Ankle Instability

2021DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Syeda Khanam P, Kondaka Indira Pavani, Jayalakshmi. N
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (4), 1155-1164, December 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I04.005
Comparative effect of Single Leg Bridging Exercise in Swiss ball over Forward Jump Exercise on patient with Functional Ankle Instability

Jibi Paul1, Syeda Khanam P2, Kondaka Indira Pavani3, Jayalakshmi. N4
Corresponding Author:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Mail id: physiojibi@gmail.com

Co-Author:

2Professor, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

3Professor, Montessori College of Physiotherapy, Vijayawada, Andra Pradesh, India

4BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Abstract

Aim and objective of the study: The main objective of the study is to find the comparative effect of single leg bridging in Swiss ball over forward jump exercise on patients with functional ankle instability. Secondary objectives of the study are to find the individual effect of single leg bridging in Swiss ball and forward jump exercise on patients with functional ankle instability.

Methodology: This is a comparative pre and post type study. 30 subjects  with age of 20-30 years of both male and female subjects were included in this study; they were divided in to 15 subjects in two groups. This study conducted at Department of Physiotherapy of  ACS Medical college and Hospital, Chennai, for 3 session in a week for 4 weeks. Group A were given receive single leg bridging exercise in Swiss ball and Group B were given forward jump exercise. Both group trained for 10 repetitions of exercise in each session. Pain and functional disability was measured before and after the intervention session using the measurement tools VAS and CAIT. The special test done for confirming functional ankle instability by Talar Tilt Test.

Result: Comparative study between Group A and Group B showed significant difference in effectiveness of pain and improve Ankle instability with P value >0.0001, among patients with functional ankle instability.

Conclusion:  This study is concluded that single leg bridging exercise found more effective on reduction of pain and improve ankle stability among patients with functional ankle instability.

Keywords: Swiss ball, Single leg bridging, forward jump exercise; Ankle instability; Visual analog scale (VAS); Cumberland ankle Instability Tool (CAIT)

Effectiveness of Cervical Muscle Endurance Training in Patients with Mechanical Neck Pain

2021DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Ramamurthy, Syeda Khanam P, S. Isaac Bala Singh
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (4), 1148-1154, December 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I04.004
Effectiveness of Cervical Muscle Endurance Training in Patients with Mechanical Neck Pain

Jibi Paul1, Ramamurthy2, Syeda Khanam P3, S. Isaac Bala Singh4

Corresponding Author:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Mail id: physiojibi@gmail.com

Co-Authors:

2Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

3Professor, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

4BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Abstract

Background of the study: Muscle endurance is the capacity of a gathering of muscle or muscle to support rehashed compressions against an obstruction for a lengthy timeframe. Due to neck pain the endurance of the cervical muscles is been reduced. Aim and Objective of the study is effectiveness of cervical muscle endurance in patients with mechanical neck pain.

Methodology: Patients in the age group of (35-50 years) with mechanical neck pain were included in study. 20 patients were selected with mechanical neck pain in A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. Cervical muscle endurance exercises of isometrics were given to the subjects to improve cervical muscle endurance. After 4 weeks the cervical endurance was measured by dial mode sphygmomanometer and analysis of the study was done. Outcome measures of the study were deep cervical flexors and cervical extensors muscle endurance has taken at pre-test and post-test at end of study.

Result: Paired t’ test t’ test was done to think about the post treatment scores of both the gatherings. The aggravation power is viewed as essentially diminished in Post-test than the Pre-test with p<0.001.

Conclusion: This review shows that the dynamic perseverance practice is advantageous in easing mechanical neck pain and ought to be consolidated alongside the customary physiotherapy treatment for mechanical neck pain.

Keywords: Cervical muscle; Mechanical Neck Pain; Muscle Endurance; Dial mode Sphygmomanometer.

Comparative effect of Aerobic Training versus Plyometric Training among Young Obese Women with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome

2021DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Syeda Khanam P, Prachi Jain, Abinaya.T
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (4), 1135-1147, December 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I04.003
Comparative effect of Aerobic Training versus Plyometric Training among Young Obese Women with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome

Jibi Paul1, Syeda Khanam P2, Prachi Jain3, Abinaya.T4

Corresponding Author:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Mail id: physiojibi@gmail.com

Co-Authors:

2Professor, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

3Assistant  Professor, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

4BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Abstract

Background of the study: Poly cystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, affecting 8 % – 12 % of women worldwide and is one of the most prevalent causes of infertility in women. The objective of the study is to compare the effect of aerobic training versus Plyometric training among young obese women with poly cystic ovarian syndrome.

Methodology: The study was an experimental design, comparative and pre -post type. The study setting is at SKATER Reviving Touch Clinic, Chennai, with sample size of 20 subjects based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study duration was about 12 weeks. The inclusion criteria were female subjects with age group between 21-30 years, menstrual abnormalities, previously diagnosed PCOS and Obese, BMI>25. Materials Used in the study were Treadmill (Walking), Elliptical trainers (Cycling), Skipping rope, Hurdle and Plyometric box. Outcome measure of the study was BMI, WHR and Regulation of menstrual cycle.

Result: On comparing Pre-test and Post-test within Group A & Group B on BMI, WHR and PCOS questionnaire Score shows significant difference in Mean values at P ≤ 0.001.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that the Aerobic training group was considerable to be more effective than Plyometric training group among young obese women with poly cystic ovarian syndrome.

Keywords: Poly cystic ovarian syndrome; Aerobic training; Plyometric training; BMI;Waist-Hip Ratio

 

 

The Comparative Study of Endurance Training and Quality of Life in Patient with Heart Valve Surgery

2021DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Swethaa. D, Meena, Tejaswee
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (4), 1122-1134, December 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I04.002
The Comparative Study of Endurance Training and Quality of Life in Patient with Heart Valve Surgery

Swethaa. D1, Meena2, Tejaswee

Corresponding Author:

1Associate Professor, Venkata Padmavathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andra Pradesh, E. Mail Id: dswethaa3@gmail.com

Co Authors:

2MPT Graduates, Venkata Padmavathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andra Pradesh

3MPT Graduates, AVM College of Physiotherapy, Kadapa, Andra Pradesh

Abstract

Background of the Study: Aerobic exercises have shown effect on decrease severity and mortality in tolerant with heart valve illness. Aim of the study was to find the endurance and quality of life in patient with heart valve surgery.

Methodology: This was an experimental study conducted in Post Surgical Cardiology Department of Sri Venkateswara Rama Narayana Ruya Government General Hospital, Tirupati. In this study, 60 patients are assigned into two Groups A and B, 30 in each group. Age group of 40-60 was selected for this study. Measurement tools and materials used for this study were Pulse oximeter, Sphygmomanometer, Cycle ergo meter, Stethoscope, Stop watch, Inch tape, Chair with arm rest, Cones, Shoes. Outcome measures used were 6 Minute walk and test, St. George’s respiratory questionnaire.

Result:  Endurance training  and quality of life showed significant improvement in  6- minute walk test and St. George’s respiratory questionnaire  between pre and post test.

Conclusion: This study shows that endurance training is effective improving the aerobic capacity and quality of life in patient with heart valve surgery patients.

Keywords: Quality of life; Heart valve surgery; Ergo meter; 6- minute walk test; St. George’s respiratory questionnaire

Body Mass Index and Fitness Level of Jakarta’s Young Adults

2021DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Weeke Budhyanti
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (4), 1113-1121, December 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I04.001
Body Mass Index and Fitness Level of Jakarta’s Young Adults

Weeke Budhyanti

Corresponding Author: 

Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Email id: weekeb@uki.ac.id

Abstract

Background of the study: Obesity is a health problem that leads to other problems. Controlling obesity among individuals requires their motivation so they may be engaged in programs created to control their lifestyle. Purposes of this study were to find a relation between body mass index and perceptual fitness level.

Methods: This study is a quantitative descriptive research that used a quantitative approach with cross-sectional analytic design among Jakarta’s young adults. Data collection used primary data of online-based-questionnaire that asks their physical profile, daily activity, sports participation, central fatigue levels, and prevalence of metabolic-related diseases. Data collected was tested by correlation test to find relations between these factors.

Results: There are no significant relation between body mass indexed with daily activity levels (r = 0.05), sports participation (r =-0.16), subjective feeling of fatigue (r = 0.00) and prevalence of metabolic-related-diseases (r =-0.19).

Conclusion: Body mass index did not related with daily activity levels (active or sedentary lifestyle), engagement in sports participation, subjective feeling of fatigue, and prevalence of metabolic-related-diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus).

Keywords: Body mass index; Physical activity; Fatigue

The Effect of Nerve Mobilization on the Median Nerve in Pain Perception of Electrical Stimulation

2021Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
James W H Manik, Beriman Rahmansyah
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1104-1112, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.009
James W H Manik1, Beriman Rahmansyah2

Corresponding Author:

1Lecturer, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Email: jamesmanik@uki.ac.id

Co-Author:

2Lecturer, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Background: Neuromobilization is a technique which is an application of manual therapy focused on nerve fibers with a sliding and stretching mechanism. Currently, it is often used as a form of diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal conditions with involvement of the nervous system. Increased nerve flexibility will reduce nerve sensitivity to painful stimuli. The use of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) electric currents in conditions of nerve disorders can help eliminate/reduce pain symptoms if the area given the TENS current has normal nerve sensitivity. This study aims to determine the effect of median neuromobilization on the perception of pain from electrical stimulation in the body parts innervated by the median sensory nerve.

Method: This study is an experimental research with Single Group Pretest Posttest Design. A research group with a subject of 50 people who will be measured electrical pain perception before and after being given neuromobilization. Pain perception examination was carried out by providing electrical stimulation to the left forearm using an electrical stimulation device brand BTL 4000 with a dynamic current type, constant current intensity 5Hz in 3 minutes. The instrument used to measure pain perception is the visual analog scale (VAS).

Results: Hypothesis testing with the Wilcoxon signed ranks test showed a significant decrease in pain perception after neuromobilization of the median nerve to the sample with a Z value of -2,956 and a p value (Asymp Sign. 2-tailled) of 0.003 (˂ 0.05).

Conclusion: Mobilization of the median nerve can significantly reduce the perception of electrical pain in the skin area innervated by the C6, C8 and Th1 spinal cord segments and the median nerve (palmar surface of the left forearm 1/3 distal and thenar area)

Keywords: Median nerve mobilization, Pain perception, Physiotherapy, Neuromuscular

Sports Rehabilitation Phases: A Literature Review

2021Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Lucky Anggiat
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1096-1103, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.008
Lucky Anggiat

Corresponding Author:

Lecturer, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Email: lucky.panjaitan@uki.ac.id

Background: Physiotherapists must have precise and accurate clinical decisions when dealing with an injured athlete because they must return to their sport activities as their job. The selection of the right intervention in the sports rehabilitation phase will certainly give good results to the athlete. This study aims to serve as a general guideline for the stages of exercise rehabilitation carried out by physiotherapists with the selection of appropriate physiotherapy interventions.

Methods: This study is a literature review study that took sources from online and offline literature. The literaturein form of books and journal articles that discuss the sport rehabilitation phase.

Results: From the search results, there are not many books and articles that specifically stated that there are phases in sports injury rehabilitation. Some sources are still more specific in a case or only show interventions that can be an option in the application of sports injury management regardless of phase. However, there is also some literature, mostly books, showing the application of progressive programs in sports injury rehabilitation in four phases.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the phase of sport rehabilitation carried out by a physiotherapist must have a clear stage based on the examination and the needs of the athlete. Typical sports rehabilitation phases are phases one to four with a focus on reducing pain in phase 1, increasing flexibility in phase 2, returning and increasing strength, endurance, agility, balance and proprioception in phase 3 and returning to sports in phase 4.

Keywords: Sport; Rehabilitation Phase; Intervention; Physiotherapy

Entrepreneurship Models In Physiotherapy Practice: An Observational Study

2021Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Novlinda Susy Anrianawati Manurung, Lucky Anggiat
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1088-1095, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.007
Novlinda Susy Anrianawati Manurung1, Lucky Anggiat2

Corresponding Author:

1Lecturer, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Email: novlinda.manurung@uki.ac.id

Co-Author:

2Lecturer, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Background: The development of entrepreneurial activities in society is the basis of the progress and prosperity of a nation. Currently the development of the age of the community is at a productive age which requires a prime or fit body condition and at an elderly age with a history of decreased movement activity which results in a decrease in quality of life. These existing problems are business opportunities that can be solved by physiotherapists by creating, building or opening a creative and innovative form of physiotherapy service business or physiotherapy entrepreneurship. This study aims to observe entrepreneurial activities carried out by physiotherapists.

Methods: this study uses a type of description taken from observations on 3 forms or models of business entities or physiotherapy entrepreneurship, in the form of: 1. independent clinics, 2. independent fitness training centers and 3. clinics in collaboration with doctors. Results: Based on the results of data searches and observations on the three physiotherapy entrepreneurial models, it can be seen the success of each entrepreneurial model. The independent clinic has a higher and higher level of difficulty, responsibility, creativity and innovation, while the clinical model that collaborates with doctors has a low level of difficulty with the division of responsibilities and has easier access to patients or clients compared to independent clinics.

Conclusion: The model for implementing physiotherapy entrepreneurial activities can be carried out independently in the form of clinics, fitness centers or in collaboration with doctors. Physiotherapy entrepreneurial activities have a contribution in creating job vacancies, solving health problems, and improving the welfare of society and the country’s economy.

Keywords: Physiotherapy; Entrepreneurship; Clinic

A Survey on the effect of high impact exercises on stress urinary incontinence in young women

2021Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Kavya Sree.P.P, Saji.V.T
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1080-1087, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.006
Kavya Sree.P.P1, Saji.V.T2

Corresponding Author:

1MPT Student, Cooperative Institute of Health Sciences,Thalassery, Kerala, India, Email id: kamalakshanppp@gmail.com

Co-Author:

2Principal and Professor, Cooperative Institute of Health Sciences, Thalassery, Kerala, India

ABSTRACT

Background: In the female population, stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a disorder in which elevated abdominal pressure caused by coughing, laughing, sneezing, or exercising results in accidental urine leakage. Women exercise in more significant numbers and learns about the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal advantages of regular physical activity.

Method: This is a Cross-sectional survey done at Ladies Fitness Centers Kannur and Kozhikode Districts in Kerala. Five hundred young women were selected who fulfils the inclusion and exclusion criteria by simple random sampling. The participant’s height and weight were measured to calculate BMI. The participants were given two questionnaires, ICIQ- SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form), which contains four primary items that require participants to rate their symptoms over the previous four weeks. The first two items are demographic, while the final one is self-diagnostic. The QUID (the questionnaire for urinary incontinence diagnosis) is the questionnaire in which six questions regarding urinary incontinence in which three items consist of stress urinary incontinenceand the remaining three items consist of urge incontinence symptoms. Both questionnaires were given to each participant and recorded.

Result: This study enrolled 500 young women with an average age of 22.77. 37.2% of the young women attending the gym had SUI while doing high-impact workouts.

Conclusion: The study reported that there is a risk of stress urinary incontinence during high impact exercises in young women. Both married and unmarried young women experienced leakage during high impact exercises. The finding suggests that continuous high-impact exercise may result in chronic mechanical stress of the pelvic floor.

Keywords: High impact exercises; Stress urinary incontinence; ICIQ-SF score; QUID score.

Study on Prevalence of forward head posture among young individuals wearing eye glasses

2021Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Manoj Abraham. M, Meenas Mohamed Sageer
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1072-1079, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.005
Manoj Abraham. M1, Meenas Mohamed Sageer2

Author:

1Principal, KG college of Physiotherapy (The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University), Thudiyalur Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India,  Email id: manojpt3@gmail.com

Corresponding Author:

2BPT Internee, KG college of Physiotherapy (The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University), Thudiyalur Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India,   Email id: skmeenaskm@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Wearing eyeglasses have a greater influence on adapting to abnormal head and neck posture. As our sensory system is created so efficiently where any obstruction to the visual field will be compensated by body posture. Using an eyeglass provide a  smaller visual field leading to a chronic postural adjustment of the neck causing deep neck flexor weakness and eventually adapting to forward head posture.Aim of the study was to spot the prevalence of forward head posture on people wearing eyeglasses.

Methodology: The study was conducted among 106 eyeglass wearing populations of age groups 19-38. The subjects were assessed subjectively by giving a self-designed questionnaire and objectively the Craniovertebral angle was measured using the photographic method at KG College of physiotherapy outpatient department, Coimbatore.

Result: The study found that 75% of the population was affected by forward head posture and there is a moderate correlation (r value= 0.64) of hours of wearing eyeglasses and craniovertebral angle.

Conclusion:  Supported the result obtained, it is found that there is a high prevalence of forward head posture in people wearing eyeglasses and it depends on the duration of wearing eyeglasses. Thus, the finding of this study revealed that it is important to comprehend that wearing eyeglasses harms head and neck posture and also the importance of assessing visual devices when patient complaints of neck pain and disability.

Keyword: Forward head posture; Eyeglasses; Craniovertebral angle.

Prevalence of Upper Crossed Syndrome Among Software Professionals

2021Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Manoj Abraham. M, Soumya Murali
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1061-1071, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.004
Manoj Abraham. M1, Soumya Murali2

Author:

1Principal, KG college of Physiotherapy (The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University), Thudiyalur Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India,  Email id: manojpt3@gmail.com

Corresponding Author:

2BPT Internee, KG college of Physiotherapy (The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University), Thudiyalur Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India, Email id: soumyamurali2818@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Upper crossed syndrome occurs due to muscular imbalance created in opposite muscle groups developing due to postural disturbances. It is presented with the simultaneous tightening of postural muscles and weakening of non-postural muscles in the upper body resulting in limited mobility. The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence of upper crossed syndrome among software professionals.

Methods: A randomized sampling of 106 software professionals was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research was a cross-sectional study where software professionals of age group 20-40 years having a daily working schedule of minimum of 3 hours and a maximum of 18 hours on computers were included. A self-designed questionnaire and Neck Disability Index were circulated among participants and were assessed by performing special tests.

Results: The prevalence of upper crossed syndrome among the software professionals is 55.6%. There is a positive linear relationship between the development of the upper crossed syndrome and the functional disability among the people and in the Neck Disability Index and the hours of working in front of computer.

Conclusion: This study illustrates that there is a significant prevalence of upper crossed syndrome among software professionals. Neck pain and functional limitation were presented as the main symptom that is in the verge of occurrence.

Keywords: Upper crossed syndrome, musculoskeletal imbalance, neck disability index.

Efficacy of Heavy Bags With 15% of Body Weight in Teenagers on Cervical and Shoulder Posture Alignment

2021Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Prachi Jain, Syeda Khanam P, Manjunatha H
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1049-1060, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.003
Prachi Jain1, Syeda Khanam P2, Manjunatha H3

Corresponding Author:

1Assistant  Professor, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Mail id: prachijphysio@gmail.com

Co-Authors:2, 3 Professor, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: This examination clarifies about the normal weight an understudy needs to convey to school. The pinnacle development happens during pubescence and the development of the affixed skeletal framework stops around 16 – 18 years for guys. The greater part of the investigations on the impact of burden carriage has been centered around patches and climbers fully intent on working on the strategies of burden carriage.

Methodology: This is an observational investigation with 50 male subjects included. With static and dynamic stacking with 15% body weight and changes in stride design in the two circumstances were caught. Subjects were on their own control where gauge or dumped pose is contrasted and act under two distinctive trial stacking conditions. Subjects were weighed with and without their school packs on the one set off aligned electronic scale.

Result: The mean upsides of Craniovertebral Angle (CV), Craniohorizontal (CH) point and Sagittal Shoulder act expanded in all trial load conditions in examination with dumped state. The mean upsides of Step Length (SL) decreased in unique stacking when contrasted with dumped condition while it was not appropriate if there should arise an occurrence of static stacking. No huge contrasts were found in CH Variance between the dumped condition and conveying school sacks weighting 15% body weight while in static stacking the CH Variance was expanded to practically twofold when contrasted with no heap and dynamic burden condition.

Conclusion: This experimental study supports that dynamic loading of the student with 15% of body weight, leads to significant change in cervical and shoulder posture compared to static loading with 15% of body weight and unloaded condition.

Keywords: Cranio-Horizontal Angle; Cranio-Vertebral angle; Sagittal Shoulder posture; Strength

Hygiene and Healthy Living Behavior and Stress During The Covid-19 Pandemic

2021Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Citra Puspa Juwita, Rosintan Milana Napitupulu
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1041-1048, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.002
Citra Puspa Juwita1, Rosintan Milana Napitupulu2

Author:

1Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Corresponding Author:

2Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Mail id: rosintan.napitupulu@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background: Our awareness of coexistence with the covid-19 virus, forces us to carry out hygiene and healthy living behaviors which we have been ignoring. Objective of thestudy is to find out the description of hygiene and healthy living behavior before and during the pandemic as well as the psychological during the pandemic.

Methods: Descriptive with a quantitative approach, data collection using a questionnaire of nine hygiene and healthy living behaviors indicators and stress indicators.

Results: Hygiene and healthy living behavior of 245 respondents before the pandemic was still low, especially in sports behavior 0.06%, behavior wearing masks when leaving the house 15% and washing hands before entering the house 16%. Changes in behavior during the pandemic occurred in the behavior of respondents using masks when leaving the house as much as 75%, washing hands before entering the house 50%, and washing hands with soap as much as 37%. The Psychological condition of respondents during the pandemic 67% felt stressed about personal and family health, 77% of respondents took more vitamins than before the pandemic.

Conclusion: There was a change in respondents’ hygiene and healthy living behavior during the pandemic.

Keywords: PHBS; Hygiene and healthy living behaviors; Behavior change; Covid-19.

The Association Between Knowledge And Practice Of Body Mechanic Technique Among Nurses In Emergency Department From Hospital In North Borneo

2021Journal paperNURSINGSeptember
Nazrin Ahmad, Ting Shau Chen,Mazlinda Musa , Hamidah Hassan, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim, Soong Shui Fun, Siti Fatimah Saad, Rohani Mamat
IJMAES, Vol 7 (3), 1034-1040, September 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.001
Nazrin Ahmad1, Ting Shau Chen2,Mazlinda Musa3 , Hamidah Hassan4, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim5, Soong Shui Fun6, Siti Fatimah Saad7, Rohani Mamat8

Authors:

4,6,7,8 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine& Health Science, University Malaysia Sabah.

1,2Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Nursing & Allied Science, Open University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.

5Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine& Health Science, University Malaysia Sabah

Corresponding Author:

3Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine& Health Science, University Malaysia Sabah. Mail id: mazlinda@ums.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Body Mechanic Technique (BMT) is a method of moving throughout daily activities, and good body mechanics can help you avoid injury and lower back pain.The aim of this study is to identify the level of knowledge and level of practice among nurses in Emergency Department, Hospital in North Borneo, Sabah regarding Body Mechanic Technique and their relationship.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 staff nurses from Emergency Department, Hospital in North Borneo. Data was collected using validated questionnaire with 15 minutes to timeframe to answer all questions. Data then was analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Coefficient, aided with IBM’s Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) Version 25 statistic software.

Result: From this study, it is revealed that majority of the respondents had fair level of knowledge (77.5%) and majority of respondents had good level of practice (55%) regarding BMT. The study also revealed that there is weak correlation between level of knowledge and level of practice regarding BWT, as the Pearson Correlation Test indicates that p value is 0.128.

Conclusion: Overall, the level of knowledge and practice regarding BMT among in nurses in ED Hospital in North Borneoare generally fair and there still opportunity for improvement to prevent occurrence low back pain and its complication in the future.

Keywords: Knowledge; Practices; Low Back Pain; Nurses; Body mechanic technique

 

Behavior of health care professionals to promoting of Physical Activity in the Pandemic Covid-19

2021Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Citra Puspa Juwita, Desy Simanjuntak
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (2), 1026-1033, June 2021. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I02.007
Behavior of health care professionals to promoting of Physical Activity in the Pandemic Covid-19

Citra Puspa Juwita1, Desy Simanjuntak2

Author:

1Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Corresponding Author:

2Medical Faculty, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Email: desy.simanjuntak@uki.ac.id

Abstract

Background of the study: Health care professionals are professionals who can be at the forefront of being able to promote physical activity so that immunity is maintained. Purpose: For this reason, it is necessary to know how the perceptions and attitudes of health care professionals towards the behavior of promoting physical activity.

Methods: This study used a quantitative approach with cross sectional analytic design. The study population was doctors, nurses, and physiotherapists in seven developing provinces in Indonesia, with a sample size of 400. Data collection used primary data with an online questionnaire containing statements with Likert scale answers that had been tested for feasibility. Chi square test will be used in testing the hypothesis of the study.

Results: There is a relationship between perceptions of the promoting behavior of physical activity of Health care professionals in Indonesia (p value= 0.01) and good perceptions will support promoting behavior 2.4 times better than those with less perceptions (OR = 2.397). There was no significant relationship between attitudes and physical activity promoting behavior among Health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion: Good perceptions will support 2.4 times the occurrence of physical activity promoting behavior among Health care professionals.

Keywords: Perception; Attitude; Behavior; Promoting; Covid-19.

The outcome of pain intensity following Physiotherapy Rehabilitation for non-specific Low Back Pain- A retrospective study at Private Healthcare Institute in Negeri Sembilan

2021Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Izham Zain, Aidil Anuar, Ahmad Hakim
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (2), 1020-1025, June 2021. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I02.006
The outcome of pain intensity following Physiotherapy Rehabilitation for non-specific Low Back Pain- A retrospective study at Private Healthcare Institute in Negeri Sembilan

Izham Zain1*, Aidil Anuar1, Ahmad Hakim2

Authors:

1Physiotherapy Department, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

2Physiotherapy Department, KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Corresponding Author:

1*Physiotherapy Department, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Email: izham@kpjuc.edu.my

Abstract

Background and Objective: Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is described as back pain with no specific underlying pathology. The incidence of non-specific low back pain is relatively greater in worker that required high physical demand in executing daily task. Physiotherapy intervention is a choice of treatment option to restore function. The aim of study is to determine the outcome of physiotherapy rehabilitation in treating non-specific LBP.

Method: A cross-sectional retrospective study was used in this study. A 120 patient’s data was collected at the private institution in Negeri Sembilan. The numerical pain rating score (NRS) for pre and post physiotherapy intervention is recorded.

Results: A total of 120 respondents involve in this study. Male represents 51.7% and remaining was female. The physiotherapy interventions vary and 40% of respondents received a combination of exercise, ultrasound, interferential, cryo as their physiotherapy intervention. Less than 30% utilized other combination modalities. There’s significant reduce of pain rating between pre and post intervention with mean difference of 1.60 (95% CI 1.46, 1.75. The mean of pain score for all of three groups was lower in post physiotherapy intervention where it reduces by 1.65 in the first group, 1.34 in the second group and2.23 in the third group post intervention.

Conclusion: Study signifies that physiotherapy intervention at KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital was effective in managing the pain level for non-specific low back pain patients.

Keywords: Non specific low back pain, physiotherapy modalities, pain score

 

A cross sectional retrospective study: The pain outcome of Physiotherapy Rehabilitation for cervical spondylosis at Private Healthcare Institute In Negeri Sembilan

2021Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Izham Zain, Jeremiah Daniel, Ahmad Hakim
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (2), 1013-1019, June 2021. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I02.005
A cross sectional retrospective study: The pain outcome of Physiotherapy Rehabilitation for cervical spondylosis at Private Healthcare Institute In Negeri Sembilan

Izham Zain1*, Jeremiah Daniel1, Ahmad Hakim2

Authors:

1Physiotherapy Department, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

2Physiotherapy Department, KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Corresponding Author:

1*Physiotherapy Department, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Email: izham@kpjuc.edu.my

Abstract

Background: Cervical spondylosis physical therapy plays an important role in alleviating pain and reducing the symptoms. Physiotherapy treatments for cervical spondylosis is crucial and essential as patients who are affected presents with limited mobility, and one wrong step can result in excruciating pain and discomfort. Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to study the outcome of physiotherapy rehabilitation by comparing the mean difference of pain score between pre and post treatment.

Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital. Respondents age within 30- 60 years old, had been diagnosed of cervical spondylosis and underwent physiotherapy treatment in KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital. Respondents with the history of pathological changes in the cervical spine, congenital disorder, nerve root compression were excluded. Data collection was done through physiotherapy treatment card obtained from KCIS (KPJ Clinical Information System). Check list were used to record the data, and data were analysed and interpreted into results using Paired t-test.

Results: A total of 120 respondents involve in this study. There are varieties of treatment modalities used in treating such conditions. The combination of Neck exercise, Neck traction, Ultra Sound, Interferential and Hot Pack were the most common used in treating cervical spondylosis (39.2%). The least treatment combination (29.2%) is Neck exercise, Neck traction, Shock Wave Therapy and Interferential. All treatment combination group has a significant reduction of pain score (p < 0.05) on post physiotherapy interventions with mean difference of 1.78 (95% CI; 1.57, 2.00).

Conclusion: Study validates that the whole physiotherapy rehabilitation, and three major intervention categories used were effective in managing pain of Cervical Spondylosis.

Keywords: Cervical Spondylosis, Physiotherapy Interventions, Pain score.

Body Mass Index status and associated lifestyle factors among Nursing students in University Malaysia Sabah

2021Journal paperJuneNURSING
Soong Shui Fun, Hamidah Hassan, *Mazlinda Musa, Chyretta Burno,   Mohd Ishkandar Nazlan, Wihelmina Michael
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (2), 1003-1012, June 2021. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I02.004
Body Mass Index status and associated lifestyle factors among Nursing students in University Malaysia Sabah

Soong Shui Fun1, Hamidah Hassan2, *Mazlinda Musa3, Chyretta Burno4,   Mohd Ishkandar Nazlan5, Wihelmina Michael6

Authors:

1-6Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Corresponding Authors:

*Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, Email id: mazlinda@ums.edu.my

Abstract

Introduction: The Ministry of Health Malaysia over the last 20 years has initiated healthy lifestyle campaign to curb obesity but the issue has remained an escalating problem affecting Malaysians. Obesity among students in higher institute is a concern. Undergraduate student nurses as role-model advocating health, being overweight can be a problem. This study is to identify BMI status and determine associated lifestyle factors among undergraduate nurses in UMS.

Methods: The study deployed a cross-sectional descriptive survey using a questionnaire to empirically asses BMI status and associated dietary and exercise practice among student nurses. Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from University Malaysia Sabah (UMS) Research Ethical Committee (REC) and as well as respondents` consent. A total of 100(N) nursing students were selected through stratified sampling by year of study Random sampling for each year of study was done using full name list generated using Microsoft excel. The study tool consists of a validated instrument which captured the respondent’s demographics, BMI index, Healthy Eating Practice Index, and Exercise Practice Inventory.

Results: Among the 100 student nurses in this study, 28 students had BMI index of more than 24.9 (either being overweight, obesity Type I or Type II). Students from final Year 3 are significantly overweight (p=0.03) compared to Year 1 or Year 2 students. Comparing respondents with optimum BMI and non-optimum BMI, students who are overweight had significantly poorer healthy eating practice scores and poorer exercise practice scores.

Conclusion: Findings from this study revealed that 1 in 4 nursing students are overweight mostly related to poor lifestyle habits. These findings raise the rhetoric and implication of overweight nurses as health care role –models.

Keywords: Body Mass Index, Student Nurses, Eating Practice, Exercise Practice, Role-model

Effectiveness of aerobic exercise with Shortwave Diathermy versus strengthening exercise with Shortwave Diathermy in Osteoarthritis Knee

2021Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Arunselvi. J , D. Rose Mary, Srilakshmi Moses
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (2), 994-1002, June 2021. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I02.003
Effectiveness of aerobic exercise with Shortwave Diathermy versus strengthening exercise with Shortwave Diathermy in Osteoarthritis Knee

Arunselvi. J 1, D.Rose Mary2, Srilakshmi Moses3

Authors:

3Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and research institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Corresponding Author:

2BPT Internee, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and research institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

1Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and research institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India. Mail id: ewencathy03@gmail.com

Abstract

Background of the study: Osteoarthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, characterized by progressive degeneration of the articular cartilage, resulting in loss of joint space. The objective of the study was to show the effectiveness of aerobic exercise with shortwave diathermy versus strengthening exercise with shortwave diathermy for people with OA.

Methodology: It was an experimental study with pre and post comparative test type. The Study was conducted at physiotherapy OPD, ACS Hospital, Chennai.30 subjects of both male and female with age group of above 50 years with a clinical diagnosis of Osteoarthritis were randomly selected and equally divided into two groups. Group A received aerobic exercise with shortwave diathermy and Group B received strengthening exercise with shortwave diathermy 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks. WOMAC osteoarthritis index and sit to stand test were used as outcome measures.

Results: Comparative study between group A and group B showed a significant difference in knee function with P value >0.0001.

Conclusion: The study concluded that strengthening exercise with shortwave diathermy was more effective than aerobic exercise with shortwave diathermy on knee function among OA patients.

Keywords: OA Knee; Aerobic exercise walking; Strengthening exercise; Short Wave Diathermy; WOMACS; Osteoarthritis index

A comparative study between aerobic exercise and onshore exercise on severity of pain and quality of life in women with varicose veins

2021Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Sri Lakshmi Moses, Arunselvi. J , Sasibala. K
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (2), 985-993, June 2021. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I02.002
A comparative study between aerobic exercise and onshore exercise on severity of pain and quality of life in women with varicose veins

Sri Lakshmi Moses1, Arunselvi. J 2, Sasibala. K3

Authors:

2Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and research institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

3BPT Internee, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and research institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Corresponding Author:

1Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and research institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India. Mail id: srilakshmimoses@gmail.com

Abstract

Background of the study: Varicose Veins are subcutaneous twisted superficially dilated veins, often in blue or dark purple colour for at least larger than 3mm in size most commonly located on lower extremity. Especially for females due to overweight, prolong period of standing or sitting, age etc. Regular exercise will stimulate blood circulation, improve muscle strength and help to prevent a varicose vein. The purpose of the study is to investigate effect of Aerobic Exercise and Onshore exercise on severity of pain and quality of life in woman with Varicose Veins.

Methodology: It was an experimental study with comparative pre and post-test type. The study was conducted at physiotherapy outpatient department ACS medical college & hospital, Chennai. The subjects were 30 females with 35-55years of age, with deep veins thrombosis were selected and divided into two groups (Group-A, Group-B). The duration of study was for 8 weeks, 30mins day, with four sessions. Pre and post measurement will be taken by using visual analogue scale (VAS) and SF-36 questionnaire scale short form health survey grading the level of varicose veins. Group-A were given Aerobic exercises. Group-B were given Onshore exercises.

Result: On comparing pre-test & post-test between Group A & group B on visual analogue scale & SF-36 questionnaire score shows highly significant difference in mean values at P >0.001.

Conclusion: The study concluded  that onshore exercise is effective in the treatment of varicose Veins compared to Aerobic exercise.

 Keywords: Varicose Veins; Aerobic exercises; Onshore exercises; SF36; Visual Analogue Scale

To evaluate the effects of Zumba on aerobic fitness, body composition, psychological well being and stress in women between the age group of 30-50 years:  An interventional study

2021Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Aakanksha Sanjay Pandit, Vijayendra Rajguru
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (2), 975-984, June 2021. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I02.001
To evaluate the effects of Zumba on aerobic fitness, body composition, psychological well being and stress in women between the age group of 30-50 years:  An interventional study

Aakanksha Sanjay Pandit1, Vijayendra Rajguru2

Author:

2Professor, St. Andrews College of Physiotherapy, Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Email: vijendrarajguru777@gmail.com

Corresponding Author:

1L H Hiranandani Hospital, Hill Side Avenue, Hiranandani Gardens, Powai, Mumbai, India

Email: panditaakanksha97@gmail.com

Abstract

Background of the study: Physical inactivity is one of the major public health concerns since it increases an individuals’ risk of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a 12-week Zumba dance intervention on cardio-respiratory fitness and psychological health among women.

Methodology: This was an experimental study with 30 women aged between 30-50 years, who were not involved in any exercise other than Zumba dance with regime for 12 weeks. Data was analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: There was a mean spike of 8.35 ml/kg/min in Aerobic fitness with a mean reduction by 1.5 in the fat mass, mean spike by 1.9 in muscle mass, mean reduction in fat percentage by 2.8%, mean reduction by 1.5 kg/ m2 in the BMI, mean reduction of 3.2 kg in body weight, mean spike by 2.1 in Psychological well being, mean reduction by 10.4 in Stress. All of them were statistically significant with P<0.002.

Conclusion: Zumba is effective on all the assessed components on cardio-respiratory fitness and psychological health among women.

Keywords: Zumba dance; Physical inactivity; Aerobic fitness; Cardio-respiratory fitness

Efficacy of vastus medialis oblique muscle and hip abductor strengthening on pain and functional ability in patients with knee osteoarthritis

2021Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Ishwarya vardhini. C, Nelshiya Anni Ruby Aishwariya. H. P
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 7 (1), 969-974, March 2021. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I01.007

Efficacy of vastus medialis oblique muscle and hip abductor strengthening on pain and functional ability in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Ishwarya vardhini. C1, Nelshiya Anni Ruby Aishwariya. H. P2

Author:

1Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and research institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Corresponding Author:

2BPT Internee, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and research institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Email id: nelshiyaannirubyaishwariya@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Osteoarthritis (OA) knee is a commonest degenerative disorder, accompanied by pain,   muscle weakness, and decreased ability to carry out activities of daily living. Strengthening of VMO is the exercise choice commonly used. Studies suggest that strengthening of hip abductor; can reduce the KOA-associated symptoms. Objective of this study was to find whether VMO in combination with hip abductor strengthening can improve the function and reduce pain in KOA.

Materials and methods: 30 subjects with grade 1- KOA of both the genders belonging to age group from 45-60 years were chosen and subjected to VMO & hip abductor strengthening for a period of 12 weeks.  Pre and Post exercise outcome scores were measured using VAS and WOMAC scale.

Results: This study showed a substantial   improvement of pain, stiffness and physical function in subjects who underwent VMO and hip abductor strengthening program. P-value on VAS and WOMAC scale was less than 0.0001 which was found significant.

Conclusion: Hip abductor along with VMO strengthening is a better health interventionin subjects with Grade 1 Osteoarthritis knee .Thus hip muscle strengthening can serve a better intervention in slowing the progression of disease and reduction of symptoms in grade -1 KOA.

Keywords:  Grade-I-KOA; Hip Abductor Strengthening; Vastus Medialis Obliqus (VMO); WOMAC; VAS.

Effect of movement therapy in individuals with abnormal head posture

2021Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
M. Divya Mary, S. Bhargavy
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 7(1); 960-968, March 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I01.006

Effect of movement therapy in individuals with abnormal head posture

M. Divya Mary1, S. Bhargavy2

 Author:

2BPT Internee, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and research institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Corresponding Author:

1Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and research institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Email id: divyamary.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Forward head posture is the anterior positioning of the “cervical spine”. This posture is sometimes called “text neck” or “reading neck”. Mostly the targeted group is younger & older adults. The main reason is our sedentary lifestyle-sitting at computers for hours, playing games continuously, driving for long distance time. Objective of the study is to find out the effectiveness of conventional exercise over fencing exercise to correct the forward head posture in individuals with abnormal head posture.

Methodology: this study is the experimental design comparative pre & post type.30 subjects will be divided into two groups. Group a will be given conventional exercise & group b will receive fencing exercise. Ruler measurement & Cranio vertebral angle will be used as outcome measures.

Result: on comparing pre test & post test within group a% group b on ruler measurement & cranio-vertebral angle shows highly significant difference in mean values p ≤ 0.001.

Conclusion: This study shows that there was improvement in forward head posture in both groups. however conventional exercise(Group-A) showed more improvement than fencing exercise (Group-B) & to correct forward head posture & brings them back to normal posture.

Keywords: Fencing exercise; Ruler measurement; Forward head posture; Cranio-vertebral angle.

Effectiveness of progressive resisted exercises among women on bone mineral density

2021MarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Vijayalakshmi B, Padmanabhan K
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 7(1); 954-959, March 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I01.005

Effectiveness of progressive resisted exercises among women on bone mineral density

Vijayalakshmi B1, Padmanabhan K2

Author:

2Associate professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and research institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Corresponding Author:

1MPT Student Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and research institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Email id: vijayalakshmi260497@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Osteoporosis is reduced density of bone due to vitamin D deficiency, which can be prone for bone fracture. Bone mineral density (BMD) has to be checked routinely to screen out its deficiency. Osteoporotic fractures in India occur commonly in both sexes, and many occur at a younger age. Objectives of the study are to find the status of BMD among women using calcaneal ultrasound bone densitometer (QUS) and the effect of progressive resisted exercises (PRE) on BMD.

Methodology: It is an Experimental study, the study was conducted among women, of ‘’Bone Mineral Density Free Camp’’ organized at the ACS Medical College and hospital, Chennai. A total of 270 subjects (women) were screened by using Calcaneal Ultrasound Heel bone densitometer (QUS), out of which 66 subjects were detected with Osteoporosis. They were randomly assigned into Group A (Calcium supplements +Progressive Resistance Exercises) and Group B (Calcium supplements) by Randomized Control Trial (RCT) method. The duration of this study was three months.

Results: The study has reported there is a significant difference after post test t-score measurements between group A and group B. The mean of Group A was higher than that of Group B.

Conclusion: This study has recommended doing resistance exercises to prevent growing Osteoporosis among women. Calcaneal Ultrasound measurement could be a useful tool to asses BMD.

 

Keywords: Osteoporosis, Bone mineral density, Progressive resisted exercises, Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound Densitometer.

 

A cross-sectional study of the risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Physical activity levels among the residents of a private teaching institution

2021Journal paperMarchMedical Imaging
Dinesh M.L , Shasindrau B.R , Lavinan Gukacumaran
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 7 (1); 943-953, March 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I01.004
A cross-sectional study of the risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Physical activity levels among the residents of a private teaching institution

Dinesh M.L1 , Shasindrau B.R2 , Lavinan Gukacumaran2

Authors:

2Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Corresponding Author:

1Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, Mail Id:  dinesh@kpjuc.edu.my

 

ABSTRACT

Background of the Study: One of the most significant risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is physical inactivity. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common condition among chronic liver disorders globally. Early diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease plays a vital role in the awareness of the condition, its severity, and the preventive care plan. This study aims to determine the level of physical activity among residents of a private educational Institution in Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.


Methodology: The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Demographic Questionnaire was used to conduct a cross-sectional study. A convenience sample of 162 respondents voluntarily participated in the study. Of the 162 respondents analysed, 73 (45.1 %) were found to have a low level of PA (mean: 1.75; SD: 3.14; p<0.05).


Result: The observations revealed that the amount of PA decreases with age and that younger adults have more PA than older adults (p<0.05), as well as women have a low level of PA compared to men (p<0.05). The findings also demonstrate a meaningful relationship with the low PA level between occupational status and educational levels (p<0.05). 34 (70.8 %) of the 73 low PA participants were obese, with a significant difference from other BMI groups(p<0.05).


Conclusion: This research concluded that most of our respondents followed a sedentary lifestyle with physical inactivity and a clear demographic relationship. Therefore, it is believed that nutritionists and sports experts should plan programmers and tools within the university community. It can provide residents with assistance in choosing appropriate physical activities with improved healthy governance.

Keywords: Physical Activity, BMI, Demographic, Non-Alcoholic, Fatty Liver Disease.

Effect of inspiratory muscle training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on dysponea and exercise tolerance

2021Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Syeda Khanam. P, Manjunatha. H, Thummala S. Pavani
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 7(1); 933-942, March 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I01.003

Effect of inspiratory muscle training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on dysponea and exercise tolerance

Syeda Khanam. P1, Manjunatha. H2, Thummala S. Pavani3

Corresponding Author:

1Professor, East College of Physiotherapy, Bidrahalli, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Co Authors: 2Principal, East College of Physiotherapy, Bidrahalli, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 3Assistant Professor, East College of Physiotherapy, Bidrahalli, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT

Background and purpose: This study was to find the effect of inspiratory muscle training on dyspnoea and exercise tolerance among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Methods: It is a randomized control study of 30 COPD participants with 15 in each control and experimental group. Experimental group underwent inspiratory muscle training with threshold IMT device in the physiotherapy department, where subjects have to breathe against various threshold levels, 30sets/sessions where as control group underwent only breathing and general mobility exercises at home. The training lasted for 20-30 minutes, twice daily 6days per week, and was continued over the course of 4 weeks duration. Parameters included were 6minutes walk test, MRC dyspnoea grade, PEFR values. The data collected data of control and experimental group was compared to find the outcome.

Results: Before interventions, all patients showed increased dyspnoea levels and reduced exercise tolerance. After interventions they all exhibited reduced dyspnea and increased exercise tolerance based on 6min walk test, MRC dyspnoea grade, PERF Parameters. Control group patients didn’t exhibit any improvement in any of the parameters.

Conclusion: The results support that inspiratory muscle training is more effective on reducing dyspnoea and increasing exercise tolerance among COPD patients.

Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary; Dyspnoea; Exercise tolerance; Inspiratory muscle training  

 

Overview of the health profile of the elderly referring to the risks of stroke in the sub-district of Cililitan, Jakarta, Indonesia

2021MarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Rosintan Milana Napitupulu, Novlinda Susy Anrianawaty Manurung
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 7 (1), 927-932, March 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I01.002
Overview of the health profile of the elderly referring to the risks of stroke in the sub-district of Cililitan, Jakarta, Indonesia

Rosintan Milana Napitupulu1, Novlinda Susy Anrianawaty Manurung2

Corresponding author:

1Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

Mail id: Rosintan.napitupulu@uki.ac.id

Co-Author:

2 Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The composition of the elderly population is increasing rapidly in both developed and developing countries, which is caused by a decrease in fertility (birth) and mortality (death) rates as well as an increase in life expectancy, which changes the structure of the population as a whole. Stroke can generally occur in all age groups, but three quarters of strokes occur in people who are already 65 years old or older (the elderly) and result in the onset of disability or invalidity. Stroke is one of non-communicable diseases, which is the leading cause of death worldwide.

Methodology: Data was taken from the integrated health service post (for the elderly) to obtain an overview of the risk of stroke in the elderly based on the available secondary health data of the elderly.

Results: Two hundred and sixty-eight (268) elderly people with the available health data can be described by the following criteria: 56% of the elderly have low risk, 32% of the elderly have moderate risk, and 12% of the elderly have high risk.

Conclusion: The elderly in the integrated health service post for the elderly have various risks of stroke from moderate to high.

Keywords: Risk of stroke; Physiotherapy; Health status; Elderly

A Study To Find The Effectiveness Of Iontophoresis With Open Kinematic Chain Exercises In Pes Anserine Bursitis In Sports Persons

2021Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Gummadi Ashish
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 7(1); 916-926, March 2021; DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I01.001
A Study To Find The Effectiveness Of Iontophoresis With Open Kinematic Chain Exercises In Pes Anserine Bursitis In Sports Persons

Gummadi Ashish1

Coresponding Author:

1Senior Physical therapist, Department of Neurorehabilitation, Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, Mail id: ashishgummadi@gmail.com

Aim and background of the study: Pes Anserine Bursitis is an inflammatory condition of pes anserine bursa which affects medial and inferio- medial aspect of the knee with more painful and swelling around the knee joint. Aim of the study is to find the effectiveness of iontophoresis and open kinematic chain exercises on pain, and knee range of motion of sports person with pes anserine bursitis.

Methodology: 30 male and female subjects according to inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups for the study where, Experimental Group was treated with Iontophoresis and open kinematic chain exercise. Control Group was treated with Ultrasound therapy.

Result: The study reported  the Group  treated with Iontophoresis and open kinematic chain exercise got significant improvement in VAS and KROM score with p=0.001.

Conclusion: the study concluded that the experimental group which received iontophoresis along with open kinematic chain exercises demonstrated good effect in reducing pain and increasing Knee ROM.

Key Words: Iontophoresis, open kinematic chain exercises, Pes anserine bursitis, VAS, KROM.

The reality of Covid 19 pandemic and its implication on physical activity and exercise

2020DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Amjad Annethattil, Mirshad Ali, Ayman Sabbagh
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (4): 909-915, December 2020. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I04.008
Amjad Annethattil1, Mirshad Ali2, Ayman Sabbagh3

Coresponding Author

1Physiotherapy Specialist, Qatar Rehabilitation Institute,Qatar, E Mail: amjus2001@yahoo.co.in

Co-Author
3
Physiotherapy Specialist, Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Qatar   2Physiotherapist, Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Qatar

ABSTRACT

Background: In 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome by corona virus 2 emanated at Wuhan, China and causes Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19).This global pandemic has put our world upside down and almost unprecedented global public health and economic crisis. The main mode of transmission was contact and droplet of inhaled 2019-n Co V. This virus is transmitted through respiratory secretions with 2019- n CoV.  Large droplets from coughing, sneezing or a runny nose land on surfaces within two meters of the infected person.  Many countries have a complete lock down, which most probably prevents participation in a regular rehabilitation program in outpatient centers and/or delivery of in-home physical therapy or other face-to-face treatment by primary care healthcare professionals with COVID-19 survivors in need for rehabilitative interventions. Recent studies show that being active during adulthood decreases systematic inflammation, an underlying factor in multiple chronic diseases. The anti-inflammatory impact of daily physical activity helps in lowering C-reactive protein, total blood leukocytes interleukin-6 and other inflammatory cytokines that may play a role in decreasing certain types of cancer, type two diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, sarcopenia and dementia.

Aim: Aim of this knowledge practically helps us to counteract the consequences of increased physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle during the lock-down period thereby lowering cardiovascular diseases and other commodities.

Method: A literature search was done in electronic database using the key words exercise, physical activity, immunity, COVID 19 on 6th Jun 2020.

Result: In a decennium, a lot of evaluation has substantiated the benefits of health related to regular physical activity. The normal functioning of the immune system is boosted with regular exercise. The anti-inflammatory influence of regular exercise is examined through various pathways; it functions as an immune system adjuvant, which improves defense reaction and metabolism.

Conclusion:Proper physical activity helps in decreasing the need of critical care that directs us to hospital re-admission. Early mobilization and re-engagement in physical activity is important in the prevention of systemic consequences of a critical care and hospital admission. Patients should workout in proportion to their functional status.

Keywords: Corona virus-2019, Respiratory syndrome, Sarcopenia, Dementia

Knowledge and awareness on human papillomavirus vaccination among final year nursing and medical students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical centre

2020DecemberJournal paperNURSING
Rohani Mamat, Fatimah Ahmedy, Roziah Arabi, Noratika Jais, NurulSyakila Ismail, Mazlinda Musa, Hamidah Hassan, Siti Fatimah Saat
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (4): 899-908, December 2020. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I04.007
Rohani Mamat1, Fatimah Ahmedy2, Roziah Arabi3, Noratika Jais4, NurulSyakila Ismail5, Mazlinda Musa6, Hamidah Hassan7, Siti Fatimah Saat8

Authors

1,7,8 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.

2Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu. Malaysia

3School of Nursing, KPJ Healthcare University College, Malaysia.

4,5 Hospital Gleneagles, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Coresponding Author

6Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu. Malaysia, Mail id: mazlinda@ums.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Background: In Malaysia, the incidence of about 2145 new cervical cancer cases are diagnosed annually in 2012 with about 621 deaths (ICO, 2016). The aim of this study is to identify level of knowledge and awareness on HPV vaccination among final year nursing and medical students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC).

Methodology: A cross sectional design study was carried out to identify the level of knowledge, level of awareness on HPV vaccination and the relationship between socio-demographic  variables with level of knowledge and level of awareness on HPV vaccination among final year nursing and medical students in UKMMC.

Result: Total 234 nursing and medical students were recruited in the present study. The results showed that most of student had high level of knowledge and awareness on HPV vaccination (85.9% and 100% respectively). For the association between socio-demographic data, findings showed that there was significant relationship between knowledge and race (p=0.006) and marital status (p=0.006) correspondingly. While, there were significant relationship between awareness and gender (p=0.001) and family history of cervical cancer (p=0.014) but had no relationship in race, economic status and marital status (p>0.05).While, there were significant relationship between the level of awareness and gender (p=0.001) and family history of cervical cancer (p=0.014).

Conclusion: In conclusion, nursing and medical students had high knowledge and awareness. Race and marital status affected the knowledge while gender and family history of cervical cancer affected the awareness.

Keywords: HPV vaccines, Students, Knowledge, Awareness, Cervical cancer

The efficacy of intensive simulation airway management training program on the final year nursing in one of health training institutions in Northern Borneo

2020DecemberJournal paperNURSING
Mazlinda Musa, Fidelia Ferderik Anis, Hamidah Hassan, Siti Fatimah Saad, Farhana Harzila Mohd Bahar, Rohani Mamat, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (4): 890-898, December 2020. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I04.006
Mazlinda Musa1, Fidelia Ferderik Anis2, Hamidah Hassan3,  Siti Fatimah Saad4, Farhana Harzila Mohd Bahar5, Rohani Mamat6, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim7

Authors

1,5Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine& Health Science, University of Malaya Sabah

2Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Nursing & Allied Science, Open University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur

4,6Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine& Health Science, University Malaysia Sabah

7Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine& Health Science, University Sabah, Malaysia

Coresponding Authors

3Professor, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine& Health Science, University Malaysia Sabah

Email: hamidahhassan9@ums.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Background: Managing airway is very crucial and it is the essential component in emergency care syllabus throughout nursing program training. It is impossible to learn on artificial airway management in the real clinical zone due to the complexity of clinical conditions and the variations of treatment procedures This study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the simulation airway management training program developed for the final year nursing students whom rarely been assessed before they were posted into the real learning environment.

Methodology: This is a quasi-experimental one group of pretest and posttest of final years nursing were exposed with the Intensive simulation of airway management technique which includes BLS, measure and insertion of oropharyngeal, high flow O2 administration, interpret ECG, use of defibrillator and understanding role of arrest team during emergency.

Results: There exists adequate evidence to show that there was a significant different in the mean score of pretest and the mean score of posttest. The result shown significant with CI95% (-0.53414, -0.09586), t= -3.009, df = 19 and P<0.05.

Conclusion: Intensive simulation training program on airway management serves as a bridge on the breachamid class room teaching and the applied skills. It acts as a reinforcement strategy on the technical and nontechnical skills to determine their competency the most important thing derived from this study is the increases of students’ sense of security and confidence before they are exposed to real clinical areas.

Keywords: Airway Management, Simulation Training, Nursing Student, Confident Level, Emergency

Preliminary development of assessment tool of leadership style

2020DecemberJournal paperNURSING
Siti Fatimah Saad, Zakira Mamat, Shahriza Abdul Razak, Zainah Mohamed, Hamidah Hassan , Farhana Harzila Mohd Bahar , Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim, Rohani Mamat, Mazlinda Musa
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (4): 883-889, December 2020. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I04.005
Siti Fatimah Saad1, Zakira Mamat2, Shahriza Abdul Razak3, Zainah Mohamed4, Hamidah Hassan5 ,Farhana Harzila Mohd Bahar6 , Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim7, Rohani Mamat8, Mazlinda Musa9

Authors

1,5,6,7,8 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

2,3Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitiSains Malaysia, KubangKerian, Kelantan, Malaysia

4Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,  Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Coresponding Author

9Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu. Malaysia. Mail id:mazlinda@ums.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Background: Leadership might be hard to define, but it’s easy to recognize.  In nursing, there are certain skills required from nurse managers so as to be able to use these effective leadership styles. The skills include the ability to create an organization culture that combines high-quality health care, patient/employee safety, highly developed collaborative and team-building skills. This paper presents the preliminary study of the development of the assessment leadership tool.

Methodology: Questionnaire for leadership styles was adapted from Northouse (2014) while working motivation was adapted from Purohit et al., (2016). The modification was done for leadership styles questionnaire from 35 modified into 48 question and tool on nurses’ motivation from 19 items modified into 28 items using literature guidance and expert opinion.

Results: Preliminary development of tool reliability test using internal consistency cronbach’s alpha result shown that for leadership styles questionnaires which are consisted of 48 items is (α = 0 .77) and working motivation consisted of 28 items is (α = 0.70). Minor modification needed after the literature searching and analysis of pre-test stage, the discussion with expert person after they go through the questionnaires also suggested some additional info are needed.

Conclusion: Assessment on working motivation among nurses is also recommended to overcome the issues on working retention among them. Investigation regarding which appropriate leadership style need to be explored and the level of working motivation among nursing staff should be monitored regularly.

Keywords: Leadership Style, Assessment Tool, Nurse Manager, Healthcare

 

Burnout and turnover experience: Behind the noble intention in pursuing the diploma of nursing program in a Malaysian institutions of higher learning

2020DecemberJournal paperNURSING
Hamidah H., Mazlinda M., Rosnah M., Azila T., Khadijah N@ Roslih., Kelvin, J.M., NurulIzzatie M., Rohani M., Siti Fatimah S.
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (4): 869-882, December 2020. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I04.004
Hamidah H.1, Mazlinda   M.2, Rosnah M.3, Azila T.4, Khadijah N@ Roslih.5, Kelvin, J.M.6, NurulIzzatie M.7, Rohani M.8., Siti Fatimah S.9

Authors

1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9Department of Nursing Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University, Sabah, Malaysia

Coresponding Author

2Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University ,Sabah, Malaysia, Email: mazlinda@ums.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Background: Burnout is defined as psychological syndrome experienced by an individual who is exposed to chronic stress which involved emotional, physical, and mental Exhaustion caused by prolonged excessive stress. As for students, going through the process of learning is a mounting complex stressful phenomenon that remained as the leading cause of poor academic performance and dropped out which sometimes may lead to psychological deviant or situation called depression. This study aimed to discover the causes of student nurses’ Burnout and the intention to leave the program.

Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of 127 nursing was selected based on Krejcie Morgan (1970) sample size calculation. Maslach Burnout Inventory (2016)to measure the burnout realm on emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and personal achievement. Twenty-two items with 7- points scale measuring responses of “Never (0)” to “Every day (7)” and three open-ended questions related to the intention of leaving the program.

Results: Thirty-five( 35%) students had the feeling of dropping the program, and 52% had occurred during the first year of the study. Stress and financial struggles triggered the quitting as they felt the course had broken them down.Pursuing the program despite the glitches worth the fights,  99 % of respondents acknowledged that this program is worth their future profession.

Conclusion: They learnt to handle their emotional problem during work. Nursing as a  field of knowledge of humanities has been able to transform the society who were insufficient in lives into good human beings.

Keywords: Burnout, turnover, nursing students, emotional exhausation, academic performance

Effects of very early mobilization on motor recovery following acute stroke- A Randomized Control Trial

2020DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Beena Oommen, Sapna Koju
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (4): 854-868, December 2020. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I04.003
Beena Oommen1, Sapna Koju2

Coresponding Author

1 Associate Professor, Manjunatha College of Physiotherapy, Chokkanahalli, Hegdenagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Mail id: beena2281@gmail.com

Co-Author

2 Physiotherapist , Specialist Hospital, HRBR Layout,  Kalyan Nagar,  Bangalore, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Stroke is defined by the national institute of neurological disorders and stroke as sudden loss of neurological function resulting from an interference with blood supply to the brain. This study aims to know the effects of very early mobilization on motor recovery following acute stroke.

Methodology: The study was conducted among 40 subjects with acute stroke patient, with modified Rankin   scale (MRS) ≥2. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups equally. Group A (n=20) were given early mobilization which included motor recovery training for 30 minutes and twice in a day within 24-48hours of hospital admission. Group B (n=20) were also given motor recovery training for 30 minutes, twice in a day but only after 72hours of hospital admission. It was done for 6 weeks. Modified Rankin scale, Motor Assessment scale and National institute of health stroke scale pre score was obtained before the intervention and post score after 6 weeks of intervention for both the groups.

Results: The statistical analysis shows that t-value is 1.286 and p-value is 0.206 for modified Rankin scale p>0.05 is statistically not significant.  For motor assessment scale t-value is 3.760 and p-value is0.001 hence p< 0.05 it is statistically significant.  According to statistical analysis of NIHSS score t-value is 0.931 and p-value is 0.358 with p> 0.05 which is statistically not significant.

Conclusion: There was no significant difference between very early mobilization and mobilization after 72 hours. Sothe study concluded that there may not be helpfulon early mobilization for motor recovery in patient with acute stroke.

Keywords: Stroke, Acute stroke motor recovery, very early mobilization, modified Rankin scale, motor assessment scale, NIHSS.

Postpartum contraceptive practice and barriers to its use among mothers from a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria

2020DecemberJournal paperNURSING
Ochala Ejura Jennifer, Rauf Ibrahim, Samsiah Mat, Syed Ali Gulab Jan
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (4): 836-853, December 2020. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I04.002
Ochala Ejura Jennifer1, Rauf Ibrahim2, Samsiah Mat3, Syed Ali Gulab Jan4

Authors

1Graduate, School of Nursing, MAHSA University, Malaysia, Senior Nursing Officer, Federal Medical Centre Abuja, Nigeria, West Africa,

Email: ejujennifer@yahoo.com

2Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Abuja, Nigeria, West Africa.

Email id: rauf.ibrahim@uniabuja.edu.ng

4Professor, M.N.R. College of Nursing, Narsapur Road, Fasalwadi, Sangareddy, Telengana, India

Corresponding Author           

3Associate Pofessor, School of Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia

Email Id: samsiah7381@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Nigeria is the 4th highest contributor to global maternal mortality; many postpartum mothers do not initiate contraceptives early and are at increased risk of unplanned pregnancy and abortion. Understanding the barriers is thus vital. This cross-sectional quantitative study carried out at a tertiary hospital in Abuja to determine the contraceptive practice level, identify barriers to use among mothers with infants less than 12 months.

Methodology: Questionnaires were administered on 220 consenting mothers; data analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Descriptive analysis included frequencies and percentages, the inferential statistical techniques used are binary logistic regression to establish the relationship between variables — the p-value set at 5% level, thus p<0.05 is termed significant.

Results: 200 questionnaires were retrieved; the mean age of the respondents was 31; most had tertiary level education, were in monogamous union and Christians. Over-half is within 3months postpartum and desired to have below four children. The commonly used methods are the condom, IUD, pills and implant. 48% are currently on a method, and 1% less have good contraceptive practice. Identified barriers are personal information and health system barriers. Barriers associated with the health system found to impact on the use of contraceptives (p=0.028). Contraceptive use was dependent on respondent’s religion (p=0.050) and child’s age (p=0.038).

Conclusion: Contraceptive practice level of respondents is less than average and child’s age and religion determined it, the mothers are indifferent on personal information and family/cultural barriers, but concerned on health system barriers. Tackling health system barriers in the postpartum period through early education, counseling, opening and equipping more family planning clinics and health facilities can improve contraceptive use.

Keywords: Contraceptive practice, Barriers, Postpartum mothers

A study to find out the prevalence and characteristics of low back ache among caregivers of adults with spinal cord injury

2020DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Gummadi Ashish
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (4): 829-835, December 2020. DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I04.001
Gummadi Ashish

Senior Physical therapist, Department of Neuo-rehabilitation, Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata,

Mail id: ashishgummadi@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Back ground: Back pain is common among health workers especially patient’s caregivers in Spinal Cord Injury group. Objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of low back pain among the caregivers of adults with spinal cord injury. Care givers of all the spinal cord injured individuals who seeks for rehabilitation in the department of PMR were eligible to participate in the study.

Methodology: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. After receiving the consent, the participants were asked to fill the questionnaire. First part of the questionnaire consists of demographical data of the patients and their caregivers. If the caregiver was reporting LBP, then they were asked to grade their pain intensity through Visual Analogue scale and also to fill Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) to identify the disability caused by the LBP. These data were used to find the prevalence of LBP among caregivers and also to find relationship with various demographical variables.

Results: One hundred patients and their caregivers’ data collected and analyzed. Out of these 20 where drop outs and samples female (42) caregivers reported that they have low back pain. In that 16 caregivers were males and 26 were females. There was no statistically significant difference between the patients and caregivers of the LBA group and no pain group in the demographic data except the duration of injury.

Conclusion: This study aimed to find out the prevalence and characteristics of low back ache of caregivers of the adult with low back pain. Study revealed 51.9% prevalence of low back pain among the SCI caregivers.

Key words: Low back pain, Caregiver, Spinal cord injury

 

Rehabilitation of a patient with multiple fractures caused by tractor running over half of the body: A case report

2020Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Heera vijayakumar1, Diker Dev Joshi2
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 6 (3), 825-828, September 2020, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I03.006
Author:

2Lecturer, Padmashree Institute of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Corresponding Author:

1Professor, Padmashree Institute of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Mail id: heerapt1977@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Introduction: A case of 48 year old female patient with multiple fractures at right shoulder, chest and Pelvis was admitted in BGS Global hospital Kengeri, Bangalore. The patient met with an accident in which a tractor passed though half of her body leading to multiple fractures. As most of the fractures were turned out to be stable the patient was given painkillers and calcium tablets and started physiotherapy after 1 week.

Methodology: Physiotherapy was started with Ankle Toe Movements, ROM exercise, sponge ball exercise, Incentive spirometry, Trunk rotation exercises, and gentle massage on the injured areas. The patient was given gait training in later stage followed by exercises in walker. Pre and post assessment taken for muscle power of shoulder and hip, Visual Analogue Scale for body pain and Functional Independent Measures to find the outcome.

Result: After 8 weeks of daily physiotherapy, the patient improved with muscle power, reduced body pain, improved body function and the patient started walking without any assistive devices.

Conclusion: With immediate physiotherapy even with multiple fractures the patients can get back to their Activities of Daily Living.

Keywords: Fracture Rehabilitation, Muscle Power,  Visual Analogue Scale, Functional Independent Measures, Activities of Daily Living,

Plyometric versus high intensity aerobic exercise among over weight college students

2020Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Jibi Paul, T.Bhuvaneswari
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 6 (3), 811-824, September 2020, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I03.005
Author:

2B.P.T. Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Corresponding Author:

1Pofessor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Mail id: physiojibi@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Overweight is more body fat than optimally healthy individuals, overweight is common where food supplies are plentiful and life style is sedentary. Plyometric is designed to enhance muscular power and explosiveness. The word aerobic meaning exercise with oxygen, high intensity aerobic exercise can help on control weight and reduce stress. Objective of the study was to find the effect of plyometric exercise and high intensity aerobic exercise and also to compare the effect between the exercises among overweight college students.

Methodology: This was a comparative study with quasi experimental design. The subjects were divided into two equal groups, 15 samples in Group A and Group B by convenient sample method. Group A received high intensity aerobics like jogging, burpees, mountain climber exercise, squat with side step, wall push ups, where Group B received plyometric exercises like squat jack, skater jump, jumping side lunge, rock star jump and high knees. Both exercises were given for three sessions in a week. Inclusion criteria include BMI of 25-30 and above, both male and female college students of aged 18-23 years. The measurement tool used was Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference.

Result: The result showed a decrease in BMI and waist circumference in both the groups. But the weight reduction was more in Group A when compared to the Group B with p >0.000.

Conclusion: The study concluded that high intensity aerobic exercise decreases the BMI and waist circumference effectively among overweight college students when compared to the plyometric exercises.

Keywords: Plyometric, High intensity aerobic exercise, Waist circumference, Body Mass Index

Effects of balance training and strengthening exercises on individuals with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease

2020Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Purnima Singh1, Panomootil Blessy Varghese2
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 6 (3), 799-810, September 2020, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I03.004
Authors: 

2 Student M.P.T Neurology, Hosmat College of Physiotherapy, RGUHS University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Corresponding Author:

1Principal of Hosmat college of Physiotherapy, RGUHS U niversity, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Mail id:  purnimasingh29@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease is a major concern when the disease progresses to the middle stage of the illness. The typical features of Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) are tremors impairment of the muscle tone, involuntary movement and bradykinesia. Improvement in strength and balance of IPD patients has improved their mobility functions. Especially, balancing exercises on uneven surfaces with eyes open and closed help them in gaining confidence to move outdoor independently with lesser risk of fall.

Methodology: A total numbers of 30 subjects were considered for the study. All participants underwent two sets of measurement. Pre-test which was done at the beginning of the study & the post-test which was done at the end of 3 & 6 months of the study. 30 patients effectively completed the set of balancing and strengthening exercises with eyes closed & open for the period of 6 months.

Results: All the subjects showed significant changes in BBS & ABC scales after 6 months of strength and balance training programs. The mean value of the pre- test scores were BBS – 37.23 ± 10.7 ABC – 57 ± 13.62 and post – test scores were BBS – 44.30 ± 8.78 ABC – 71.17 ± 13.62.

Conclusion:  From the statistical analysis it is evident that strengthening and balancing training program on uneven surfaces are effective in reducing the risk of fall and increasing the confidence of mobility in patients with PD.

keywords:  Parkinson’s disease; strengthening exercises; Therabands; balancing exercises.

Effect of star excursion balance training program on agility among young men cricket players

2020Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Pushparaj Vijayakumar, Rajavel Varatharajan, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 6 (3), 784-798, September 2020, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I03.003
Authors: 

2Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling, 08100 Bedong, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia

3Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR.MGR.Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India

Corresponding Author:

1*Professor, Rajarajeswari College of Physiotherapy, Kambipura, Mysore Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Mail id: vijayrrc@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: The Cricket is known as “the gentleman’s game” which places physical demand on the players. This demand creates lot of stress on muscles leading to injuries if they lack fitness. Star excursion balance training (SEBT) programme forms a core component of the training among young men cricket players in improving their agility. The less research evidence on 6 weeks of SEBT program has led to design this study to identify whether there is any effect on agility in enhancing the physical performance and prevent the occurrence of injuries among young men cricket players.

Method: This was a comparative experimental study  conducted on thirty young men cricket players (n=30) of age group ranged between 18 and 22 years. They were randomly selected for two groups as star excursion balance training (SEBT), Group A and conventional exercises training (CET), Group B with fifteen (n=15) subjects in each group. The Group A underwent Star excursion balance training programme and the Group B underwent conventional exercises training programme. The training for both groups was administered for 6 weeks with three sessions per week.

Result: The result shows that there is significant improvement with P<0.0001 in agility T test score on performance in Group A and significant improvements in Group B, with P<0.0290. Comparative study between the group shows significant difference between the groups with P<0.0001, with mean difference of 0.060 and -1.453 respectively on Group A and B. So  Group A is better than Group B.

Conclusion: Six weeks of star excursion balance training programme can be recommended for young men cricket players to improve the agility in enhancing their physical performance and preventing injuries.

Keywords: Star excursion balance training, Agility T Test, Agility, Young men cricket players.

Practice of mothers to seek medical attention for their children with acute respiratory infection

2020Journal paperNURSINGSeptember
E. Usha, S Hepsibah Sharmil, R. Ruth Saranya
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 6 (3), 770-783, September 2020, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I03.002
Authors: 

1MSc Nursing Candidate, College of Nursing, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, ACS Medical College and Hospital Campus, Maduravoil, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

3Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, ACS Medical College and Hospital Campus, Maduravoil, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author:

2*Vice Principal & Research Scientist, College of Nursing, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, ACS Medical College and Hospital Campus, Maduravoil, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Mail id: hepsibah.srs@drmgrdu.ac.in

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Practice of mothers is crucial to seek prompt medical attention especially for their under  five years of aged children and it reduces the mortality rate of the children with severe acute respiratory tract infection. The aim of this study was to determine health care seeking practice of the mothers and to analyze the factors influencing mothers choice in seeking care for there under five children.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted at A.C.S Medical College at the three associated community health centers in Nasarathpettai, Meppur, Meppurthangal located at in Chennai. 251 mothers of under five children participated in the study.

Result: The study revealed that only 61.59% of children where promptly taken to the used to GP clinic for acute respiratory tract infection and 48.34% children were treated with home remedy, 29.14% used to take to general physician. It was found that 19.21% used old prescription given for the same child and 7.95% mothers seek over the counter drugs from medical shop.

Conclusion: Practice of health seeking behavior for acute respiratory infection among mothers of under five years children cannot be under estimated. It is the responsibility of the nurses and other healthcare people to create understanding on the management of acute respiratory tract infection to reduce further hazardous complication related to acute respiratory tract infection.

Keywords: Under five children, acute respiratory infection, practice of mother, health care  

A brief review in non-specific low back pain: Evaluation and physiotherapy intervention

2020Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Lucky Anggiat
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 6 (3), 760-769, September 2020, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2020.V06I03.001
Author:

1Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Indonesia

Corresponding  Author :

*1Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Indonesia

Mail id: lucky.panjaitan@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background: Low back pain was the most common case in musculoskeletal disorders. Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) described as low back pain with no clear causal relationship between the symptoms, physical findings, and imaging findings. This study aimed to briefly review the evidence the evaluation and intervention for NSLBP in physiotherapy practice.

Methods: In this study, the library research method was used, which took online and offline data sources referring to books, journals, articles related to the topic of evaluation and physiotherapy intervention in NSLBP conditions as a data source to answer research objective

Results: Some researchers commonly assess the pain, range of motion (ROM), functional ability and quality of life. As a regular treatment for non-specific low back pain, some study recommended general therapeutic exercise and manual therapy to reduce the problematic of non-specific low back pain.

Conclusion: Physiotherapist can evaluate patients with NSLBP based on the patients complains like pain using VAS or NPRS, Lumbar ROM using schober method, functional disability using ODI or RMDQ and Quality of life. For the physiotherapy intervention of non-specific low back pain, we can summarize that the first-line management of NSLBP is self-management exercise. Furthermore, physiotherapist can use any method of therapeutic exercise and manual therapy to reduce pain, improve lumbar ROM, increase functional ability and quality of life.

Keywords: Non-specific Low Back Pain, Evaluation, Intervention, Physiotherapy

Prevalence of Text Neck Syndrome in young-Adult population

2020Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Sathya P, Shivani Arun Tamboli
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6(2); June 2020; Pages 749-759. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i02.004
Sathya  P1,  Shivani Arun Tamboli2

Author:

2BPT Intern, School of Physiotherapy, D.Y.Patil, Deemed to be University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Corresponding  Author :

1Associate Professor, School of Physiotherapy, D.Y.Patil, Deemed to be University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India , Mail id: drsathyagp@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Text neck syndrome refers to overuse syndrome or repetitive stress injury, in which you have your head hung forward or down looking at your mobile or any other electronic device for a longer period of time. This eventually leads to tightness of the shoulder muscles and soreness in the neck muscles or even chronic headaches. The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of text neck syndrome in young adult population using Neck Disability Index (NDI) questionnaire.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 100 Physiotherapy students of the age group from 18 to 25 years from D.Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai. Demographic data was collected and the students were asked to fill the Neck Disability Index questionnaire and the data was further analysed to check which gender and age group was affected the most.

Results: Females were most affected with 80% and the age group which was most affected was 22 years (34%).

Conclusion: This study concluded that prevalence of text neck syndrome is 32%. The major component affected according to neck disability index out of all the components is headache followed by sleeping, concentration and reading.

Keywords: Text neck syndrome, Neck Disability Index, stress injury, soreness, neck muscles

Received on 8th May 2020, Revised on 22nd May 2020, Accepted on 29th May 2020

DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i02.004

Effectiveness of Gluteal muscles strengthening in patients with Plantar Fasciitis

2020Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jomi John, Jince Augustine
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6(2); June 2020; Pages 740-748. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i02.003

Jomi John1, Jince Augustine2

Author:

1Jomi John, MPT Musculoskeletal and Sports-student, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India, Mail id: jomijohn333@gmail.com

Co Author:

2Associate Professor of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Plantar fasciitis is a commonly confronted orthopedic problem due to inflammation of the plantar fascia and the perifascial structures. The literature attributes plantar fasciitis is due to pathologic biomechanics such as excessive pronation, high arched foot, windlass mechanism and low back disabilities. Current evidences suggest that faulty biomechanics that lead to plantar fasciitis may be started from gluteal muscles weakness. The purpose of the study is to find out the effectiveness of gluteal muscles strengthening exercises to reduce pain and improve lower limb function in patients with plantar fasciitis.

Methods: 30 subjects those satisfying the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Subjects were then allocated to two groups- Group A (control group) and Group B (experimental group), 15 in each group. Subjects in group A received conventional treatment and subjects in group B received experimental treatment of gluteal muscle strengthening exercises with conventional stretching exercise. Pain was measured using Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and lower limb functions was measured using Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT).

Results: The post test score of SEBT and NPRS of control and experimental group were analysed using two sample t test and paired t test. The data analysis showed statistically significance difference in the post test scores of SEBT and NPRS of experimental group over control group at 5% level.

Conclusion: This study concluded that gluteal muscles strengthening exercises helps in improving lower limb function and reduction in pain in patients with plantar fasciitis.

Keywords: Plantar fasciitis, Gluteal muscles, Star Excursion Balance Test, Numeric Pain Rating Scale

Received on 8th May 2020, Revised on 22nd May 2020, Accepted on 29th May 2020

DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i02.003

Association Between BMI and Hand Grip Strength in University level Cricket players

2020Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Anirudh Srinivas V
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6(2); June 2020; Pages 732-739. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i02.002
Jibi Paul1, Anirudh Srinivas V2

Author:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR MGR Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India

Corresponding Author:

2Physiotherapist, Ergon Physiotherapy and fitness lifestyle, Thiruvanmiyur, Chennai, India, Mail id:  marsanirudh80@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background and objective of the study: Cricket is the most popular team sport in Indian subcontinent. Hand grip strength plays a vital part in all roles of cricket which may be associated with Body Mass Index. Grip strength is the force applied by the hand to pull or suspend from objects and is a specific part of hand strength. BMI is an attempt to quantify the amount of tissue mass (muscle, fat and bone) in an individual to categorize a person as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese based on values. Objective of the study was to find out the association between BMI and hand grip strength in university level cricketers.

Methodology:   This was an experimental and cross-sectional type study carried out at Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and research institute, Chennai. Total 30 male cricketers, with age group of 18 to 25 years were included in this study. Cricketers with upper limb fractures or dislocations within one year were excluded from the study. Hand grip dynamometer, weighing machine and inch tape were the materials and measurement tools used for the study.  30 University level cricketers were divided into 4 groups, Group A, Group B, Group C and Group D based on BMI level. Body Mass Index and Hand grip strength are the outcome measures. Body mass index were calculated by measuring the height and weight of the individuals. Hand grip strength was measured for their dominant side by using the hand grip dynamometer.

Result: There is a positive association and strong correlation between Body Mass Index and Hand Grip Strength between the Groups at (r = 0.523) & (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: The study concluded that cricket players with Obese Body Mass Index have more Hand Grip Strength. The study also reported a strong association of Hand Grip Strength with Body Mass Index.

Keywords:  Body Mass Index (BMI), Hand grip strength, Cricketers, Hand grip dynamometer.

Received on 22nd April 2020, Revised on 22nd May  2020, Accepted on 29th May 2020

DOI: 10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i02.002

Bio Motoric Analysis, degeneration process and anxiety of professional boxer for maximum peak performance: A literature study

2020Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Maksimus Bisa
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (2); June 2020; Pages 720-731. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i02.001
Maksimus Bisa1*

Author:

1Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Corresponding Author:

*Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. E-mail id: maksimus.bisa@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background of study: The strength of a straight punch, uppercut and hook is needed by a professional boxer to knock down his opponent. Therefore, in the training program for a boxer, it is necessary to analyze the biomechanical characteristics and bio motoric components, which influence its, strength, endurance, and speed by not ignoring psychological factors and the degeneration process that occurs. Degeneration is a natural process, which occurs in every individual, from the cellular level to the level of movement. It functions since 30 years of age characterized by the disappearance of the ability of cells and tissues to repair and replace themselves and maintain normal structure, as well as resulting a decrease in all body functions for 1% every year.

Methodology: This article is a qualitative description with a literature study which analyzes various theories by experts in bio motoric components, degeneration processes, and psychological factors in the form of anxiety.

Result: A balance between physical can slow the degeneration process, psychological, and environmental factors including the life style of a boxer, the factors of strength, endurance, speed, and psychological factors in the form of anxiety influence each other, both directly and indirectly against peak performance in the achievement of a boxer.

Conclusion: Periodic measurements and evaluations of bio motoric components and mental training have to be considered, so that during the golden age, boxers can achieve optimally.

Keywords: Bio motoric, degeneration process, golden age, professional boxer.

Received on 18th May  2020, Revised on 26th May  2020, Accepted on 29th May 2020

DOI: 10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i02.001

Effect of dynamic stretching on elongation of Gastrocnemius muscle

2020Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Nabilah Ahmad, Siti Aishah Abdullah Suhaimi, Najiah Anuar, Dinesh Madavan Nair, SitiNurBaait Sokran
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 6 (1), 713-719, March 2020. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.007
Nabilah Ahmad1*, Siti Aishah Abdullah Suhaimi2, Najiah Anuar2, Dinesh Madhavan Nair2, SitiNurBaait Sokran1

Authors:

1Physiotherapy Department, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

2Medical Imaging Department, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Corresponding Author:

1*Physiotherapy Department, School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Mail id:  ucn.nabilah@kpjuc.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Dynamic warm-ups prepare the body for activity by helping to increase blood flow and muscle temperature. By calculating the muscle elongation, muscle thickness and pennation angle, it will show the effectiveness of the dynamic elongation task. Ultrasound imaging involves the use of a transducer (probe) and ultrasound gel placed directly on the skin. Ultrasound images of the musculoskeletal system provide the pictures of muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and soft tissues throughout the body. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the changes in the muscle tendon unit displacement among healthy male subjects in dynamic task of a gastrocnemius muscle.

Methods: This experimental study was participated by 32 healthy male subjects among KPJUC students. Musculoskeletal Ultrasound (MSK Ultrasound) performed to collect the data before and after the dynamic task. The measurement was taken for pre and post dynamic elongation task. Paired sample t-test and paired sample correlation were used as a statistical analysis.

Results: This study shows that there is a changes in muscle architecture after the dynamic elongation task. There is significant difference in pennation angle and muscle elongation between pre dynamic elongation task and post dynamic elongation task. For muscle thickness, there is no significant different between pre dynamic elongation task and post dynamic elongation task.

Conclusion: There is a change in muscle tendon unit displacement for gastrocnemius muscle between pre dynamic elongation task and post dynamic elongation task and the obvious changes can be seen in pennation angle of the muscle. Dynamic elongation task seems to be an effective stretching for rehabilitation purposes because it can produce the changes in muscle architectures.

Keywords:  MSK Ultrasound, Pennation Angle, Muscle Thickness, Muscle Elongation, Dynamic Stretching

Received on 20th February  2020, Revised on 26th February  2020, Accepted on 29th February 2020.  DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.007 

 

Effect of exercise on posture and respiratory function among smartphone users

2020Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
V. P. Lakshmikanth, T. Yamini, N. M. Basheer Ahamed
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 6 (1), 706-712, March 2020. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.006
V.P.Lakshmikanth1,  T.Yamini2, N.M. Basheer Ahamed3

Author:

2B.P.T. Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

3 Professor, JDT Islam College of Physiotherapy, Kozhikode, Kerala, India

Corresponding Author:

1Asst. Professor,  JDT Islam College of Physiotherapy, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.

Mail id:  laksh.anee@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
 

Background: In recent years, the number of smart phone users has progressively increased worldwide. Using smart phone for prolonged time will cause faulty posture or poor posture such as forward head posture and rounded shoulders.The structural problems caused by faulty posture can also lead to respiratory dysfunction. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of exercise on posture and respiratory function among smart phone users.

Methods: This study was an experimental  with conventional type. The study was carried out in faculty of physiotherapy at A.C.S Medical College And Hospital. 100 samples were taken and assessed posture and respiratory function. Subjects with poor posture and respiratory dysfunction were trained with exercise for 4 weeks. Both male and female aged between 18 -25 years using smart phone more than 4 hours were included in the study. Individuals with any cervical deformity were excluded in the study. Craniovertebral angle, Scapular index and PEFR were the outcome measures used in this study.

Results: On comparing the mean values of Pre Test & Post Test on Craniovertebral Angle, it shows significant difference between Pretest (28.28) & Posttest (35.05) at P ≤ 0.001. On comparing the Pre Test & Post Test on Scapular Index, it shows significant mean difference between Pretest (70.60) & Posttest (74.91) at P ≤ 0.001. On comparing the Pre Test & Post Test on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate(PEFR), it shows significant mean difference between Pretest (191.42) & Posttest (248.57) at P ≤ 0.001.

Conclusion: The study concluded that  stretching and breathing exercise has considerable effects in improving the posture and respiratory function among Smartphone users.

 

Keywords:  Smartphone, PEFR, Posture, Goniometer,  Stretching  exercise , Breathing  exercise

Received on 15 th February  2020, Revised on 22nd February  2020, Accepted on 29th February 2020. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.006

 

Analysis of the need for Physiotherapists in a private hospital in Indonesia using the workload indicator of staffing need referring to the implementation of the physiotherapy process as risk mitigation of services

2020Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Novlinda Susy Anrianawati Manurung, Tarsicius Sunaryo, Indra Gunawan, Lucky Anggiat
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 6 (1), 697-705, March 2020. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.005
Novlinda Susy Anrianawati Manurung1, Tarsicius Sunaryo2, Indra Gunawan2, Lucky Anggiat3

Authors:

2Lecturer,Post Graduate Studies, Master of Management Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

3Lecturer,Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Corresponding Author:

1Lecturer, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, email : novlinda.manurung@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background: Physiotherapy service standards are used as a basis for risk management in preparing strategies to anticipate unexpected events that appear in the management of the physiotherapy process. This research aims to improve the quality of physiotherapy services through the calculation of the risk of the physiotherapy process and risk mitigation measures using the Workload Indicator Staffing Need (WISN) method from the World Health Organization (WHO).

Methods: The research uses the stages of risk management as a method of analysis and WISN as a method for risk mitigation. Risk analysis begins with the identification of risks and then measures the risks by calculating the probabilities and impacts of these risks and designing risk management as mitigation.

Results: Based on the research that has average 50-60/day, which is not proportional to the number of only 4 physiotherapists. In addition, there is a lack of physiotherapy intervention tools.

Conclusion: In this research it has concluded that to improve the quality of physiotherapy services must be done by making policies to mitigate unexpected events and reducing the probabilities such as: increasing the number of physiotherapists and arranging the separation schedule of examination days for physiotherapy been done, events with the highest risk are found in the stages of examination and measurement, documentation, and physiotherapy intervention where there is an opportunity to reduce the type and duration of long or unsuccessful healing interventions. The trigger for the occurrence of potential risks is the number of patients on measurements from intervention days and increasing the number of physiotherapy intervention tools.

Keywords: Physiotherapy Process, Workload Indicator of Staffing Need, Risk Management

Received on 15 th February  2020, Revised on 22nd February  2020, Accepted on 29th February 2020, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.005

 

Comparative study between Mat, Swiss ball and Theraband exercises on reducing abdominal obesity among college going female students

2020Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
S.Ramachandran, C.J.Sivadharsini, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 6 (1), 686-696, March 2020. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.004
S.Ramachandran1, C.J.Sivadharsini2, Jibi Paul3

Author:

1,3Pofessor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

Corresponding Author:

2B.P.T. Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

Mail id: shivadharshini189@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Obesity refers to a condition of excessive amount of body fat. The commonly known obesity are Central Obesity which occur due to the excess accumulation of fat in abdominal area. Various exercise  have been designed for obesity but in particular exercise designed for abdomen are using mat, swiss ball and theraband exercise.  Hence the study was to evaluate the effect by  comparing mat, swiss ball and theraband exercise on abdominal obesity.

Methodology: It was an experimental study with comparative pre-post type. Study setting was conducted at Faculty of physiotherapy A.C.S Medical college and hospital, Chennai. 30 Subjects were randomly allocated equaly in to three groups. The sudy conducted for a duration of 12 weeks. Abdominal obesity female students ranges between the age of 18yrs-25yrs were selected for the study. Mat, Swiss ball, Theraband were used as materials for the study. Group A received mat exercise, Group B received swissball exercise and Group C received Theraband exercise. Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist circumferences were outcome measures for this study.

Result: On comparing Mean values of Group A, Group B & Group C; the Body Mass Index (BMI) shows significant decrease in the Post test Mean values. MAT Exercise with Group A shows mean value of 24.44 which is  less effective than Theraband Exercise Group C  value of 26.13  and Swiss Ball Exercise Group B with value of 40.09  shows significant difference between the group with P ≤ 0.001. On comparing Mean values of Group A, Group B & C on Waist Circumference shows significant decrease in the Post test Mean values; On MAT Exercise shows 95.50 which is lower mean value than Theraband Exercise Group C with 96.00 and Swiss Ball Exercise Group B with 96.50  shows significant difference between the group with P ≤ 0.001.

Conclusion: The study concluded that BMI and waist circumference of Group A shows better reduction when compared to Group B and C.

Keywords:  Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Obesity, Exercise Mat, Swissball, Theraband

Received on 12 th February  2020, Revised on 19th February  2020, Accepted on 28th February 2020, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.004

A comparative study of aquatic training exercises over free exercise technique on shoulder function among periarthritis shoulder patients

2020Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Louis Christy Maxwell, Ena Dulom, B D Mark Raj, Moorthy A
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 6 (1), 677-685, March 2020. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.003
Jibi Paul1,  Louis Christy Maxwell2*, Ena Dulom2, B D Mark Raj2, Moorthy A3
Author:

1Pofessor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

2B.P.T. Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

3Asst.Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

Corresponding Author:         

2*B.P.T. Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

Mail id: louismaxo336@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the Study: Shoulder is a very complex joint crucial to many activities of daily living. Decrease shoulder mobility is a serious clinical finding in Frozen shoulder or Adhesive capsulitis, which affects 2-5% of the population and is most common in 40-60-year age group. The aim of the study is to compare the aquatic training exercise over free exercise on shoulder function among patients.

Methodology:  This was an Experimental study with 30 male and female players. They were divided into two groups by simple sampling method, 15 players in each group.  Age group of the subjects was 40 to 60 years. Group A players were trained with aquatic training.  Group B players were trained with free exercise.  Both the group players are trained for 4 weeks and 3 sessions in a week. Intervention was done in swimming pool at Rajiv Gandhi stadium, Chennai and free exercise therapy executed at Physiotherapy department ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. Outcome Measures were, Range of Movement measured by Goniometer, Pain measured by Visual Analog Scale and Function was measured by (SPADI) Shoulder pain and disability index.

Result: On comparing Pre-test and Post-test within and between Group A & Group B on Visual Analog Scale, SPADI & Shoulder Range of Motion shows significant difference in Mean values at P ≤ 0.001.

Conclusion: Study concluded that the subjects treated with Aquatic Exercise showed more improvement than  and Free Exercise in shoulder pain, range of movement and function.

Keywords: Frozen Shoulder, Aquatic Training, Range of Movement, Shoulder Pain And Disability Index

Received on 12 th February  2020, Revised on 19th February  2020, Accepted on 26th February 2020

DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.003

To compare the effectiveness of passive stretching versus PNF hold relax technique on hamstring tightness in young individuals

2020Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Reena R, Jibi Paul, Praveen Kumar
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 6(1), 668-675, March 2020. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.002
Reena R1, Jibi Paul2, Praveen Kumar3

Authors:
2Pofessor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
3Asst. Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Corresponding Author:
1B.P.T. Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Mail id: reenamol193@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of The Study: Hamstring is one of the commonest muscles often get tight as the biomechanics of hamstrings are complex because they pull over hip and knee joints. Stretching methods often define the development and improves body’s range of motion. Goal of all stretching relaxation is to provide joint mobility while maintaining joint stability. Hold relax is a technique of facilitating normal muscle sensation and muscle awareness. It is a relaxation technique to obtain lengthening reaction of muscle whose action is antagonist to movement limited in range. It is effective, simple and pain-free. PNF is used to supplement daily stretching and employed to quick gain in ROM, decreases in fatigue, prevent overuse injuries. The main objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of passive stretching over PNF hold relax technique on hamstring tightness in young individuals.

Materials And Methods: 100 normal male and  female subjects were recruited for the study with age group of 18-25 yrs and divided into two groups. Group A (n=50) treated with passive stretching Group B (n=50) treated with hold relax PNF technique. Outcome measures of the study were Finger Tip to Floor test, Back Saver Sit and Reach test.

Result: The study shows there is statistical significant difference with P≤0.001 between Group A and B. When compare the two groups, Group B with PNF Hold relax gives more effective than the Group A with Passive stretching with Back Saver Sit and Reach test.

Conclusion: The study concluded that PNF Hold Relax technique showed greater improvement than Passive Stretching on hamstring flexibility .    

Key words: Hamstring flexibility, Passive stretching, PNF hold relax, Finger Tip to Floor test, Back Saver Sit and Reach test.

Received on 10 th February  2020, Revised on 19th February  2020, Accepted on 25th February 2020
DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.002

The changes of functional disability in non-specific low back pain among University population after proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and Mckenzie method

2020Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Lucky Anggiat, Wan Hazmy Che Hon, Siti Nur Baait binti Mohd Sokran, Nurul Mawaddah Binti Mohammad
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, Vol 6(1), 656-667, March 2020. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2020.v06i01.001
 

Lucky Anggiat1, Wan Hazmy Che Hon2, Siti Nur Baait binti Mohd Sokran3, Nurul Mawaddah Binti Mohammad3

Author:

1Faculty of Vocational Studies, Physiotherapy Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

3School of Health Sciences, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia

Corresponding Author:

2Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital and KPJ Healthcare University College, Jalan Toman 1, Kemayan Square, 70200 Seremban. Email address: whazmy@hotmail.com 

ABSTRACT

Background of study: Non-specific low back pain (LBP) becomes the most common cases in University population. Prolonged sitting has been identified as one of the factors leading to non-specific LBP among University population. The purpose of the study is to identify the change of functional disability in non-specific LBP among university population after PNF and McKenzie method.

Methods:  A quasi-experimental study involving 36 subjects (students and office workers) from the university population. The study population were selected from students and office worker of KPJ Healthcare University College (KPJUC) who met the inclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into three treatment groups: PNF group, McKenzie group and control group (hot pack and educational home exercise sheet) which underwent 12 treatment sessions distributed over three times in a week for four weeks duration. Subjects were measured on functional disability by Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Measurement was performed at pre-test, mid-test and post-test. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyse the effectiveness of PNF and McKenzie treatments based on the measurement time.

Result: This study showed that the PNF and McKenzie gave effect in improving ODI score in within group analysis. However, the results of PNF showed that it has more effect than McKenzie method on functional disability score (p <0.05) after 4 weeks.

Conclusion: There was a change in functional disability on non-specific LBP after PNF and McKenzie method. Furthermore, the study findings showed that the PNF exercise has more effect in improving functional disability compared to McKenzie method on non-specific LBP among university population.

Keywords: Functional Disability; Mckenzie; Non-Specific LBP; PNF

The Outcome of physiotherapy rehabilitation following ACL reconstruction at KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital

2019DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Izham Zain, Nabilah Ahmad, Nanthenii M.K, Asyiqin
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 5 (4), 651-655, December 2019, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i04.005
ABSTRACT

Background and objectives:The Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of a pair of ligaments in knee which provides stabilization and guiding of joints. There are varieties of graft sources have been used for ACL reconstruction over the past 30 years. Studies shows that ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation is widely conducted in other Asia countries and none were done in KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital. Hence, this study is to determine the outcome of physiotherapy rehabilitation on ROM, pain level and muscle strength following ACL reconstruction patient in KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital.

Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective study, secondary data collection whereby studies are carried out at one time point or over a short period.Checklist form was used to determine the physiotherapy assessment and interventions.

Results: A total of 122 subject were involved in this study. 88.3% male and 11.7% females undergone ACL reconstruction. Most common physiotherapy intervention used are IT and cryotherapy (90%) and combination of strengthening and mobility exercises (94.5%) and there is no significant difference in both intervention groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Studies conducted shows there is no significant difference in the evaluation of range of motion of knee, pain scale and muscle strength could be due to the intervention used were not particular and commonly used.

Keywords: Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Physiotherapy Rehabilitation.

Comparative effect of core muscles strength training with supine bridging over prone bridging in patients with non specific low back pain

2019DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, P. Vijayalakshmi
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 5 (4), 644-650, December 2019, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i04.004
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Core  muscle strength  training program is to prevent low back pain, to initiate limb movement for proper utilization of the muscle force and to enhance performance. This study was to compare the  effectiveness of core muscles strength training with supine bridging over prone bridging in patients with non specific low back pain.

Methodology: This was an experimental study of comparative type with 40 subjects.  They were equally divided into two groups (20 in each group) by random sampling method. Study was carried out at Physiotherapy department, A.C.S Medical college and hospital, Chennai -77  for duration of 4 weeks. Subjects with the age group between 20 to 35 years with non specific low back pain were included in this study. Group  A with Prone bridging exercise received elbow plank and extended plank exercises. Group B with Supine bridging exercise received traditional bridge and alternate single leg bridge exercises. Non specific low back pain and functional disability were outcome measures of the study. VAS and ODI were used as an outcome measurement tools.

Result: On comparing the mean values of Group A and Group B on Visual Analogue Scale and Oswestry Disability Index Questionnarie Group A with Prone bridging exercise showed  a mean difference of 1.95 and 8.85 on VAS and ODI respectively, which is more effective than Group B with supine bridging exercise with mean difference of  1.8 and 7.95 respectively on VAS and ODI  with significant difference at P<0.0001.

Conclusion: This study concluded that prone bridging  exercise is more effective in improvement of functional activities and reducing pain than supine bridging exercise program in non specific low back pain.

Keywords: Prone bridging, supine bridging, low back pain, functional disability.

Effect of pelvic core exercise training on gluteus strength among college level Cricketers

2019DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Prabakaran.P
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 5 (4), 639-643, December 2019, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i04.003
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: The core musculature in concludes the muscle of the trunk and pelvis that are responsible for the maintenance of stability of spine and pelvis help in generation and transfer of energy from large to small body parts during for the cricket players in cricket. Objective of the study was to determine the effect of pelvic core exercise training on gluteus strength among college level cricketers.

Methodology: This was an observational study with convenient sampling of pre and post experimental study design. Forty male cricket players were recruited from the students at Dr.MGR Deemed University with the age group of 18 to 25 years. Cricket players were included after specific selection criteria for the study. Pelvic core exercise was given to the participants for 6 weeks. Single leg pelvic bridging test used to measure the strength of gluteus muscle before and after the training. The core exercise training will give to all cricketers. The prescribed exercise performed for 4 days in a week for 30 minutes and this were followed for 6 weeks. At the end, they were assed with single leg pelvic Bridging test. Paired T-test analysis used to find the significant difference between pre and post test measurement.

Results: Pelvic core exercise training found significant effect on improving the strength of gluteus muscles among college level cricketers with mean difference of 6.68 and P<0.0001.

Conclusion: This study concluded that Pelvic core exercise training can improve the strength of gluteus muscles among college level cricketers.

Keywords: Cricketers, Pelvic core exercise, Gluteus strength, Single leg pelvic bridging test

Normative values of Moberg Pickup Test in Young Adults

2019DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Dhanalakshmi. M.R, Prashanth V Mangalvedhe, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 5 (4), 634-638, December 2019, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i04.002
ABSTRACT

Introduction: Moberg pickup test (MPUT) is a standardized test for hand dexterity developed by Erik Moberg, in 1958. This test also assesses cognition, stereognosis, and comprehension. Aim of the study was to find the normative values for the Moberg pickup test and to find the  impact of gender and handedness on hand dexterity among carpel tunnel syndrome patients.

Method: This was a Cross-sectional study, conducted at JSS College of physiotherapy, Mysuru, Karnataka for a duration of 2 months. This study was done on a population of 171 typical young adults comprising of 37 males and 134 females with an age group between 17 and 25 years. Test objects were placed on the table on the same side of right and left hands being tested with eyes open and closed, whereas the container was placed on the opposite side of the hand being tested. Three trials were done and the best out of the three was taken for analysis to obtain the normative values for Mobergpickup test.

Result: The results show that the hand dexterity of the subjects was significantly good. Eyes open and close on dominant hand and Non dominant hand with mean values of 7.735, 12.806 and 9.206, 14.327 respectively.

Conclusion: Females performed the test faster than males, and task performance with the dominant hand was faster than the non-dominant hand.

Keywords: Hand dexterity, Moberg Pick-Up Test, Carpel tunnel syndrome, Normative values

A study to find prevalence of upper limb problems in Musicians

2019DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
P. Sathya, Hannah D’souza
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 5 (4), 625-633 December 2019, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i04.001
ABSTRACT

Introduction: Musicians just like any other occupation are prone to injuries. Every type of work requires certain bodily movements and positions to be used in a repetitive manner. These injuries/disorders then in turn affect the ability of the musician to play his instrument most efficiently. The purpose of this study was to find out prevalence of Upper Limb Problems in Instrumental Subjects using the Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire.

Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted on 100 Subjects from Mumbai, aged 15 to 30 years who were right hand dominant and had a minimum of 3 years of experience playing a musical instrument. Demographic data was collected and the subjects were asked to fill the Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire for the Dominant as well as the Non Dominant Upper Limb. The Data collected was further analyzed.

Result: The subjects playing Keyboards were mostly affected on dominant side by DASH score with mean value 11.086. Symptoms on the dominant and non dominant sides were 40.23% and 45.95% respectively with functional disability on the dominant side 31.42%. Percussionist were most affected in the psychological aspect with 33.33%, where string players were more affected in Music Module Domain with mean value 14.305.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the subjects playing Keyboards were mostly affected in most domains of DASH Scale. Percussionist were the most affected in Psychological Domain and the subjects playing Strings were most affected in the Music Module Domain in DASH scale.

Keywords: Musicians, Upper Limb Problems, Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scale

Comparative analgesic effect of Isometric and Isotonic exercises on forearm extensors for lateral epicondylitis of elbow

2019Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Jibi Paul, Kousalya. P
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,Vol 5 (3), 617-624, September 2019, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i03.004
Jibi Paul1 ,  Kousalya. P2

Author:

1Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

Corresponding Author:

2Student ,  Faculty of Physiotherapy,  Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.  Mail Id: kousalyapugalenthi3@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Tennis Elbow/Lateral Epicondylitis is a work-related pain disorder of common extensor muscles, usually caused by excessive quick repetitive movements of wrist and forearm. The main objective of the study is to find the comparative analgesic effect of isometric and isotonic exercises on forearm extensors for lateral epicondylitis of elbow.

Methodology:  This was a comparative study with pre and post intervention. 30 subject with tennis elbow were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Further the group was divided into 2 with 15 subjects in each group. The study duration was 4 weeks. Male and female subjects were included in this study. Age group between 30-50 years of age. Group A  with 15 subjects were received isometric exercise and Group B with15 subjects received isotonic exercise for a period of 3 sets of 10 repetition for 4 weeks in alternative day. Pain and functional disability were assessed before and after the intervention session using the measurement tools VAS (Visual analogue scale), and PRTEE (Patient- rated tennis elbow evaluation questionnaire). The special test done for confirming lateral epicondylitis were COZEN’S test and MILL’S TEST. 

Result: The result of this study shows that there was significant changes in outcome measures between the Group A (isometric exercise) and Group B (isotonic exercise) with P <0.0001.

Conclusion: The study concluded that isometric exercise is better than isotonic exercise on decreasing the pain and improving the functional activity of patients with lateral epicondylitis of elbow.

Keywords: Isometric exercise, isotonic exercise, Tennis elbow, Visual analogue scale (VAS), Patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation questionnaire (PRTEE). 

Received on 23rd August 2019, Revised on 28th August 2019, Accepted on 30th   August  2019

E-Cigarettes practices among youths in a University population

2019Journal paperNURSINGSeptember
Annamma.K, Fikri Hafiz.M, Nur Raihan
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019,Vol 5 (3), 604-616, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i03.003
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Electronic cigarette or e-cigarette use has become a worldwide phenomenon since 2003. The literature review shows that not much is known about the effect of e-cigarettes on human health; many of the studies on the use of E-cigarettes effect on humans is under clinical trials.

Objective of the study:The study aimed to assess the practice regarding e-cigarette use among youths in one of the private University College in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Methodology: This research adopted a cross-sectional survey design. Convenience sampling method was used in this study to collect the data from 100 respondents. Descriptive statistics were used for the data analysis.

Result: The findings concluded that the growing demand for e-cigarettes is a serious matter of concern among the youths. The study findings concluded that 73% of the respondents have been using e-cigarettes. Majority of the e-cigarette users (56%) also responded that e-cigarettes were harmful but continued to use the e-cigarettes. The majority (96%) of the users are youths under the age of 24 years and had been influenced by the friends to use e-cigarettes. Another major reason for e-cigarettes over traditional cigarettes was the availability of different flavors of vape liquid to different suite preferences.

Conclusion:  The study concluded that the trend of e-cigarettes usage is growing at an alarming rate. There are many factors facilitating the use of e-cigarettes among youths. It is recommended that serious regulatory measures are needed from various health sectors to raise awareness regarding the ill effects of e-cigarettes usage among the youths.  

Keywords: Electronic cigarette, Human health, Harmful , Vape liquid

A study to analyze the effects of global postural re-education method on pulmonary function and thoracic expansion in individuals with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2019Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Ishwarya Vardhini C, Dennis Robinson, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, Vol 5 (3), 594-603, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i03.002
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the 5th cause of mortality and morbidity in the world and represents an economic and social burden.  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a chronic pulmonary disorder affecting 10%-15% individuals over age of 45 years. Objective of the study is to compare the effect of conventional pulmonary rehabilitation and Global Postural Re-education method on pulmonary function and thoracic expansion in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Methodology: This was an experimental Study of two groups’ with pre-post comparative study design. The study was conducted for a period of six months in the department of Pulmonology, K.G.Hospital and postgraduate research and medical institute, Coimbatore. All adult patients attending the Pulmonology department of the hospital were assessed and selected for the study. A total of 20 patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were selected by random sampling method and were divided into 2 groups A and B. Pulmonary function test (FEV1/FVC) and Thoracic expansion at Axillary and Xiphoid level was measured and recorded. Unpaired ‘t’test used to find the difference between two groups.

Result:  T value for FEV1/FVC was 7.313, thoracic expansion was 11.90 and 16.39 at Axillary & Xiphoid respectively between two groups with ‘P’ value <0.05. The study showed that there is a significant difference in improvement of FEV1/FVC ratio and thoracic expansion in Group-B, who underwent Global postural re-education method.

Conclusion: Global postural re-education method is better intervention in the improvement of pulmonary function, thoracic expansion in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Global Postural Re-education (GPR), Pulmonary function, Thoracic expansion.

Inter-rater and Intra-rater reliability between experience and non-experienced examiners on 90-90 active knee extension test using Goniometer among healthy college students

2019Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Siti Nur Baait Binti Mohd Sokran, Rogini A/P Periasamy, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019,Vol 5 (3), 586-593, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i03.001
ABSTRACT

Purpose:  Intra-rater reliability refers to the consistency of measurements demonstrated in similar assessment situation at two different times by the same examiner which also refers to test-retest. Inter-rater reliability test denotes the consistency of assessments performed by two different examiners. The objective of the study was to determine the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability between experienced and non-experienced physiotherapist on 90-90 active knee extension test using goniometer among healthy college students.

Methodology: This study method is a reliability design in determining hamstring flexibility among 42 young healthy college students of School of Physiotherapy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia. The 90-90 active knee extension was performed using goniometry. Four physiotherapists involved in the study consist of two non-experienced physiotherapist and two experienced physiotherapists.

Results: The mean and standard deviation of active knee extension 90-90 Active Knee extension test among two experienced physiotherapist were 19.830(SD= 10.21) and 43.14 (SD= 47.05). Mean and standard deviation for two non-experienced physiotherapist value were 21.21(SD 11.14) and 42.55 (47.66).

Conclusion: The conclusion of the inter-rater and intra-rater evaluation between experienced and non- experienced physiotherapist showed that goniometer is a reliable tool to evaluate hamstring flexibility among healthy college students.

 Keywords: Experienced, Non-Experienced, Physiotherapist, Goniometer, AKE, Inter-rater, Intra-rater

Impact of exercising with Acapella on peak expiratory flow rate of chronic asthmatics

2019Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Sathya. S , Anish Fathima.K , Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019; Vol.5(2),576-580, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i02.003

Abstract

Background Of The Study: Asthma is the clinical syndrome characterized by wheeze. It occurs in younger age group and is caused by trigger factors such as specific allergens (Pollen grain, Dust, Drug). Acapella combines the benefits of both Positive Expiratory Therapy and airway vibrations to mobilize pulmonary secretions and can be used in virtually any position allowing patients to move freely and sit, stand or recline. Objective of the study was to analyse the impact of exercising with Acapella on the PEFR of Chronic Asthmatics.

Methodology: This was an experimental study conducted among 50 subjects of adoloscent age with chronic asthmatics. They were given exercise with Acapella for a frequency of 10 minutes, single session in a day, for 2 weeks duration. The study was conducted in department of Physiotherapy, ACS MedicalCollege and Hospital. Only chronic asthmatics had been selected in this study. The PEFR was used as a outcome measure for this study. The outcome was measured through PEFR values.

Result:The results were analysed for 50 subjects at the end of the study. The improvement was highly significant in chronic asthmatics who exercised with Acapella.

Conclusion: It was concluded from this experimental study the Acapella had more effect on chronic asthmatics and hence prevent premature collapse of alveoli. As it combines the benefits of positive expiratory pressure or PEP therapy with airway vibrations, which makes exhalation against resistance.

Keywords: Peek Expiratory Flow Rate, Chronic Asthmatics, ACAPELLA, trigger factors

An analytical study of Vo2 Max, resting heart rate, waist hip ratio and flexibility changes on combined effects of dynamic core stability exercises and stretching in middle aged overweight men population in Chennai

2019Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Radhakrishnan. R , Venkatesan. R , Kiran.V ,Senthil.P, Sharmila.K
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, Vol5(2), 581-585, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i02.004
ABSTRACT

Purpose: To investigate the changes that occurs in the cardiovascular system and to measure the anthropometric changes on administering combined dynamic core stability exercises and flexibility exercises in middle aged overweight men population in Chennai.

Methodology: Overweight middle aged male subjects (n = 15) who were desk bourne working for long hours in their office and had not been into regular exercising and lack flexibility were selected based on the BMI who scored more than 25. All were treated with dynamic core stability exercises, stretching exercises of hamstring muscles and
treadmill training without elevation for four weeks. Outcomes was measured for Vo2 max, resting heart rate, sit and reach test values, and waist to hip ratio (WHR). At the end of four weeks of training again post test measurement was made and the results were compared using ttest.

Results: The pretest and postest mean difference of sit and reach test for flexibility is 4.6, resting heart rate is 3.73, while Vo2 max had moderate difference of 1.77 and a very minimal difference of 0.03 in waist to hip ratio. It was
found that the results of flexibility, resting heart rate were more statistically significant with (p<0.001)
whereas Vo2 max and waist to hip ratio were marginally significant.

Conclusion: It is concluded that Dynamic core stability exercises, treadmill exercises and stretching was found to be useful in improving the muscle strength and flexibility. The training was effective in controlling the resting heart rate, however the anthropometric values of WHR and Vo2 max needs to be focused for better improvement.

Keywords: BMI, VO2 max, Resting Heart Rate, Flexibility, Dynamic Core Stability Exercises

 

An Analysis on the effect of Buteyko Breathing and relaxed postures over the chest exapnsion of asthmatic collegiate population- An experimental study

2019Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
S. Gladies Kamalam, G. Srividya, J. Andrews Milton
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, 5(2), 567-575, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i02.002
S. GLADIES KAMALAM1, G. SRIVIDYA2, J. ANDREWS MILTON3

Corresponding Author:
1Associate Professor, Bethany Navajeevan College of Physiotherapy, Kerala, India.
Mail id: mail2drsgk@gmail.com
Co Authors:
2Research Guide, Department of PMR, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India.
3 Research Co- Guide, Bethany Navajeevan College of Physiotherapy, Kerala, India.

ABSTRACT

Background: Over ages; bronchial asthma and its adverse physiological, psychological impacts upon varied group of age, people, and health remains a searchable quest in its depth. Behaviour modification as an emerging outlook of Physical therapy helps to exhibit positive changes in this broad spectrum of asthma. This study aimed to identify the possible potential factors to improve chest expansion by analysing the effect of buteyko breathing and relaxed postures.

Methods: Experimental study design; 20 patients of the age group 17-19 years were selected using simple random sampling method. Group A; consisting 10 patients were advocated buteyko relaxation training. Group B; consisting of 10 patients were advocated relaxed postures along with the conventional asthma management. Stop watch, nose clip, inch tape, pediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire [PAQLQ] were used as the operational tools. Paired and Unpaired “t” testing was used to analyze the pre- test and the post- test values after a period of 6 months.

Results: Analysis of the peak expiratory flow rate and the quality of life over Group “A” and Group “B” at 0.05% level of significance showed positive results for Group “A” when compared with the ‘t’ value.

Conclusion: The findings support the multidimensional positive effects of behavior modification over the physiological and psychological parameters that lead to the onset of bronchial asthma.

Keywords: Bronchial asthma, behavior modification, buteyko breathing, relaxed postures, peadiatric asthma quality of life questionnaire

Efficacy of selective trunk activity in improving trunk control in hemiplegic patients

2019Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Manjunatha. H, Jibi Paul, Madan Mohan. M.R
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, 5(2), 559-566, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i02.001
ABSTRACT

Background and objective: Trunk control is a crucial component to perform motor function and also to maintain good posture. Trunk gives background for moving upper limbs and lower limbs. The objective of this study was to find out the effectiveness of selective trunk activities in rehabilitation of hemiplegia.

Methods: It is a pre and post experimental design. 30 patients have participated and were divided into two equal groups. i.e, experimental and control group, with 15 subjects in each group. Experimental group received routine neuro-rehabilitation along with selective trunk activities, whereas, control group received only routine neuro-rehabilitation program. Pre and post assessment of trunk balance and impairment was measured by using Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) and Rivermead Motor Assessment Protocol (RMAP).

Results: Before the treatment mean values of both control and experimental groups were approximately equivalent There was a significant increase in the mean value of the TIS and RMAP in the experimental group than that of the control group.

Conclusion: Posture and stability are the key factors in maintaining proper balance of the trunk. Hence, selective trunk activity has a significant improvement in trunk balance and postural stability and could be considered as an important part in rehabilitation of hemiplegia.

Keywords: Hemiplegia, trunk movements, selective trunk activity, stroke, postural stability, balance.

Comparative study between static stretching and dynamic stretching on mechanical neck pain

2019Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Thenmozhi S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, Vol 5 (1),552-558, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i01.005
ABSTRACT

Back and objective of the study: Individual with neck pain that lack an identifiable patho-anatomic cause for their symptoms are usually classified as having mechanical neck pain. Stretching is believed to provide many physical benefits including improved flexibility, injury prevention, improved muscle or athletic performance. Aim of the study was to find out the effects of static stretching and dynamic stretching on mechanical neck pain and also to compare the effectiveness between static and dynamic stretching on mechanical neck pain.

Methodology: Comparative study with Quasi Experimental design conducted at ACS Medical College and hospital, Chennai. Both genders of thirty patients were selected for the study. Convenient sampling method used to select the samples on the basis of selection criteria. Visual analogue scale and neck disability index were used as measurement tools for data collection. The study conducted for duration of four weeks.

Results:   The results shows significant difference in neck pain and neck function between static stretching and dynamic stretching with F value 1733 and <0.0001. Static stretching found more effective than and dynamic stretching with more mean difference of VAS and NDI scores 5.33 and 22.8 compared to 1.73 and 12 respectively.

Conclusion: The static stretching is more effective than dynamic stretching in improving pain and functional disability in patients with mechanical neck pain.

Keywords: Mechanical neck pain, Neck Disability Index, Static stretching, Dynamic stretching

Effect of Otago Exercise Program (OEP) and Strength Training Program (STP) on leg strength and risk of fall among bilateral knee osteoarthritis patients

2019Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Kanchan a. Katre , Vijayakumar Pushparaj , Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, 5(1), 536-551, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i01.004
KANCHAN A. KATRE1, VIJAYAKUMAR PUSHPARAJ 2, JIBI PAUL3

Authors:
1 Faculty of Physiotherapy, P.E.S Modern college of Physiotherapy, Modern College road, Pune-5,
Maharastra, India .
3Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR.MGR.Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai,India
Corresponding Author:
2Professor, Rajarajeswari College of Physiotherapy, Kambipura, Mysore Road, Bangalore, Karnataka,
India. Mail id: vijayrrc@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of Otago exercise program (OEP) and strength training program (STP) on lower limb strength and risk of fall among bilateral knee osteoarthritis patients and compare its effects.

Method: Subjects diagnosed with bilateral knee osteoarthritis were included and randomly assigned into group A ( N=20) and group B ( N=20). Subjects in Group A received otago exercise program and strength training program in group B. All the subjects were assessed with baseline and post intervention outcome measure for risk of fall with The Time up and Go test (TUG) and lower limb strength with 30-sec Chair Stand Test.

Result: This study shows that the mean score Inter-group analysis of time up go test (TUG) in between Otago Exercise Program and Strength Training Program group shows (p < 0.05) with significant improvement and with mean score of 30sec Chair Stand Test (30sec CST) on the Lower limb strength in between Otago Exercise Program and Strength Training Program group shows no significant improvement with p value of 0.0570 (p>0.05).In intra group analysis the time up go test shows significant result in OEP group but not in STP group and with the 30 – sec chair stand test showed significant result in both the groups.

Conclusion: The study showed that otago exercise program is effective in reducing the risk of fall and improving lower limb strength among bilateral knee osteoarthritis than Strength training program.

Keywords: Osteoarthritis , Otago exercise programstrength training programtime up and go test30-sec Chair Stand Test and risk of fall.

Comparative analysis of self image on body shape among obese college students and employees of corporate sector

2019Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
D. Paul Nicoluas, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, 5(1), 531-535, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i01.003
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Overweight and obesity are due to abnormal or excessive fat accumulation which causes problems in health. Body mass index (BMI) is a simple tool which is used for the classification of overweight and obesity in adults. It is defined as a person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of his height in meters (kg/m2). The sole motto of this study would be to compare the self-image on body shape among college students and corporate sector employees.

Methodology: Subjects fitting into the inclusion criteria were selected and screened for their BMI after obtaining a proper consent. They were allocated into two groups, among which, one group with college students and the other group with employees of corporate sector (White Collars). Study Setting did at TCS, Chennai and Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai. Subjects were provided with a BSQ-34 questionnaire and asked to respond to each items. At the end, final scores were arrived, which were analyzed & compared statistically between the groups. Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ)-34 score used as Outcome measure to collect the data.

Result: The result of the study shows that there is a considerable difference between the BSQ- 34scores of obese college students and employees of corporate sector. Since the P value is <0.05, the difference is significant.

Conclusion: The present study shows that there is a significant difference between the self image of obese college students and employees of corporate sector. The corporate sector employees being affected more on self image of obesity.

Keywords: Self image on body shape, Obesity, corporate sector, Body Shape Questionnaire

Nightshift and its effect on the health of working women in BPO Chennai

2019Journal paperMarchMedical Sociology
Divya B, Andrew Michael, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, 5(1), 526-530, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i01.002
Divya B1*, Andrew Michael2, Jibi Paul1

Authors:
1Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR MGR Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai,India
2Professor, Department of sociology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai
Corresponding Author:
1*Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR MGR Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai,
India. Email: divya.arokiya@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is the fastest growing segment of information technology enabled service industry in India. This research will focus on nightshift work and try to give a brief outline of the health problem faced by employees. Objectives of the study are to understand the health status of the women working in BPOs, to examine how the nightshift duty affects the health of the women working in BPOs and to analyze consequences of the nightshift on the social life of the women working in BPOs.

Methodology: It is a qualitative study which helps the researcher for an in-depth understanding. The study was conducted in Tata Consultancy service (TCS), Chennai. Primary data were collected through interview guide and secondary data from Books, Journals, Published articles, etc. Descriptive research design was employed to study the stated objectives.

Result: Social life of women employees has been affected and they are facing more mental pressure and depression; majority of the respondents faces various health problems like obesity, eye irritation, irregular menstrual cycle, etc.

Conclusion: Night shift has influenced the lifestyle and health of women primarily due to its contemporary work settings.

Keywords: Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), health problems, mental pressure

Effects of muscle energy techniques on knee joint mobilization in an early stage following fracture

2019Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Moorthy A, Jibi Paul, G.Muthuraj
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2019, 5(1), 518-525, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2019.v05i01.001
Moorthy A 1*, Jibi Paul 1, G. Muthuraj 1

Authors:
1 Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR MGR Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India
Corresponding Author:
1* Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR MGR Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India. Email: moorthympt@yahoo.co.in

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Knee joint stiffness is one of the commonest complications in patients who had fractures in the femur and upper tibia. Stiffness, restrict range of motion of joint caused by soft tissue tightness and intra articular adhesions. The aim of study is to understand the effects of Muscle Energy Techniques on early knee joint mobilization to improve the range of motion by reducing post traumatic stiffness.

Methodology: A pretest-post test control group design was used for this study. Thirty patients from orthopedic physical therapy outpatient department of Sri Gokulam hospital, Salem were selected for this study and equally divided into two groups. Patients in group-A (Experimental) received wax therapy, static quadriceps exercise, active assisted mobilization and muscle energy techniques. Patients in group-B (control) who received wax therapy, static quadriceps exercise and active assisted knee mobilization. Pain was measured by Visual Analogue Scale, Range of motion by Universal Goniometer and muscle strength by Manual Muscle Testing.

Result: The mean post test values for group A and group B are 2.2 and 4.4 for Pain, 103 and 78 for Active Knee Flexion, 7.7 and 6.2 for Quadriceps strength respectively.

Conclusion: The study concluded that Muscle Energy Technique is more effective in improving range of motion, strength of quadriceps muscles and reducing pain in knee joint.

Keywords: Knee joint stiffness, Visual Analogue Scale, Range of motion, Goniometer, Manual Muscle Testing, Muscle Energy Technique

A study to find out the effectiveness of dynamic core stability exercises and stretching in improving flexibility among middle aged overweight men

2018DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Radhakrishnan. R, Venkatesan. R, Senthil. P, Kiran. V
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (4), 500-503, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i04.001
ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the effectiveness of Dynamic Core Stability Exercises and stretching in improving the flexibility of overweight persons who lack flexibility.

Methods: Fifteen   (N=15) overweight middle aged male subjects who had not been into regular exercising and lack flexibility were selected based on the BMI who scored more than 25.  All were basically screened out for their lifestyle and work related factors.  All the samples were put into flexibility test by using modified sit and reach test.  All had received dynamic core stability exercises and stretching of hamstring muscles and the outcome measure was measured using manual muscle testing and modified sit and reach test.

Results: The outcome measures of muscle power assessed using manual muscle testing (MMT) method 0-5 grading scale system.  The mean value of Pre test MMT score is 3.7 and that of the post test mean value is 4.4 which shows a significant improvement (P<0.0001).The flexibility was measured using modified sit and reach test and its mean pre test value is 9.3 and that of the post test value is 12.3 which shows a highly significant improvement in the flexibility (P<0.0001).

Conclusion: This study showed that person who was identified as overweight based on BMI, were found to be lacking of their body flexibility mainly of back muscles and hamstring muscles.  It is concluded that Dynamic core stability exercises and stretching was found to be useful in improving the muscle strength and flexibility.

Keywords: Overweight, BMI, Lack of Flexibility, Dynamic Core Stability Exercises, Stretching, Modified Sit and Reach Test

Changes in eating habits among youth: A study on college students in Chennai City

2018DecemberJournal paperMedical Sociology
Leena V S, Lazar. S, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (4), 510-517, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i04.003
ABSTRACT

Back ground of the study: As the adolescence grows the food habits also changes accordingly. Eating healthy food promotes good healthy development among the young citizen called youth.  Physical, mental, emotional and social behaviors also get altered due to the junk food habit. This study was aimed to examine the extent which the youth seek junk food, reasons for this craving among youth, impact of junk food eating habit and to study the efforts made to respond the problem of obesity.

Methodology:  Exploratory research design with the aims to establish the most basic criteria of the research topic, often before the actual study was started. Convenient sampling method was used for different group of samples. Seventy (70) subjects were participated in the study. Samples selected from college students of 2 different cities in Chennai; Nungambakkam and Avadi. Validated questionnaire were used to find the outcome of the study.

Result: Many responded that the junk food is a solid food it is clearly found with the ratio (65.71%), many finding were observed that the junk food culture and that changes in eating pattern.

Conclusion: The complex and evolving nature of youth attitudes towards obesity prevention efforts and their understanding of the causes and consequences of obesity.

 Keywords: Junk food habit, good health, social behaviors, obesity

The relationship between smartphone addiction and upper body discomfort among youth

2018DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Izham Zain, Tham Sze Kei
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (4), 504-509. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i04.002
ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Smartphone is ubiquitous in this digital era and the remarkably evolved of technologies is an evident of heavy usage of such gadget in daily life. Recent evidence indicate that there is significant association between upper arm discomfort and smart phone user. However, there is limited finding on the smart phone addiction on upper body discomfort. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate level of smartphone addiction among Kuala Lumpur young adults.

Methods: This is a cross sectional analytical type of study. Self-administer questionnaire is used to determine the level of smartphone addiction level and body discomfort.

Results: A total of 290 subjects (80.7% females and 19.3% males) are involve in this study. Majority of respondents (69.7%) suffer mild smartphone addiction and there is significant association with neck and shoulder discomfort (p<0.05). Respondent’s belief that the discomfort experience were due to prolonged smartphone usage (74.1%).   Furthermore, 84.5% of respondents noted that discomfort experienced was relieved when not using smartphone. There is significant differences between between time spent on smartphone with age categories, gender, occupation and smartphone addiction level (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Time spent on smartphone is consistent to smartphone addiction level. A higher level of smartphone addiction will increase the risk in developing upper body discomfort.

 Keywords: Smartphone Addiction, upper body, Young Adults.

Effects of plyometric training and conventional training on agility performance in tennis players

2018Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
V.P.Lakshmikanth, Jibi Paul, Bernard Ebenezer, Ramanathan
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (3), 492-499, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i03.003
ABSTRACT

Introduction: Recreational collegiate and professional level tennis players are at risk of musculo skeletal injuries. Plyometric training enhances balance and body control during movement, which promotes improvement in agility. Aim of this study is to find out the effectiveness of plyometric training on improving agility in tennis player.

Methodology: This study conducted at Madha medical college and hospital, Chennai.Total 30 subjects were selected from population of tennis players by convenience sampling procedure. The samples were divided into two groups with plyometric training cum conventional training and conventional training program alone. The subjects include both genders with age group of 18 to 22 years based on the selection criteria. The training program consists 6 weeks of plyometric training and conventional training. Illinois agility test score and Tennis specific agility test score were used to evaluate the outcome measures.

Result: Dependent t test was used to analyze the difference in effect within the group. Pre and post test scores for plyometric training with conventional training and conventional training alone found significance difference in improvement  in agility  with  p< 0.0001.The mean difference value of plyometric training with conventional training program is 2.5, which is more than the mean difference value of conventional training program 1.58.

Conclusion: The study concluded that plyometric training and conventional training are effective to improve agility, yet plyometric training is more effective to improve agility among tennis players.

Keywords: Tennis players, plyometric training, agilty, Illinois agility test and Tennis specific agility test.

Efficacy of watermelon procedure on an "alpha" setting in avazzia pro-sporttm device to have a calming effect on the autistic children - A pilot study

2018Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Purnima Singh
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (3), 486-491. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i03.002
ABSTRACT

Objectives: Given the severe and chronic problems associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and the limitations of available treatments for hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention, there exists a large public health need for additional interventions. In Avazzia BESTTM (Bio-Electric Stimulation Technology) device, one of the modes has “alpha waves” frequency (7-12 Hz). The beginning of relaxation occurs during this wave length.

Materials and methods: In the study, 4 special school children age 5-12 years with autism were selected. They were given watermelon procedure on an “Alpha” setting (in Pro- SportTM) once daily for a period of 6 weeks. Hyperactivity/impulsivity subscale of the Conner’s’ Parent/Teachers Ratings Scale and ATEC were used prior to beginning of treatment and at the end of six- week period.

Results: After 6 weeks of treatment, the children showed no statistically significant improvements in target symptoms, but mild improvement was noted in their ATEC scores. Parents and teachers both reported mild improvements in restlessness and impulsivity, emotional liability, and hyperactivity.

Conclusion: The children with autism have many problems, so parents and teachers feel that any small improvement is worth it. With a small improvement, they are more manageable in the classroom, and able to benefit from other psychosocial and educational interventions.

Keywords: Autism, Alpha Waves, Pro-SportTM, Hyperactivity

Comparative effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and Mckenzie method on pain in non- specific low back pain among University population

2018Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Lucky Anggiat , Wan Hazmy Che Hon , Siti Nur Baait Binti Mohd Sokran
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (3), 475-485. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i03.001
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: One of the factors leading to non-specific low back pain among University students and staff is prolonged sitting. Exercise therapy is one of the mainstays in the management of non-specific low back pain. One of the most common exercise therapy for non-specific low back pain is the McKenzie method, whereas the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) exercise is seldom been used to treat non-specific low back pain cases. The purpose of the study was to find the effectiveness PNF and McKenzie method on non-specific low back pain among University population.

Methods: A randomized clinical trial involving 36 subjects (students and staffs) from the University population. The subjects were randomly chosen and assigned to three treatment groups: PNF group, McKenzie group and control group (hot pack and educational home exercise sheet) which underwent 12 treatment sessions distributed over three times in a week for four weeks duration. Subjects were measured on pain score using visual analogue scale. Measurement was performed at three points: pre- test, mid-test and post-test. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyse the difference within each group and ANOVA used between the groups in order to find and compare the effectiveness of three treatments.

Result: This study showed that there was significant mean difference between PNF and McKenzie method on pain score (p <0.05) after 4 weeks. Conclusion: The study findings showed that PNF exercise has more effect than McKenzie method on reduction of pain among non-specific low back pain among University population.

Keywords: McKenzie method, Non-specific Low Back Pain, PNF

Effects of core stability training on speed of running in male cricket players

2018Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Ramachandran S, Jibi Paul, Bernard Ebenezer Cyrus, Lakshmikanth V P, Prabhu Jeevan Kumar
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (2), 464 -468. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i02.002
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: The core musculature includes the muscles of the trunk and pelvis are responsible for the maintenance of stability of spine and pelvis and help in the generation and transfer of energy from large to small body parts during many sports activities. Objective of the study was to measure the effect of 6 weeks core stability training on speed of running in male cricket players.

Methods: The subjects included based on the selection criteria. The Study consists of 10 male volunteers and they were given core stability training exercises with bridging, Curl up, Side push up (both side) to strengthen the core muscles for 6 weeks. The speed was measured by 4×10 m shuttle run test after 6 weeks of core stability training for the agility. Data collected and checked for pre-post-test timing.

Result: The participants had significant difference in effect after core stability exercises within the group. The result found significant statistical difference in pre-posttest value of 4×10 m shuttle run test for the given samples with P ≤ 0.001.

Conclusion: Six weeks of core stability training can increase speed of running and agility among male cricket players.

Key words: Core strength training, core stability training, 4x10m shuttle run test.

Evaluation of target matching foot stepping exercise in osteo arthritis knee

2018Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Mohan Kumar.G, Jibi Paul, Rajalaxmi.V, Yuvarani.G
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (2), 459-463. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i02.001
ABSTRACT

Backgroud and objective of the study: Osteoarthritis is considered to be a common condition that is widely prevalent among the older age groups that could lead to chronic disability. Objective of the study was to investigate efficacy of a foot stepping target matching exercise for subjects having osteoarthritis knee.

Methodology: This was a study with pre-post experimental study design . Twenty subjects of both genders having unilateral and bilateral knee OA patients with age group between 40 to 65 years were selected for this study. Simple random sampling method used to the study conducted at out patient physiotherapy department, A.C.S medical college and hospital, Chennai. Visual analogue scale was uused as measurement tool to measure the outcome of osteo arthritis knee pain.

Result : The study observed that there was a statistical difference in foot stepping target matching exercise on reducing pain, improving propriception, reducing stiffness, and improving physical function between pre test and post test values of treatment groups with P<0.001.

Conclusion: The foot stepping target matching exercise was effective in treating subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Hence the study concluded that foot stepping target matching exercise is beneficial and can be recommended in subjects with osteoarthritis knee to improve their physical function.

Key word: Osteoarthritis knee, foot stepping target matching exercise, Visual Analogue Scale

Efficacy of resisted quadriceps exercise on ageing skeletal muscles (Sarcopenia)

2018Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Bernard Ebenezer, Jibi Paul, V.P. Lakshmikanth
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (2), 469-474. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i02.003
ABSTRACT

Background: Sarcopenia is a structural and functional decline in the cells and tissues of all organs resulting in age related decreased skeletal muscle mass and strength in elderly adults. The purpose of this study is to prove that resistance exercise is an extremely effective countermeasure to reduce the severity of the skeletal muscle wasting in elderly sarcopenic individuals especially in the quadriceps muscle. Objective of this study was to identify the efficacy of resisted quadriceps exercise on aging skeletal muscles in sarcopenia patients.

Methodology:  This is an experimental study conducted in Friend in Need old age home and Cure ‘n’ Care physiotherapy center.  Both men and women with age group between 60-75 years participated in this study. Resisted Quadriceps strengthening exercises, aerobic exercises were given as intervention for this study.

Results: The result shows that resisted quadriceps exercise was effective in treating patients with Sarcopenia.

Conclusion: The conclusion of the study is that quadriceps resistance training can counteract the decline in quadriceps muscle function and loss of muscle mass normally associated in sarcopenia individuals.

Keywords: Quadriceps, resisted exercises, skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenia

Comparative effect of PNF stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility

2018Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Ramachandran. S, Jibi Paul, Senthilkumar. N , Selvaraj Sudhakar, Tamilselvi
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4(1), 443-447. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i01.001
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Hamstring is a group of muscle essential for flexion of knee and extension of hip.Hence hamstring flexibility is essential for the activities of Daily Living. Hamstring tightness may decrease the output of a person’s activity.  The purpose of the study is to find the effectiveness of two PNF stretching techniques (Hold Relax and Contract Relax-Antagonist Contract) on improving hamstring flexibility.

Materials and Methods: Samples are randomly selected from the college students and divided in to two equal groups. Each group consists of 15 samples. Group A treated with hold-relax stretching, Group B treated with contract relax antagonist relax stretching. Samples are positioned in supine lying with hip and knee flexed at 90degree. Straps are used for the stabilization of hip and lower extremity. For each group stretching technique was performed 3 times in a week. The total period of experiment was 6 weeks. At the end of each week, the knee extension was measured with the help of universal goniometer.

Result: Both the group have reported increase in hamstring flexibility. Group-Bwith Contract Relax-Antagonist Contract found more effective in improving hamstring flexibility with significant difference of P<0.001.

Conclusion: This study shows that both PNF hold relax and PNF contract relax antagonist contract stretching is effective in improving hamstring flexibility. However PNF contract relax antagonist contract stretching technique was better than PNF hold relax stretching technique in improving the hamstring muscle flexibility.

Keywords: Hamstring flexibility, PNF-Hold Relax, PNF-Contract Relax Antagonist Contract.

Effectiveness of myofascial release in reduction of hamstrings spasticity among diplegic cerebral palsy children

2018Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Senthil Nathan C.V, Praveen Kumar, Remya. K. R
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4 (1), 453-458. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i01.003
ABSTRACT

Background and Objective: In spastic diplegic cerebral palsy, spasticity of limbs will result in reduced range of motion of joints and that may limit the functional recovery of the patient. Main objective of the study is to find the effect of myofascial release technique in reduction of spasticity in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy children.

Methods: A random sampling method is used to select 15 patients with diplegic cerebral palsy. The subjects have underwent myofascial Release for reducing spasticity of hamstrings and to thereby improve knee range of motion. The outcomes are measured by the MAS and goniometry for hamstrings spasticity and knee passive range of motion respectively, on both side limbs.

Results: Wilcoxon signed rank test has been used to find the significance of MAS score and PROM between pre and post in the group . Intra group analysis, showed reduction in spasticity and improvement in range of motion (p<0.005).

Conclusion: This study concluded that myofascial Release is effective to reduce spsticity in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy children.

 Keywords: Spastic Diplegic Cerebral palsy, Myofascial Release, Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)

The effectiveness of balance training without visual feedback in stroke subjects

2018Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Amjad Annethattil, Abhishek Kumar, Jibi Paul, Praveen Kumar, Ramanathan K
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2018, Vol 4(1), 448-452. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v04i01.002
ABSTRACT

Background of the study:The dramatic increase in the incidence and prevalence of neurological disorders like Stroke has always demanded the need of new interventions in limiting the disability outcome following stroke. Several research work have been conducted with the process still continuing towards limiting the disability till its controlled fully. Aims and Objectives of this study was to find the effectiveness of balance training with deprivation of visual feedback in stroke subjects.

Methodology:Total number of fifteen subjects participated in this study. The duration of the study was four continuous weeks, with five sittings of sixty minutes each per week. Data was collected using Timed Up and Go test and Berg balance scale. The statistical analysis used for the study was paired T- test and Wilcoxons signed rank test.

Result: Subjects with masked vision showed better outcomes on berg balance scale and Timed Up and Go test with P<0.001.

Conclusion: Balance performance and movement can be improved with deprived vision training on stroke subjects.

Key words: Stroke, Deprivation of Visual feedback, Balance, Berg balance scale, Timed Up and Go test.

Combined effect of Bobath technique and Motor Relearning Program (MRP) over its individual effects to improve upper limb functions in stroke patients

2017DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Amjad Annethattil, Jibi Paul, Joseph Sebastian
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (4), 435-442. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v03i04.003
ABSTRACT

Background and Objective: Functional recovery and motor control is one of the major causes of concern in stroke patients with performing activities of daily living. Upper limb impairment affects the performance of many activities of daily living. Our major objective of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of the individual and combined effect of Bobath technique and motor relearning program to improve upper limb functional recovery and motor control in stroke patients.

Methods: A random sampling method is used to select patients with Right MCA stroke. Thirty patients were included and randomly divided into three groups by using lottery method, with ten in each group A, B and C. Group A, B and C had underwent MRP, Bobath and combined of these two techniques respectively. The outcomes are measured by the Modified Ashworth Scale(MAS), Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement(STREAM) and Fugal Meyer scale to find the outcome on spasticity, voluntary control and functional recovery of the upper limb in stroke patients.

Results: Intra group analysis was done by Wilcoxon rank test. In intra group analysis, of Group A showed improvement in voluntary control & spasticity with p<0.005 but no significant improvement found in functional activities. Group B & C showed significant reduction in spasticity, improvement in voluntary control & functional recovery with p<0.005.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that individual effect of motor relearning program is more effective than Bobath technique but the combined effect of these two techniques are more effective than the individual effect in the functional recovery of the upper limb in the right MCA stroke patients.

Keywords: MCA, Stroke, Bobath technique, MRP, FMS, STREAM, MAS

Physical therapy management in patients with cervicogenic dizziness- A case series

2017DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Gitanjali Sikka,Bharti Rohilla, Suman Mehra
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (4), 429-434. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v03i04.002
ABSTRACT

Background: Cervical spondylosis is degenerative disorder of cervical spine and is often associated with a sense of cervicogenic dizziness or disequilibrium. . There is dearth of literature regarding physical therapy evaluation and management of patients suffering from cervical spondylosis and presenting with cervicogenic dizziness. We present our experience with physical therapy management of patients suffering with cervical spondylosis and complaining of dizziness of cervical origin with an aim to improve balance and proprioception.

Materials and methods: A total of ten patients ranging in age from 25-50 year, Mean +S.D. (36.8±8.72), clinically diagnosed with cervical spondylosis and presenting/complaining of cervicogenic dizziness were recruited from Out –Patient Department, Pt.B.D.S., U.H.S., Rohtak. Patients were then tested using following four tests namely romberg`s test, vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) autorotation test/Head Thrust Test, hallpik-dix test and functional position test and those responding with positive outcome for various tests were included. Patients were then given  exercise therapy treatment for 30 days.

Results: Paired t- test analysis showed that there was highly significant improvement in scores of the four tests namely romberg`s test, vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) autorotation test/Head Thrust Test, hallpik-dix test and functional position test (p<0.01). Comparing mean values of test scores in terms of percentage improvement from baseline there was significant increase.

Conclusion: Physical therapy exercise programme is effective in cervicogenic dizziness, it improves balance and proprioception in patients clinically diagnosed with cervical spondylosis and presenting with cervicogenic dizziness.

Keywords: Cervical spondylosis,cervicogenic dizziness, balance, proprioception

Impact of predisposing factors on academic stress among pre-service teachers

2017DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Pershaanbala Balakrishnan, Syah Bahari, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (4), 422-428. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v03i04.001
ABSTRACT

Background and objective: Many studies have been done on stress among educators. Teachers, lecturers, and tutors all over the world has been brought into attention when it comes to stress related issues. Our purpose was to investigate the level of academic stress among pre-service teachers in a teaching education institution in  Perak, Malaysia.

Methods: In this study a cross-sectional comparative survey study was conducted on pre-service teachers from a teacher education institution. The variables that was tested and correlated throughout the study are age, gender, and marital status, and medical history, influence of medications, exercise and social lifestyle. Data was collected through questionnaires to find out the outcome. Descriptive data analysis was used to describe the socio-demographic data. Correlation analysis was used to determine the significant relation between the variables. P<0.05 was considered as significant of the study.

Results: Majority of the students, 78.4% represent the severe category of distress according to the Kessler scale. The remaining 13.6% were recorded as being under mild and 7.6% (n=19) under moderate category of distress. Regrettably, less than 1% (n=1) of the pre-service teachers were from the well category. Exercise was found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of severe psychological distress. Simple logistic regressions showed that pre-service teachers who exercised had a significant 91% reduced risk for psychological distress (OR=0.09; 95% CI=0.02, 0.35) compared to those who doesn’t exercise.

Conclusion: At the end of this study, a better understanding on the predisposing factors of academic stress among pre-service teachers was determined and therefore interventions on coping with stress can be made simple. Various physiotherapy interventions on preventive and corrective measures were suggested with reference to the results.

Keywords: Predisposing factors, Academic stress, Pre-service teacher

The relationship between sitting posture and occupational related non specific back pain among white collar workers

2017Journal paperOccupational TherapySeptember
Izham Zain, Preshana
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(3); 415-421. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i03.010
ABSTRACT

Background and objective: Non specific occupational related back pain is a common disorder affecting workers. It has multifactorial contributing factors mainly those performing physically demanding task, adopting awkward posture and carry out task is static position for longer period of time. Globally such condition caused serious burden in operation cost and productivity. The aims of study is to evaluate the relationship of sitting posture and occupational related back pain among white collar workers.

Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive types of study. Sitting posture is determined using self – administered close ended questionnaires. The questionnaires was distributed to workers experienced an occupational related back pain for the past 4 months.

Results: A total of 140 respondents involve in this study and had an experience of non specific occupational related back pain. Majority of them is female (50.9%) and work as administration assistance (29.3%). Pain intensity is varies with 75.7% and 17.2% complain of moderate and severe pain respectively. There is no statistically difference (P > 0.05) between sitting posture and occupational related non specific back pain among them.

Conclusion: The sitting posture was assessed through self – administer close ended questionnaires and didn’t reveal their exact sitting posture at work. Relatively, occupational related non specific back pain is high among them. Preventive measures need to be considered in order to empower employees on safety at workplace.

Keywords: White collar workers, sitting posture, occupational related back pain

Effectiveness of dual task training with mental practice in improving the balance and cognition in elderly population

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
N.Surya Krishnan, G.Velmurugan
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(3); 402-414. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i03.009
ABSTRACT

Background of the study: According to the study done by “Program On The Global Demography Of Aging At Harvard University – August 2016”, India’s aged population (age 60 and older) has dramatically increased and is three times higher than that of the population as a whole. Balance and cognitive issues are common problems that elderly face in their daily life as they can make elderly more prone for falls. Objective of the study was to determine the efficacy of dual task training with mental practice in improving balance and cognition of elderly population.

Methodology: 30 subjects with age > 65 were participated in this study. Subjects were divided in to two equal groups with 15 samples in each group. Group A performed Dual task training, mental practice and conventional balance exercises and Group B performed conventional balance exercises. Both group performed the exercises for four (4) weeks. Outcome was measured before and after the treatment using BBS and MMSE. Analysis were done using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test.

Results: There is significant difference in balance and cognition in elderly population after practicing dual task training along with mental practice.

Conclusion : For the elderly with balance and cognitive

 Keywords: 

The combined effectiveness of gaze stability exercise and Otago exercise on balance and fall risk in elderly people

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Seethal Vincent, Jitto Joseph
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(3); 390-401. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i03.008
ABSTRACT

Background: Falls and resulting injuries have become one of the most serious health issues for elderly. Studies have shown the effectiveness of gaze stability exercise and Otago exercise program on balance and fall risk reduction respectively in elderly people. So far their combined effectiveness has not been studied. Objective: To find the combined effect of gaze stability exercise and Otago exercise program on improving balance and reducing fall risk in elderly people.

Method: 30 subjects with age group 65- 75 participated in this study. Subjects were divided into two equal groups with 15 samples in each. Group A performed gaze stability exercises and Otago exercise program along with conventional exercise and Group B performed conventional exercise alone. Both groups performed the exercises for two months. The outcome was measured before and after the treatment using Berg Balance Scale and Dynamic Gait Index. Statistical analysis was done using Wilcoxon and Mann- Whitney U test.

Result: Based on the statistical analysis, the result of the present study shows that there is a statistically significant difference in balance and fall risk between pre-test and post-test in both experimental and control group(p<0.000). Experimental group shows greater improvement in balance on BBS and reduction in fall risk on DGI than the control group in elderly people.

Conclusion: This study provides evidence about the combined effectiveness of gaze stability exercise and Otago Exercise program in improving balance and reducing fall risk in elderly people.

Keywords: Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, Gaze stability exercises,Otago exercise program

A comparative study between the efficacy of swiss ball exercise v/s pressure biofeedback training on pain, mobility and functional disability in computer professionals with non specific neck pain

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Parvathy.S,Vaishali Sreejith
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(3); 379-389. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i03.007
ABSTRACT

Background and purpose: Neck pain is a communal problem in the computer professionals. Among 59% of WRMSDs (work related musculoskeletal disorder) reported annually in India 30% cases are of neck pain. It is already proven that swiss ball training and pressure biofeedback training are effective for reducing pain, improving muscle strength, and mobility other than conventional exercises. Till now no study had done to compare the effectiveness of swiss ball training v/s pressure  biofeedback training on pain, mobility and functional disability in nonspecific neck pain for computer professionals. Objectives of the study: To compare the effects of Swiss ball training v/s pressure biofeedback training on neck pain neck, mobility and functional disability.

Methods: 30 subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were divided into two equal groups. Group A underwent swiss ball neck exercises and Group B underwent pressure biofeedback training. Both groups were given chin tuck exercise, ultrasound and ergonomic advises. Interventions were conducted over 6 weeks, three sessions per week, sessions of 20-30 minutes. Outcomes were measured before and after the treatment.

Result: pre-post-test within the group found effective in both groups. However, pressure biofeedback training group shows greater improvement than Swiss ball training group in computer professionals with nonspecific neck pain.

Conclusion: This study concluded that both exercise program are effective in improving pain, mobility and functional ability but pressure biofeedback training was more effective among computer professionals with nonspecific neck pain.

Keywords: Computer professionals; nonspecific neck pain; pressure biofeedback training; Swiss ball exercise; pain; mobility; functional disability

Effects of multisensory exercises on improving physical function and reducing number of falls in subjects with diabetic neuropathy

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Misha.P.M, G.Velmurugan
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (3), 367-378. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i03.006
ABSTRACT

Background: Impaired sensations associated with PN in type 2 Diabetes, are thought to cause balance impairments that can increase the incidence of no: of falls and progressive deterioration of physical function. MS Exercises that have proved to improve balance are thought to be more effective in improving physical function and reducing no of falls. Objectives of the study was to determine the effect of MS Exercises in improving physical function and in reducing no: of falls.

Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed as type 2 DPN were enrolled, and subdivided into experimental group (n=15) and control group (n=15).The experimental group practiced MS balance exercises and Control group practiced balance exercises for 30 minutes, thrice a week, over 6 weeks. Outcome measures used were Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) to assess physical function and ‘Timed Up and Go’ (TUG) test for assessing no: falls. The statistical methods used were Wilcoxen Signed Rank Test and Mann  whiteny U Test.

Result: Based on the statistical analysis, the result showed that there was statistically significant difference in improving physical function and reducing no: of falls between pre-test and post-test values of both groups. Experimental group showed greater improvement in physical function while measuring with LEFS and reduction in no: of falls while measuring with TUGT than control group in subjects with Type 2 DN.

Conclusion: The clinical observation suggests that the MS Exercises is an effective intervention in improving physical function and reducing no: of falls in subjects with type 2 DN.

Keywords: Diabetes, Diabetic Neuropathy, Multisensory exercise, Physical function

Effectiveness of manual physical therapy and low intensity cycle ergometry in improving pain, stiffness, physical function and functional exercise capacity in adult with osteoarthritis knee

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Lijin. D. Raj, Andrews Milton
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (3), 354-366. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i03.005
ABSTRACT

Background and objective: Manual physical therapy and low-intensity cycle ergometry has strong theoretical basis in treatment and prevention of OA Knee. Physical therapy consists of manual therapy to knee, combined with range of motion and strengthening exercises. Recent advances has shown that cycle ergometry is beneficial in OA knee. Stationary cycling did not increase knee pain in patients with OA knee. The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of manual physical therapy and Low intensity cycle ergometry in OA knee.

Methdology: 30 subjects with osteoarthritis knee were recruited and divided into groups A and B with 15 subjects in each group after signing an informed consent. Pre test was conducted on “WOMAC” for pain, stiffness and physical function and “Six minute walk test” for functional exercise capacity on both Groups. After a brief demonstration, Group A subjects were subjected to manual physical therapy, low intensity cycle ergometry and supervised exercise program for a period of 4 weeks, 2 sessions per week. After a brief demonstration, Group B subjects were subjected to supervised exercise program for a period of 4 weeks, 2 sessions per week. Post test was conducted on “WOMAC” for pain, stiffness and physical function and “Six minute walk test” for functional exercise capacity on both Groups.

Result: Based on the statistical analysis, the result of the present study shows that there is statistically significant difference in pain, stiffness, physical function and functional exercise capacity between pre-test and post-test in both experimental and control group.

Conclusion: Manual physical therapy and low intensity cycle ergometry is effective in improving pain, stiffness, physical function and functional exercise capacity in OA Knee.

Keywords: Osteoarthritis knee, manual physical therapy, low intensity bicycle ergometry, pain, stiffness, functional exercise capacity, womac, 6 min walk test.

Comparative study between muscle energy technique and eccentric training in improving hamstring muscle flexibility and performance in male college athletes

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Gopikrishnan.C.G, Prasanth G.S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (3), 340-353. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v03i03.004
ABSTRACT

Background: Hamstrings muscles are large, long muscle located on back of the thigh which acts upon two joints, the hip and knee. The functions of the hamstring muscles are knee flexion and hip extension. Lack of hamstring flexibility and strength is the most important characteristic of hamstring injuries in athlete’s. Purpose of this study was to investigate compare the effectiveness of Muscle Energy techniques and eccentric training to improve Hamstring muscle performance and flexibility tightness in college male athletes.

Methods: sixty subjects with age group 18-25 were recruited in this study.The subjects were divided into two groups Group A (Experimental1) and Group B (Experimental2). Group A underwent muscle energy technique and Conventional treatment, Group B underwent eccentric training and Conventional treatment. Interventions were conducted over a period of 5 days. All subjects were assessed for pain flexibility using hand active knee extension test and performance using single leg hop test before and after intervention period.

Results: The data was analyzed through paired test for comparing pre and posttest values of the active knee extension and single leg hop within both group and Independent t test for comparison of data between the two groups. Results of this study show that Muscle Energy techniques and eccentric training improves Hamstring muscle flexibility and performance in college male athlete’s.

Conclusion: Muscle energy technique is more effective than eccentric training in improving hamstring muscle tightness and performance in college male athletes.

 Keywords: Muscle Energy Techniques, Eccentric training, Active knee extension test, Single hope length test

Effectiveness of mobilization with movement and myofascial release technique in improving pain free grip strength, pressure pain threshold and functional disability in subjects with recurrent chronic lateral epicondylalgia

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Anusha M S, Andrews Milton
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (3), 326-339. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v03i03.003
ABSTRACT

Background: Recurrent musculoskeletal pain has an apparent repercussion on health care costs, employment productivity and quality of life. Lateral epicondylalgia, is a common recurrent musculoskeletal complaint that is often confronted by physical therapists. Pain, reduced grip strength and functional disability are main problems seen in chronic lateral epicondylalgia patients (CLE). The complexity in pathophysiology of CLE is reflected by the lack of consensus on management and remains a therapeutic challenge. Purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of Mulligan’s mobilization with movement and myofascial release technique on pain, pain free grip strength and functional disability in recurrent chronic lateral epicondylalgia patients.

Methods: Thirty subjects within age group 25-50 fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups; Group A (Experimental) and Group B (Control). Group A underwent Mulligan’s Mobilization with movement, myofascial release technique and Conventional treatment, Group B underwent Conventional treatment only. Interventions were conducted over a period of 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week, 1 session per day. All subjects were assessed for pain free grip strength using hand dynamometer, functional disability using Patient rated tennis elbow evaluation questionnaire and pressure pain threshold using pressure algometer before and after intervention.

Results: Mulligan’s MWM combined with myfascial release technique and conservative treatment is more effective in treating recurrent chronic lateral epicondylalgia.

Conclusion: This study asserts a multimodal treatment approach for the management of recurrent chronic lateral epicondylalgia by relieving myofascial, articular and nervous system impairments.

Keywords: Chronic lateral epicondylalgia; Mulligan’s mobilization with movement; Myofascial release technique; Pressure pain threshold; Pain free grip strength.

The effect of Kinesio-taping in improving pain, shoulder disability and forward head posture in patient’s with shoulder impingement syndrome

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Aliya. F, Mithen Dev
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (3), 312-325. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v03i03.002
ABSTRACT

Background: Shoulder impingement syndrome is the common condition of the shoulder which results in considerable morbidity and financial cost in the healthcare industry. Pain, reduced strength and disability are the main problems seen in SIS. Few studies are available for treating patients with SIS using kinesio taping in general population. Most similar studies were conducted on specific population. Hence a need arise to rule out the usefulness of addition of kinesio taping to conventional exercise for SIS patients with forward head posture. Objective of the study was to find out the effect of kinesio taping in improving pain, disability and forward head posture in patients with SIS.

Methods: 30 subjects were recruited in this study after obtaining an informed consent and divided into two groups; Group (A) (Experimental) and Group(B) (Control). Group A underwent kinesio taping, conventional exercise and Group B underwent conventional exercises. Interventions were conducted over 1 week, KT application 2 times/week and conventional exercise 3 times daily. All subjects were assessed for pain, disability and forward head posture using VAS, DASH questionnaire and CVA using Kinovea software before and after intervention period.

Result: There is significance difference between pain, disability and forward head posture after the application of kinesio taping in patients with SIS. Analysis was done using Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test.

Conclusion: This study concluded that kinesio taping is effective for improving pain, disability and forward head posture in patients with SIS.

Keywords: Disability, Forward head posture, Kinesio tape, Kinovea software, Subacromial impingement.

Effectiveness of LSVT big exercise to improve balance in mild to moderate stage Parkinson’s patients

2017Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Aarti Sundaran, G. Velmurugan
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017, Vol 3 (3), 300-311. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2018.v03i03.001
ABSTRACT

Background and objective: Parkinson’s disease is a condition in which balance problem is one of the debilitating sign which is not responsive to treatment with medication. Several researches that examined the effect of LSVT big have recommended benefits relevant to a variety of outcomes. Nonetheless, very little consensus reviews have synthesized research findings across the spectrum of balance. The objective of the study is to find the effectiveness of LSVT BIG exercise to improve balance in mild to moderate stage Parkinson’s patients.

Methods: 30 patients with idiopathic PD fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recruited after obtaining an informed consent. The subjects were divided into two groups i.e., experimental and control group. Pre & Posttest measures were taken using Berg Balance Scale. The experimental group subjects received LSVT BIG training & conventional exercises and control group received conventional group of balance exercises. The intervention spanned for 1 hour session, 4 consecutive days a week for 4 weeks.

Result: Both the experimental and control group showed improvement in balance performance after receiving the intervention. But the experimental group showed greater improvement (P=0.005) as compared to the control group with constant  practice in the BIG training of Parkinson’s patients as determined by the Berg Balance scale.

Conclusion: The study documented the impact of LSVT Big training, on balance parameter. The study postulates that it is powerful in its ability to improve balance in mild to moderate Parkinson’s patients.

Keywords: Lee Silvermann Voice Treatment (LSVT) Big exercise; Parkinson’s disease; Balance; Berg Balance scale; Neurorehabilitation.

Comparing the effects of specific hip strengthening exercises and conventional knee exercises in sprinters with patello-femoral pain syndrome

2017Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
M.S.Sundaram, Merlin
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(1); 290-299. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i02.004
ABSTRACT

Background and purpose: Patello femoral pain Syndrome is an over use injury and one of the commonest problems seen in adolescents who are physically active. Till date no study has been done comparing the effect of adding specific hip strengthening exercises (gluteus medius, gluteus maximus & lateral rotators) over conventional exercises in subjects with Patello femoral Pain Syndrome.  The objective of the study is to compare the effects of hip Strengthening exercises and Conventional Knee exercise among female sprinters with Patello femoral pain syndrome.

Methods: 30 subjects with age group 17-22 were participated in this study. Subjects were divided in to two equal groups with 15 samples in each group. Group A performed specific weight bearing hip strengthening exercises and Group B performed Hip strengthening exercise with resistance along with conventional knee exercise. Both group performed the exercises for four(4) weeks. Outcome was messured before and after the treatment.

Result: Pre-post-test within the group found significantely effective on both groups. Comparative study found that there is significant difference on effect between the groups with P-value 0.0001. Group B found more effective compared to Group-A with hip strengthening resistance exercise and conventional exercise over hip strengthening exercise alone.

Conclusion: This study concluded that both exercise program are effective in reduction of pain, improvement of muscle strength and functional staus, but combined exercise program was more effective among female sprinters with Patello femoral pain syndrome.

Keywords: Patello-femoral Pain syndrome (PFPS), Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS),  Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS), Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), Conventional exercise.

Comparing the effects of Pilates and conventional core stabilization exercise with moist hot pack in females with low back pain

2017Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
M.S.Sundaram, Pavitra
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(2); 283-289. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i02.003
ABSTRACT

Background Low back pain (LBP) has been recognized as a common condition that affects public health in adults and adolescents. Low back pain is one of the commonest musculoskeletal problems in modern society and most highly prevalent. In India nearly 60% of the population has significant low back pain at some point in life. Objective of the study were to compare the effects of pilates and conventional core stabilization exercise with moist hot pack in low back pain.

Methods: 30 subjects with age group 18-25 were participated in this study. Subjects were divided in to two equal groups with 15 samples in each group. Group A performed the hundred, side bend, Swan rising pilate and Group B quadruped exercise, curl ups, Supine bridge. Both group performed the exercises for four(4) weeks. Outcome was messured before and after the treatment.

Result: Pre-post-test within both groups found significantely effective on reducing pain and improves functional status but Group-B with conventional core stabilization showed better improvement in reduction in pain than Group-A with the pilates exercise.

Conclusion: Conventional core stabilization exercises with moist hot pack can be used for better pain relief and faster recovery in low back pain as it helps in better recruitment of the diaphragm as a core muscles.

Keywords: Pilates,conventional core stabilization, moist hot pack ,low back pain.

Effects of cryotherapy on intrinsic muscles strength of hand using modified Sphygmomanometer

2017Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Tilak Francis T G, Rajeswari
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(2); 278-282. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i02.002
ABSTRACT

Background and purpose: The purpose of the study is effects of cryotherapy on the intrinsic muscle strength of the hand using modified sphygmomanometer.Therapeutic use of ice has clinical applications both in rehabilitation and other areas of medicine. Cryotherapy has been show to decrease increase and not impact torque production which requies isometric strength of intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of hand. Till date few studies have been conducted to see the carry over effect of cryotherapy on intrinsic muscle. The objective of the study was to find out the effectiveness of cryotherapy on intrinsic muscle strength using modified sphygmomanometer.

Methodology: 50 subjects with age group 17-23 were participated in this study. This study clinically implied to find out the immediate and carry over effect of cryotherapy on intrinsic muscle strength of hand using modified sphygmomanometer.

Result: There is significant increase in intrinsic muscle strength immediately after the cryotherapy application. There is significant decrease in intrinsic muscle strength after 15-30 minutes of ice immersion. After 30-45 minutes it continuously decreased of hand strength.

Conclusion: The study concluded that muscle strength is increased at immediately after immersion of 100-150 cold water.

Keywords: Cryotherapy, Modified Sphygmomanometer, Muscle Strength, Intrinsic Muscles.

Effects of gloves on hand coordination using Jebsen hand function test

2017Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Tilak Francis T G, Ragavi R
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(2); 269-277. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i02.001
ABSTRACT

Background and purpose: Gloves are often necessary and used by the medical professionals, mechanics, cooks and in packing industries. The gloves provides protection from infections, physical harms. Some study stated that there is no differences found in grip strength and dexterity while wearing gloves. But other study stated that the type and material of glove is made up of can affects amount of force needed to grip an object. The present study is aimed when to wear the gloves and when not to wear the gloves in their work place. Objective of the study was to determine whether the use of gloves can affect the coordination of the hand, in a healthy population compared  with no gloves using Jebsen hand function test(JHFT).

Method: The study included fifty healthy subjects ranging between 18 to 25 years of age. Jebsen hand function test were used to observe the coordination and function of the hand with no glove and with different types of gloves.

Result: The result showed there is better coordination found in use of surgical rubber gloves.

Conclusion: This study concluded that surgical rubber glove shows better coordination compared with cotton knitted glove, plastic glove and no glove.

Keywords: Gloves, dexterity, coordination, Jebsen hand function test (JHFT )

Comparative study of effect of tens with passive stretching vs electric muscle stimulator with passive stretching on spasticity of biceps brachii muscle in stroke patients

2017Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Charu Sharma, Ambuj Tiwari, Shilpa Jain
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(1); 260 -268. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i01.003
ABSTRACT

Background and purpose: To analyze the effect of TENS & Electric Muscle Stimulator when combined with passive stretching on spasticity of biceps brachii muscle in stroke patients.

Method: 40 male & female subjects with stroke aged in between age 50-65 years are included in study on basis of inclusion criteria were conveniently assigned with 20 subjects in each group. Group A received TENS with passive stretching & Group B received Electric Muscle Stimulator with passive stretching. After assessment & evaluation of patients on day 1, MAS was recorded. Treatment was given 30 min. daily for 5 days a week for 6 weeks.

Result: The data was analyzed through Wilcoxon signed rank test for comparing the pre and post values of MAS with in both the groups and Mann Whitney Test for comparison of data between the two groups. Results of this study show that the Electric Muscle Stimulator when combined with passive stretching are much more effective in reducing spasticity of biceps brachii muscle in stroke patients.

Conclusion: This study provides evidence that both the intervention programs are effective in improving spasticity of biceps brachii muscle of stroke patients but Electric Muscle Stimulator with passive stretching is more beneficiary for the patients.

Keywords: Spasticity, Stroke, TENS, Electric Muscle Stimulator, Passive Stretching, Modified Ashwarth Scale.

Effectiveness of crossed reciprocal inhibition to reduce biceps brachii spasticity in stroke subjects- A random controlled trial

2017Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Janaki S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2017; Vol 3(1); 250 -259. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i01.002
ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Reduction of spasticity is helpful for improving the functional activities and this can be achieved by various techniques. Biceps spasticity is the most common disability in upper limb of a hemiplegic patient, which hinders the ROM at elbow and thus affecting the function of the upper limb as a whole. Biceps spasticity can be reduced effectively by crossed reciprocal inhibition technique. The purpose of this study is to find out the efficacy of crossed reciprocal inhibition in reducing the spasticity in biceps brachi.

Methods: Thirty hemiplegic patients were randomly assigned into experimental group that received crossed reciprocal inhibition (n=15) and the control group that received conventional therapy (n=15). Both groups received 30 minutes of either one of the training for 15 days. Treatment outcomes were assessed and compared by measuring the spasticity reduction with the help of Modified Ashworth scale and Goniometry for ROM at Elbow.

Results: After 15 days of treatment period, the experimental group patients scored significantly higher improvements than the conventional group for spasticity reduction as per the statistical analysis (P=0.05), and ROM at elbow has also showed considerable improvement. Conclusion: Crossed reciprocal inhibition technique is comparatively more efficient in reducing biceps spasticity in hemiplegics over conventional techniques.

Keywords: Crossed reciprocal inhibition, Hemiplegia, Modified Ashworth Scale, Spasticity.

Does yoga help in nocturnal enuresis in children?- A pilot study

2017Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
B. Arun, S. Rajesh Kannan
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science , 2017; Vol 3(1); 245-249. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2017.v03i01.001
ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Nocturnal enuresis or Bed wetting is a common problem in children. It is defined as the unintentional passage of urine during sleep. Bed wetting is normal till the age of 4 yrs, continue of bedwetting over the age is due to either physical or psychological factors. Researchers found that globally around 15 % of children are suffering with it. Various treatment strategies are there to manage bedwetting; still there is no identified solution for it. The purpose of the study is to find out the effect of yoga on reduction of bed wetting frequency in children.

Methods: 10 children with nocturnal enuresis were selected following a detailed description about the study. Structured yoga programme was taught to the children & their parents. Yoga classes were conducted on alternative days for 4 weeks. Voiding dairy was given to every mother and asked them to note down the frequency of nocturnal enuresis. Following the 4 weeks of yogic practice the voiding dairy reports were collected from the mother and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Result: The result of the study shows that there was significant improvement in the urinary control in children after structured yoga programme.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the yoga plays a vital role in nocturnal enuresis as well as it also improves the moral boost in children.

Keywords: Yoga, Bed wetting, Voiding diary, Nocturnal enuresis

Handgrip strength and its association with left ventricles ejection fraction among cardiac patients

2016DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Siti Nur Baait Binti Mohd Sokran,Vikram Mohan, MohdDaud Bin Sulaiman, Ida Rosmini Binti Othman
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(4); 245-249. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i04.004
ABSTRACT

Background and objectives:This study focused on exploring the relationship between handgrip strength and Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) among cardiac disease patients.

Methods:This is a cross-sectional study. The study conducted at KPJ Damansara Specialist Hospital. Subjects were recruited based on selection criteria as set by the study protocol involved 50 subjects and it was carried out in among conservative management cardiac patients. Main outcome measures was to measure the handgrip strength using Jamar hand dynamometer and the LVEF was assessed by echocardiography. Spearman-rank correlation and simple linear regression analysis were used to analyse the study results.

Results:There was a relationship found between bilateral handgrip strength and LVEF among cardiac patients with dominant handgrip strength showed higher correlation value, ρ= 0.375 (p< 0.05) as compared to the non-dominant handgrip strength ρ= 0.334 (p<0.05). However, there was no significant relationship found between dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength and LVEF among male subject with ρ=0.102 (p0.546) and ρ0.155 (p0.360). There were also non-significant relationship between non-dominant handgrip strength and LVEF among female subject ρ=0.348 (p0.203) but significant positive relationship for dominant handgrip strength with LVEF ρ=0.500 (p0.030). Simple linear regression analysis demonstrated an interaction between non-dominant handgrip strength and LVEF (R²=.081, p <0.05) with small effect size.

Conclusion:The correlation analysis of the present study demonstrated relationship between bilateral handgrip strength with ventricular function. The subgroup analysis between the genders showed there was significant relationship found between dominant handgrip strength and LVEF among female subject only. Therefore, handgrip strength able provides valid information about ventricular function as the variables were related among female individuals with cardiac disease.

Keywords:Handgrip strength, Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac disease.

The effect of core stability training on sports functionalperformances and dynamic balance among healthy undergraduate college students:a randomized controlled study

2016DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Kumaran Thanigachalam,Manikandan Rengasamy, ArumugamKaveri Vinayagam, Balamurugan Subramanian, Arunkumar T.H., Thangapandian Subramaniam, Jim Brown Clements
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(4); 217-230. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i04.001
ABSTRACT

Back ground and objectives: Evidences on the impact of Core Stability Training (CST) on Sports Functional Performances (SFP) have demonstrated some positive correlation between them in few sports, however evidences lack to prove causal relationship between them, especially among normal subjects.  This study attempts to investigate the effect of ‘CST’ on ‘SFP’ and Dynamic Balance among healthy undergraduate college students.

Methods:50 Healthy undergraduate college students were selected after initial screening process.  They were randomly allocated to either core stability Training Group (TG) or Control Group (CG).  Subjects in TG underwent 8-weeks of core stability training, whereas the subjects in CG were given no intervention and asked to carry out their usual activities.  All the subjects underwent a pre and post intervention measurements for their level of sports functional performances such as agility running, distance running, ball throwing, vertical jumping, which were measured using ‘T-test’, ’40-Yard dash test’, ‘Medicine ball throw test’ ‘Vertical jump height test’ respectively and dynamic balance was measured using YBT Functional Goniometer.

Results: Immediately after the 8-weeks of core stability training, sports functional performances such as ability to T- agility running (p=0.022), 40-Yard running (p=0.006), vertical jump height (p=0.030), have improved significantly in Training Group compared to Control Group, except medicine ball throw (p=0.348) and dynamic balance (p=0.200).

Conclusion:8-weeks of core stability training in healthy undergraduate college students has resulted in improved lower limb sports functional performances .  This causal relationship can provide reasonable support in recommending core stability training in sports performance enhancement training programmes for normal subjects.

Keywords:Core Stability Training, Sports Functional Performances, Y Balance Test, Undergraduate College Students.

The association between demographic status and occupational related back pain among shipping port workers

2016DecemberJournal paperOccupational Therapy
Izham Zain, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(4); 239-244. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i04.003
ABSTRACT

Back ground and objectives:Work activities in shipping port are known to be a physically demanding task. The risk of getting occupational related back pain among them is relatively high. Currently, there is limited data that can be used to determine the status of occupational related back pain among them in local setting. The aim of study is to evaluate the prevalence of occupational related back pain among shipping port workers.

Methods:This is a cross sectional descriptive type of study. The respondents were shipping port workers receiving physiotherapy treatment for their occupational related back pain at the shipping medical center. A set of questionnaire were distributed to gather their demographic data and back pain pain intensity.

Results:A total of 81 respondent eligible to this study with mean age of is 34.9 (±8.78), maximum pain intensity recorded was 5/10. Majority (n=59) of respondent seeking physiotherapy treatment were engaged with crane maneuver. The activity that increase the incidence of back pain is driving heavy vehicle (n=27) and adopting prolong trunk bending (n=20). There is no statistically significant (p>0.005) association between pain intensity, age,  body mass index (BMI) and waist measurement.

Conclusion:This study didn’t investigate employees knowledge and their working habit at workplace. Such factors cannot be denied and should be investigated to determine its relationship with occupational related back pain. Subsequently, a constructive preventive measures should be tailored accordingly in order to curb occupational related back pain among shipping port workers.

 Keywords:Shipping port workers, occupational related back pain, physiotherapy treatment.

Respiratory rehabilitation of mechanicaly ventilated patients with organophosporous poisioning

2016DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Gitanjali Sikka, Suman Mehra
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(4); 231-238. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i04.002
ABSTRACT

Back ground and objectives: Organophosphates (OP) are used as insecticides in agricultural and domestic settings throughout the world. Acute organophosporous (OP) pesticide self- poisoning is a major global problem. Early recognition of respiratory failure, prompt endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are life- saving measures in severe OP poisoning.  Patients with OP poisoning may have respiratory failure for many reasons, including aspiration of gastric contents, excessive secretions, pneumonia and septicemia complicating adult respiratory distress syndrome and thereby physical therapy may be indicated for patients in the intensive care setting.

Methods: A total of twenty patients ranging in age from 25-45 years, mechanically ventilated for respiratory muscle paralysis, due to organophosporous poisoning,  recruited from various ICU’s were included in the study. Effects of physiotherapy treatment were studied on static lung compliance (CST), oxygenation ratio (PaO2: FiO2 ratio) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2). Measurements of dependent variables were recorded (PRE) before commencement of treatment, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after treatment.

Results: Analysis of variance showed that there was highly significant improvement in CST mean values (p<0.01) and significant improvement in PaCO2 mean values (p<0.05). Comparing mean values with critical difference, significant critical difference was observed between mean values at PRE and Post-30, and between PRE and Post-60 time intervals (p<0.05) for CST, PaO2:FiO2 ratio and PaCO2, respectively.

Conclusion:Respiratory rehabilitation of patients with organophosporous poisoning can be effectively achieved with employment of various physiotherapeutic techniques including manual hyperinflation and bronchial hygiene therapy.

Keywords:Manual hyperinflation, organophosphorous poisoning, static lung compliance, mechanical ventilation.

The effectiveness of post isometric relaxation technique in relation with pulmonary function and the chest expansion of post thoracic surgery patients

2016Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Rakesh O R, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(3); 205-216. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i03.004
ABSTRACT

Back ground and objectives: Post-thoracic surgery sessions are common among the patients and develops pulmonary complications such as atletasis, retention of sputum, infections, pleural effusion, and most likely respiratory failure. After Post-thoracic surgery the patients may present with marked reduction in the chest expansion, and it may leads to reduction in the pulmonary function. This study aims to improve the chest expansion and pulmonary function by an intervention using selected physical exercise programme for thorax.

Methods: 30 post-thoracic surgery patients selected for this study. The subjects in both groups received informative leaflet reinforcing the educational program.The experimental group had performed selected physical exercise program for thorax for 6 days after thoracic surgery with duration of 30 minutes ,twice a day along with breathing exercises. The control group had performed breathing exercise for 30 minutes and session for 6 days after thoracic surgery. The pre and post test assessment, which included chest expansion measurement and pulmonary function test values were noted.

Results:Both groups have shown improvement after treatment .But when the score of the both groups compared to find out the effectiveness of experimental groups ,there was significant change in the group of additional of post Isometric relaxation technique over the control group on improving chest expansion and pulmonary functions.

Conclusion:The study findings indicated that additional Post Isometric Relaxation technique to the patients helped to improve the chest expansion & pulmonary function.However before implementing on to clinical practice, this results needs to be reviewed with few more detailed clinical trial.

Key Words: Post Isometric Relaxation, Chest Expansion Measurement, Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second.

Effectiveness of technical training vs. proprioceptive training to prevent recurrence of ankle sprains in Volleyball players- A comparative study

2016Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Vivek Kumar Arora, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(3); 187-204. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i03.003
ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Ankle Sprain is one of the major cause of disability in professional volleyball players, which affects on their performance to a great extent, and a history of ankle sprain make the players more susceptible to recurrence of ankle sprain. Objectives of this study was to find out the effectiveness and to compare the effectiveness of the proprioceptive training and technical training immediately after the end of the treatment and after three months in prevention of  recurrence of ankle sprain among volleyballers.

Methods: 30 subjects with previous history of grade I or grade II ankle sprain, within one year were selected for the study. They were divided into two groups equally,15 in each group A and group B. Group A received five minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of unilateral balance board training . Group B received five minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of unilateral vertical jumps.

Results: Pre and post data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon’s sign rank test, paired ‘t’ test. Intra group analysis showed that both groups have shown significant improvement after treatment. In, inter group analysis, the post scores of both groups were compare to find out the effectiveness of one training over other, there was no remarkable difference between the proprioceptive training and technical training.

Conclusion: The study concluded that proprioceptive and technical training can be an effective treatment to prevent recurrence of ankle sprain in subjects with previous history of grade I or grade II ankle sprain.

Keywords: Ankle Sprain, Single Leg Balance test, Balance Board, Vertical Jumps, Visual Analogue Scale.

Comparative study of combined effect of task oriented Motor Relearning Programme (MRP) and thermal stimulation over its individual effects to improve upper limb motor function of middle cerebral artery(MCA) stroke subjects

2016Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Shameer P S, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(3); 174-186. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i03.002
ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Functional recovery is one of the major causes of concern in stroke subjects with performing activities of daily living. Upper limb impairment affects the performance of many activities of daily living. Our major objective of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of the individual and combined effect of motor relearning programme and Thermal stimulation to improve upper limb motor function.

Methods: A random sampling method is used to select subjects with right MCA stroke. Thirty subjects were included and randomly divided into three groups by using lottery method, with ten in each group A, B and C. Group A, B and C had underwent a MRP,Thermal Stimulation and combination of these two techniques respectively. The outcomes are measured by the MMAS, and STREAM scale.

Results: Analysis of variance has been used to find the significance of study parameters between different groups. Paired t’ test has been used to find the significance of the  study within each group. According to Results Group A shows better improvement than group B and It shows that upper limb motor function improved significantly higher in Group C (P<0.001**) when compared to Group A and Group B in MMAS and STREAM scale evaluation.

Conclusion: The present study indicates that physiotherapy treatment showed that the use of individual effect of motor relearning programme is more effective than Thermal Stimulation technique but the combined effect of these two techniques is more effective than the individual effect can bring out significant changes in the upper limb motor function of  MCA Stroke subjects.

Keywords: Stroke, Motor Relearning Progrm,Thermal Stimulation, Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM), Modified Motor Assessment Scalele (MMAS).

Static and dynamic balance in low vision and normal vision adults

2016Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Tilak Francis T G, Nandhini Priya S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(3); 167-173. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i03.001
ABSTRACT

Purpose of the study: To further understand the balance of low vision with myopia and hyperopia because they have the tendency to wear the spectacles for their own purpose like reading or while performing few activities. So this study provide evidence to visualize the balance problems even after removing spectacles and this result would be beneficial for future interventions focused on reducing falls in this population.

Methodology: Type of the study is descriptive and observational study. Individuals between 20-40yrs were assessed with low vision (Hyperopia and Myopia) and normal vision using Berg’s balance scale. Materials used were Measuring scale, two standard chairs (one with arm rest and one without arm rest), Foot stool, Stop watch.

Result: There is co-relation between static and dynamic balance in individuals with low vision (Significant difference i.e., p<0.05 at 90% confidence interval level).

Conclusion: This study concluded that the static and dynamic balance was affected in individuals with low vision using berg’s balance scale.

Keywords: Balance: Low vision (Hyperopia, Myopia), Normal vision, Berg’s balance scale.

Effectiveness of goal attainment scoring as a clinical measurement in elderly Parkinson patients with gait abnormalities

2016Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Prasanna R
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(2); 158-166. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i02.005
ABSTRACT

Aims and objectives of the study: The aim of this study was to establish an effective scoring method for evaluation of functional outcomes and to measure the changes in functional ability among Parkinson patients. Objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of outcome measurement of Goal Attainment Scaling in Parkinson patients with gait abnormalities and also to establish a standardized method to detect the changes in function of the patients.

Methodology: The design of the study was a prospective quasi experimental study. This study conducted for three months in a home based physiotherapy care for Parkinson’s patients with gait abnormalities. Twenty Parkinson patients were participated in this study. The therapeutic goals of individual were established in consultation with the patients and their care givers. The weightage for the importance of each goal was determined and entered into a tabulator and baseline GAS scores calculated along with Dynamic Gait index scores and Timed Up and Go Scores. At the appointed review date the levels achieved was determined by the patients and the team.

Results: The Goal Attainment Scores for the patients before and after treatment for 3 months were statistically analysed with TUG and DGI scores and they  showed a significant improvement in their functional status, which is evident from the unpaired t test with p value 0.0001.

Conclusion: The study reinforced the importance of Goal Attainment Scaling as a versatile tool to be used to evaluate the changes in function as rehabilitation of Parkinson patients in addition to providing a quantitative measure of the service outcomes.

 Keywords: Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), Parkinson diseases, Dynamic Gait index scores, Timed Up and Go Scores.

Comparative effect of crushed ice and elastogel cold wrap on ankle sprain

2016Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Tilak Francis T G, Pradeepa S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(2); 150-157. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i02.004
ABSTRACT

Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to find the comparative effect of crushed ice and elasto gel cold wrap treatments on ankle pain and disability among acute ankle sprain patients.

Methodology: This was a comparative study conducted at Radial orthopedic clinic, Chennai. This study included both male and female subjects with acute ankle sprain. 20 acute ankle sprain patients were taken as subjects and they were divided into two groups, Group A and Group B with 10 subjects in each group. Group A and Group B were applied with elasto gel and crushed ice respectively. Once the application was finished in the clinic all the patients were asked to apply ice in home for every 2 hours. This was done in 3 consecutive days. VAS scale and Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) were used as measurement tools to find the outcome of disability and pain of ankle joint.

Result: There is a significant mean difference (VAS: 2.4 < 4.46), (FADI: 30.060 < 32.750) found between the elasto gel cold wrap and crushed ice application on pain and disability among the acute ankle sprain patients.

Conclusion: The study concluded that elasto gel cold wrap is more effective than crushed ice on treatment of patients with acute ankle sprain.

Keywords: Crushed ice, elasto gel cold wrap, Visual Analogue scale (VAS), Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI).

Comparative effect of Swiss ball core exercises over traditional core exercises in improving the agility and balance in basket ball players

2016Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
M.S. Sundaram
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(2); 141-149. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i02.003
ABSTRACT

Back ground of the study: Core muscle activation during Swiss ball and traditional abdominal exercise, were done priory in some studies. A study of core stability and athletic Performance was described in other studies. The aim of this study is to find out the effectiveness of core muscle strengthening for basketball players by using the traditional core exercises and Swiss ball exercises to improve their performance level.

Methodology: A total of 30 male subjects were divided into two groups A and B, selected for this study. Among them in group ‘A’ assigned to follow the traditional method and in other group ‘B’ were to follow the Swiss ball exercises, in which both the groups were  to concentrate on core strengthening program. The exercises included 10 repetition, 3 to 4 set, everyday for 5 weeks program, along with their routine warm ups and stretching. Statistical tool used in this study is t-test.

Results: The pre and post test values of mean table values shows that group B exercises DLLT, t-test for swiss ball exercises having better result than DLLT for traditional core exercises and t-test for traditional core exercises in group A.

Conclusion: The result of this comparative study indicates that Swiss ball core exercises are more beneficial than traditional core exercises among basketball players. Overall this study show that core strengthening and agility training method are improving not only the strength and agility but also improves the performance level among basketball players.

Keywords: Core muscle, Swiss ball exercises, traditional exercises, Inclinometer, Double leg lowering test (DLLT).

Effect of cryotherapy on joint position sense – An experimental study

2016Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Tilak Francis T G, Deepika S
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(2); 134-140. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i02.002
ABSTRACT

Back Ground of the Study: The slowing of nerve conduction is commonly a desired effect of cryotherapy, the use of cryotherapy in DOMS (delayed onset of muscle soreness) remains questionable. The aim of this study was to present data on DOMS induced position sense of healthy ankle after cryotherapy to clarify the effectiveness and safety of this therapy. Delayed onset of muscle soreness is defined as the sensation of discomfort or pain in the skeletal muscles following physical activity,  usually eccentric to which an individual is not accustomed. Although muscle soreness usually occurs on less physically trained individuals, most people including athletes can experience this soreness.

Methodology: The subjects were allocated in to two groups, 10 in each group. After inducing DOMS, subjects in group A were assessed for joint position sense every day for 3 consecutive days and subjects in group B were given cryotherapy with elastogel cold wrap and assessed for the same as of group A. Mean difference between groups of pre and post test scores were analysed to find the outcome.

Result: This study found that there is a significant difference in mean values of scores in joint position sense when compaired between the group A and B after applying elasto-gel cold wrap.

Conclusion: This study concluded that elasto gel cold wrap application is more effective after DOMS, which improves the joint position sense thereby decreasing the undue effect of DOMS.

 Keywords: Delayed onset of muscle soreness, joint position sense, elasto-gel cold wrap.

Prevalence of myofascial trigger points in non-specific neck or shoulder pain among University students

2016Journal paperJunePHYSIOTHERAPY
Manoj Abraham Manoharlal, Lum Jer Shin, Sara Teng Lee Cardoso, Soh Yaw Yin
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(2); 122-133. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i02.001
ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: A high prevalence of non-specific neck or shoulder pain exists among university students. A few studies had been conducted in Malaysia to study the prevalence and possible risk factors associated with non-specific neck pain among college students. The purposes of this study were to study the prevalence, the anatomical locations and disability grading of myofascial trigger points in non-specific neck or shoulder pain among university students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Subjects were selected according to the screening questionnaires. Eligible subjects were examined. Disability levels of the subjects were graded using Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). MTrPs palpations were done on 6 anatomical locations to locate MTrPs. Flat palpation technique and pincer palpation techniques were used.

Results: Among 350 participants, 59.7% participants reported having neck or shoulder pain. Out of 208 participants, 51% participants were having MTrPs with non-specific neck or shoulder pain. In general, both left and right upper trapezius showed the highest percentage of MTrPs which are 94.79% (n=91) respectively, followed by right neck extensors72.97% (n=70) and both left and right levator scapulae63.54 %( n=61). According to disability grading of NDI and SPADI, most subjects showed low levels of associated disability.

Conclusions: A high prevalence (51%) of MTrPs with non-specific neck or shoulder pain existed among university students. Upper trapezius, neck extensor and levator scapulae were found to be the muscles that prone to develop MTrPs. Majority of the participants (62.5%) fell under the category of mild disability.

 Keywords: Prevalence, Myofascial Trigger Points, Non-specific neck or shoulder pain

An article on preventing health threats and life style diseases through life style change

2016Journal paperMarchPhysical Education
Anish Babu P.V, Bestine C Michael
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; Vol 2(1); 118-121. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i01.006
ABSTRACT

Aim of the Article: The propose of this article is to bring the attention towards a method to overcome the barriers of lifestyle diseases .This article discuss about the ways and means to defend the lifestyle diseases and to provide a tool to tackle this threat.

Methods: The information on life style related to health problems collected from different medical journals. Life style of a person or a society is absolutely playing a vital role in deciding the health, recovery and quality of life of them. So some lifestyle changes improve fitness and quality of life and decreases the risk of many different diseases  or disorders.

Result: This article reveals the components, threats and challenges for leading a healthy/positive life style. So we can conclude that the one who is leading a healthy life style is the one who is leading a positive life style. The article describes the important to have positive healthy life style to overcome the challenges of lifestyle disease.

Conclusion: Contemporary life style in the country have resulted in may new generation daises in the society and most of them are due to an imbalanced lifestyle .The article can invite the attention to a way of life change to tackle the lifestyle diseases.

Keywords: Lifestyle diseases, quality of life, threats and challenges of life.

Comparative effect between hold relax versus ischemic compression techniques on upper trapezius myofacial trigger point

2016Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Vinod Babu. K, Sai Kumar. N, Akshata Akalwadi, Subodh Kumar Mahato
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; 2(1); 106-117. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i01.005
ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:Myofascial trigger point (MTrP) in trapezius is common problem giving rise to characteristic-referred pain and motor dysfunction. Various techniques are widely used for treating the myofascial trigger point like Ischemic compression(IC), Hold relax (HR), positional release therapy, etc. The purpose of the study to compare the effect between Hold Relax versus Ischemic Compression techniques  on pain, pressure pain threshold (PPT) and cervical lateral flexion range of motion (CROM) for subjects  with upper trapezius myofascial trigger point.

Methods: An experimental study design, 40 subjects with Chronic upper trapezius MTrP2 were randomized into two groups: HR group (n=20), and IC group (n=20). Subjects in HR group received Hold relax technique and Subjects in IC group received  ischemic  compression on Upper Trapezius TrP2, both the groups subjects received the technique for five times per session for six sessions per week for two weeks.

Results: Analysis within the groups using paired‘t’ test as a parametric and Wilcoxon signed rank test as a non-parametric test, there was a statistically significant improvements in means of VAS, PPT and cervical lateral flexion range of motion (ROM).

Conclusion: The study concluded that the Hold relax technique and ischemic compression technique found statistically and clinically significant effect on improving pain, pressure pain threshold and cervical lateral flexion range of motion for subjects with Upper trapezius myofascial trigger point (TrP2). The ischemic compression techniques shown to have greater percentage of improvement in improving pain and pressure pain threshold than Hold relax technique.

Key words: Myofascial trigger point, Hold relax technique, ischemic compression technique, myofascial trigger point pressure release technique, pressure pain threshold, Trapezius, Pressure algometer.

Comparative effect of forward staircase climbing versus backward staircase climbing training on cardio respiratory parameters for subjects with hypertension

2016Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Sai kumar.N, Vinod Babu. K, Ayyappan.V.R, Ekina Khadka
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; 2(1); 94-105. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i01.004
ABSTRACT

Background and Objective: Forward staircase climbing and backward staircase climbing training, individually have found to be effective in cardiorespiratory parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate in subjects with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to find the comparative effect of forward staircase climbing versus backward staircase climbing training on cardio respiratory parameters for subjects with hypertension.

Methods: An experimental study design, 40 subjects with hypertension were randomized into 20 subjects each group; forward staircase climbing group and backward staircase climbing group. Forward staircase climbing group received forward staircase training while backward staircase climbing group received backward staircase training for 4 weeks. Outcome measures such as heart rate, blood pressure were measured before and after four weeks of training.

Results: Analysis of means within the groups found that there is statistically significant improvement in means of blood pressure and heart rate in forward stair climbing and in backward  stair climbing groups. When post-intervention means were compared between the groups there was no statistically significant difference in means of heart rate and blood pressure.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that the forward staircase climbing and backward staircase climbing training found significantly effective in improvement of cardiorespiratory parameters such as blood pressure and heart rate for subjects with hypertension. However, forward stair climbing shown to have greater percentage of improvement on cardiorespiratory parameters than backward stair climbing technique.

Key words: Hypertension, Heart rate, Blood pressure, Harvard 3 minute step test, forward staircase climbing, backward staircase climbing.

The efficacy of Maitland's mobilization on the individuals with sacroiliac joint dysfunction

2016Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Kaushik Guha
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; 2(1); 86-93. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i01.003
ABSTRACT

Aims and Objectives: The term dysfunction describes the loss of movement known as joint play or accessory joint movement. The purpose of the study is to identify the sacroiliac dysfunction and to study the effect of Maitland’s Mobilization on the individuals diagnosed with Sacroiliac dysfunction. The objective of the study is to find out the efficacy of Maitland’s Mobilization on the individuals with Sacroiliac dysfunction.

Methods: The total subjects (N = 30) for the study were selected by Purposive sampling .The age of study population ranged from 20-50 years of both sexes. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups, experimental and control. The experimental group is given Maitland’s mobilization and exercises for Abdominal and Multifidus muscle strengthening. The control group is given Abdominal and Multifidus muscle strengthening exercises.

Results: Two groups were compared for pain using V.A.S & functional disability by Modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (M.O.L.B.P.D.Q). Pre & post assessment values within the same group were analysed by paired “t” test. The mean difference of M.O.L.B.P.D.Q after 7 days treatment was 25.67 and 3.47,

V.A.S showed a mean difference of 6.47 and 3.47 respectively in experimental and control group. The Values between the experimental & control group were compared using the student “t” test and found significant difference in reduction of pain and functional disability.

Conclusion: The study concluded that Maitland’s mobilization is a highly effective technique for the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction.

 Keywords: Sacro Iliac Joint Dysfunction, Maitland’s Mobilization, Modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale.

In vivo antioxidant activity of orthosiphon stamineus in streptozotocin induced in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats

2016Journal paperMarchPHARMACY
Nalamolu Koteswara Rao, Krupavaram Bethala, Sreenivas Patro Sisinthy, Sugumaran Manickam
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; 2(1); 78-85. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i01.002
ABSTRACT

Back ground and Objective of the study: The present study aims to investigate in vivo antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon stamineus. Plant extracts were prepared using successive solvent extraction process using petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol.

Methods: Type 2 diabetic rats were treated with extracts at the doses of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg for 21 days and tested for changes in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes, catalase and peroxidase levels.

Results: Significant increase in TBARS and conjugated dienes and reduction in catalase and peroxidase were observed. All the extracts could significantly decrease TBARS and conjugated dienes; significantly increase catalse and peroxidase levels. Dose dependent and potent antioxidant effect was observed with ethanolic and petroleum ether extracts. The results of this study highlighted the antioxidant potential of O. stamineus and can be useful for protecting oxidative damage of pancreatic cells.

Conclusion: The study highlighted that the mechanisms can prevent damage of other organs and is beneficial for prevention of diabetic associated complications.

 Key words: Orthosiphon stamineus, Type 2diabetes, in vivo antioxidant activity, TBARS, Conjugated dienes, Catalase, Peroxidase.

Effectiveness of gait training with auditory cues on subjects with Parkinson’s disease

2016Journal paperMarchPHYSIOTHERAPY
Garima Srivastava, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2016; 2(1); 69-77. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2016.v02i01.001
ABSTRACT

Background: The name of Parkinson’s disease is attributed to James Parkinson who first described the disease in 1987 in a treatise called “An essay on shaking palsy”. As Parkinson’s disease disturbs the locomotion of an individual it results in a substantial reduction in quality of life. Impairment in the temporal stability is worse in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Conventional Physiotherapy and Conventional Physiotherapy. The objectives of the study were to find the effect of conventional physiotherapy, conventional physiotherapy with auditory cues and the efficacy between conventional physiotherapy and conventional physiotherapy with auditory cues on the gait of subjects with Parkinson’s disease.

Methods: 30 Subjects with moderate Parkinson’s disease participated in the study and were randomly assigned into two groups. Group I received conventional physiotherapy only and group II received conventional physiotherapy with auditory cues. The gait parameters namely stride length; cadence and speed were noted before the intervention. The study duration was 4 weeks and at the end of the study period the parameters were re-assessed and the statistical analysis were done.

Results: The gait parameters were significantly improved (p<.001) in the group I undergoing conventional physiotherapy and there was also a significant improvement (p< .001) in the gait parameters of  group II.

Conclusion: The study has concluded that auditory cues can be a useful tool   in rehabilitation of patients with Parkinson’s disease for improvement of gait.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, Conventional Physiotherapy, Auditory cues, Gait parameters.

A comparative study on the effect of myofascial release versus deep transverse friction on myofascial trigger points of upper back

2015DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul, Mritunjay Kumar
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2015, 1 (2), 59-68, DOI: 10.36678/ijmaes.2015.v01i02.003
ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: The prevalence of Myofascial pain disorder has been increasing dramatically in recent years. Myofascial pain is generated by Myofascial trigger points in muscle tissue. There are various studies conducted on the efficacy of manual techniques to reduce pain due to Myofascial trigger points. Objectives of the study is to find out the effect of Myofascial Release and Deep Transverse Friction and compare the effectiveness of Myofascial Release versus Deep Transverse Friction on patients with Myofascial trigger points of upper back.

Methods: Total number of 30 subjects participated in this study. The study duration was 2 weeks, which was divided into 6 sittings alternately. Data were collected from subjects by using Visual Analog Scale before and after application of the technique. Statistical analysis has done using Wilcoxon Signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test.

Results: There was significant reduction in the level of pain on different days in both the groups. Pain level of subjects treated with Deep Transverse Friction was markedly reduced significantly with (P<0.01) immediately after the treatment in each sitting.

Conclusion: The study concluded that in comparison to Myofascial Release, the Deep Transverse Friction is more effective in reducing pain.

Keywords: Deep Transverse Friction, Myofascial Release, Myofascial Trigger Points, Visual Analog Scale.

Comparative effect of static and dynamic stretching exercise to improve flexibility of hamstring muscles among male adults

2015DecemberJournal paperPHYSIOTHERAPY
Jibi Paul ,Pradeep Balakrishnan
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2015; 1 (2), 53-58, DOI: 10.36678/ijmaes.2015.v01i02.002
ABSTRACT

Aim and Objective: Stretching exercises have used in many studies to reduce hamstring tightness and to improve flexibility of the muscle. This study is aimed to find the best method to improve flexibility of hamstring muscle among male adults. Objective of the study was to find out the effect of static and dynamic stretching exercise on flexibility of hamstring muscle and also to compare the effect of static over dynamic stretching exercise on flexibility of hamstring muscle.

Methods: This was a comparative experimental study on seventy four male healthy subjects from KPJ Healthcare University College, Malaysia. Convenient sampling method was used to select the samples. The subjects were selected by inclusion criteria and randomly divided equally in to two with 37 subjects in each group. Static and dynamic stretching exercises were given as intervention program for four weeks respectively for experimental and control group. Pre and post data of restricted range of movement for knee extension was measured using goniometry and documented separately for both group.

Result: In experimental and control group, pre-post statistical analysis found significant effect in increase of hamstring flexibility with P<0.0001, for right and left side. Comparative study between experimental and control group found that static stretching exercise have significant effect in increase of hamstring flexibility for right and left side with P<0.04.

Conclusion: This study concluded that hamstring flexibility improves by static and dynamic stretching exercise, but static stretching exercise found more effective over dynamic stretching exercise among male adults.

Key words: Hamstring muscle, static stretching, dynamic stretching, hamstring flexibility.

Formulation and evaluation of Hydrogel Transdermal Patch of a Selected NSAID

2015DecemberJournal paperPHARMACY
Anu Abraham, Sr. Daisy P A, Boby Johns George, Noby Thomas, Praveen Raj
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science,2015, 1(2),39-52,DOI: 10.36678/ijmaes.2015.v01i02.001
ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Transdermal drug delivery system overcomes the difficulties associated with oral drug delivery and improves therapeutic efficacy and safety of drugs, as it is site-specific due to temporal placement of dosage form on the body that reduces both size and number of doses.

Methods: In the present study effort was taken to formulate and evaluate Hydrogel based Transdermal patch of a selected NSAID. Nine formulations of matrix type hydrogel transdermal patches of Aceclofenac were  prepared.

Results: The pre formulation results obtained for all formulations were satisfactory. The drug- excipients compatibility study was also performed using FTIR and the results established that, there is no significant compatibility in drug and excipients. The physico –chemical properties such as physical appearance, thickness, weight variation, tensile strength, surface pH, swellability, water vapour transmission rate, percentage moisture uptake and folding endurance were evaluated.

Conclusion: The in-vitro drug permeation studies of the prepared patches were conducted and finally the optimized formulation was selected.

Keywords: Aceclofenac, Poly Vinyl Alcohol, Chitosan, solvent casting method, swellability, In-vitro drug permeation study

Evaluation of Pentraxins 3 in Chronic Periodontitis Patients Before and After the Treatment

2015DENTALJournal paperSeptember
Varghese Mathew, Sheeja Varghese, M Sankari,N D Jayakumar
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2015; 1(1); 9-15, DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2015.v01i01.002
ABSTRACT

Background: Pentraxins are a super family of evolutionarily conserved proteins considered as markers of inflammation .They are produced on exposure to pro – inflammatory stimuli like TNF -α, IL-1β and even microbial moieties. Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition initiated by gram negative organisms which cause an up regulation of pro -inflammatory mediators which in turn amplifies the production of PTX3, an acute phase protein. Since it has an extra hepatic synthesis unlike its counterpart CRP, PTX3 is used as a marker to assess the disease activity in periodontitis patients.

MethodsA total of 30 patients were divided into three groups, Group I 10 periodontally healthy subjects, Group II 20 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis, Group III same as group II one month after receiving Scaling and Root Planing. Clinical parameters were recorded and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from each subject for measuring PTX3 levels at baseline, and 1 month after treatment.

Results: In all evaluation periods, there was statistically significant difference in each of the studied clinical parameters and PTX3 level between Group I and Group II. There was also statistically significant reduction in each of the studied clinical parameters and PTX3 level between Group II and Group III.

Conclusions: Tissue PTX3 values can be considered as an inflammatory marker for chronic periodontitis. However further interventional studies with a larger sample size and longer follow up are required to use PTX3 as a true diagnostic marker for periodontal diseases.

Key words: Pentraxins, Periodontitis, Gingival crevicular fluid, CRP

Effect of rhythmic auditory cueing over conventional physical therapy among hemiparetic stroke patients on functional improvement of upper extremity

2015Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Chitra K, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2015, 1(1), 32-38. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2015.v01i01.005
ABSTRACT

Background and Objective: Functional recovery and motor control is one of the major concerns in stroke patients with performing activities of daily living. Major objective of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of the BATRAC Technique over the conventional physical therapy alone for functional improvement of upper extremity in hemi paretic stroke patient.

Methods: A random sampling method was used to select patients with Right MCA (Middle Cerebral Artery) stroke. Thirty patients were included and randomly divided into two groups by using lottery method, with fifteen in each group A and B. Group A underwent BATRAC Technique and group B underwent conventional physical therapy .The outcomes were measured by the MAS, STREAM and FMS to find out the functional recovery of the upper limb in stroke patients.

Results: Intra group analysis was done by Wilcoxon rank test and the inter group analysis done by Mann- Whitney test. In intra group analysis, group A, got significant reduction in spasticity and significant improvement in voluntary control & functional activities (P<0.005). Group B who underwent conventional physical therapy also showed significant reduction in spasticity & improvement in voluntary control & functional activities. In Comparison between the groups, group A had more significant improvement in voluntary control and functional activities than group B.

Conclusion: This study concluded that physiotherapy with the use of BATRAC Technique is more effective than conventional physical therapy. Statistically BATRAC Technique was highly significant in enhancing the functional improvement of upper limb in hemipareitic stroke patients with right MCA infarction.

Keywords: Stroke, Middle Cerebral Artery, BATRAC Technique, FMS, STREAM, MAS

To study the relationship of neck circumference as a parameter in predicting metabolic syndrome- A one year cross sectional study

2015Journal paperMEDICALSeptember
Bobby Varghese, Rekha S Patil
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2015; 1(1); 22-31. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2015.v01i01.004
ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Upper-body fat distribution has long been recognized as related to increased cardiovascular disease risk, and neck skin fold or NC has been used as an index for such an adverse risk profile. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship of NC as a parameter in predicting metabolic syndrome.

Methodology: The present study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum during the study period from January 2011 to December 2011. Hundred (100) cases of metabolic syndrome were taken based on NCEP ATP III criteria and the various components of metabolic syndrome and the NC were evaluated and compared.

Result: In this study 66% of the patients were males and 34% were females. Mean age of the study population was 54.46 ± 14.93 years. 46% of the patients had metabolic syndrome with four components and 31% had five components. The commonest component of metabolic syndrome was hypertension (95%) followed by hyper triglyceridemia (82%). Abnormal NC was observed in 97% patients and mean neck circumference was 38.93±1.95 centimeters. Waist circumference was abnormal in 74% patients. The mean waist circumference of the study population was 97.9±7.44 centimeters. Lipid abnormalities of total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides and HDL were noted in 30%, 18%, 82% and 76% of the patients respectively.

Conclusion: Patients with metabolic syndrome presented with abnormal NC, which was not associated with any of the components of metabolic syndrome. However, elevated BMI had associated increased neck circumference and this association was statistically significant.

Keywords: Body mass index, metabolic syndrome, neck circumference (NC), upper body fat, waist circumference.

Effectiveness of stretching and modified footwear on reducing pain and functional ability in athletes suffering from shin splint

2015Journal paperPHYSIOTHERAPYSeptember
Srinivas Mandom, Jibi Paul
International Journal of Medical and Exercise Science, 2015; 1(1); 16-21. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2015.v01i01.003
ABSTRACT

Background:Shin pain is a common complaint among the athletes, particularly in distance runners. The term shin splint refers to the pain along the medial border of the tibia, which usually interfere in their athletic activity and increase their disability level. Major objective of this study was to find out the efficacy of early stretching and modified foot wear on reduction pain and effect on functional abilities among the athletes.

Methods: Elite athletes from the sports department of the Mysore University of India were taken for the studies. The patients of both genders with age group between 24-32 suffer from shin pain were included for the study. The sustained stretching protocol and modified footwear were used for the experimental group and the cryotherapy and rest for the control group. A total of 30 subjects with the shin splint were participated in this study. All the subjects in this study were equally divided into experimental and control group and the treatment time fixed for four weeks.

Results: Pre and Post treatment analysis found that there was significant difference in outcome of experimental group. The study accepted the alternative hypothesis and rejected the null hypothesis. The study was statistically significant with P-<0.001.Medically the study found early stretching intervention and modification of footwear were effective in reduction of pain and increase of functional ability.

Conclusion: This study concluded that experimental group with intervention of early stretching and modified footwear was more effective on reducing pain and increasing functional ability among the athletes.

Key words: Athletes, shin splint, LEFS, cryotherapy, immobilization.

Combination of Simulation and Community Based Instruction (CBI) On the Acquisition of Shopping and Telephone Skills among Students with Intellectual Disabilities

2015Journal paperOccupational TherapySeptember
Sakinah Binti Rasli, Elizabeth Anne McKay
International Journal medical and exercise science, 2015; 1(1); 1-8. DOI:10.36678/ijmaes.2015.v01i01.001
ABSTRACT

Background: 

An instructional approach is one important variable to consider when providing community skills training with regards to cost effectiveness. Thus, there is a need for research in examining the effective types of instruction to train primary school children with intellectual disabilities to acquire the functional skills.

Purpose: This study examined the effectiveness of using a combination simulation instruction and Community Based Instruction (CBI) on acquisition of shopping and telephone skills among children with intellectual disabilities aged 9 to 13 years old.

Methods: A one group pre-test post-test design was used. Twelve (n=12) children with intellectual disabilities were recruited in this study. Participants were pre tested using task analysis and levels and types of prompting were measured at the beginning of study for a baseline data. After 4 weeks, participants were post tested again using task analysis and levels and types of prompting were measured.

Results: Results showed that a 4 week combination of simulation instruction and community based instruction (CBI) with a prompting strategy increased the number of steps achieved independently for the shopping and telephone tasks and reduced the number of prompt required for the completed both tasks. Conclusion: This research was carried out in a self- funded special education school setting. The study aimed to make a preliminary investigation into the effectiveness of an intervention to enhance occupational therapy service delivery. The lessons learned during the conduct of the research have provided helpful indicators which warrant further investigation and provided pointers to future research design.

Key words: community based instruction, prompting strategy, functional skills